• 재활간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.79-89
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• 2003

Purpose: This research with one group pre-post design was carried out to test the practical feasibility to administrate the Music Movement program developed for the stroke patients. Subjects: 12 stroke survivors at "J" Public Health Center in Seoul. were participated in. The average age was 68 years old, the ratio of sex was almost 5.8:4.2, the duration of was almost over 1 year. Method: Music Movement program was conducted for 2 hours ${\times}$ 1day ${\times}$ 6 weeks. The contents of Music Movement program were consisted of the preparatory activities, main activities and the wrap up activities. The preparatory activities are ice braking, greeting, explanation of the aims of music movement program, and introduction of stroke disease and ROM exercise. The main activities are the body motions with singing and playing musical instruments. The wrap up activities are stretching and joints and discussion of home activities. Data Collection: The outcome variables are muscle strength, finger pinch power, ROMs, flexibility, depression, and life satisfaction. Depression was measured by CES-D(Kim, I. J., 1999), life satisfaction by ladder scale(McDowell & Newell, 1996), and ADL state(Holbrook & Skilbeck, 1983). Data Analysis: SPSS/PC 10.0 for Window was used. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to analyze outcome measures. The level of statistical significance was set at p<.05. Results: This program was effective to decrease the depression level of subjects(p<.05). The muscle strength, hand grip power, ROMs, life satisfaction, and rehabilitation state of the subjects were slightly increased but no significant differences were found between the pre and post test. Additionally every patient replied that they were very satisfied and expressed their appreciation for this program very much. Of course they strongly want to continue to participate in and meet the peer group again. Conclusion: Considering these results, the practical feasibility of Music Movement program can be supported. Therefore, this Music Movement program can be examined with the quasi-experimental design with control group and ongoing reviews. After that, this program would be applied in public health centers, medical institutes, and welfare centers for the rehabilitation of stroke patients.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.351-367
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• 1999

This study aims to study the discourses influencing high school students' concept and attitude toward mathematics, and to examine how gender differences concerning mathematical aptitude are created. This study is based on the results of previous two studies which suggested that mathematical competence differs not only according to gender, region and school year, but also even within the same gender. For this study, 12 students ranking in the top 10% at two co-ed high schools were interviewed to find out 1) what discourses are related to gender and mathematics, 2) in what way these discourses are formulated and gain currency, and 3) how they have affected students in general. Common notions concerning mathematics may be summed up as follows: 1) Most of the students believe that gender difference in mathematical aptitude results because biologically men tend to be strong in mathematics and analytical skills while women tend to have better linguistic ability. This concept can help male students' studying to have a greater learning toward mathematics. 2) A large number of the students believe that male students' studying method is based on comprehension whereas female students' method is based on retention, and hence the former group tends to be better at applying their learning than the latter group. This notion seres to encourage male students and discourage female students from tackling difficult mathematical problems. 3) Many students believe that, although female students may surpass their male counterparts in middle school or the first year of high school, they will eventually fall behind by the 3rd year. Despite research which shows that these common beliefs are not grounded in scientific proof, high-school girls, who may be strong in mathematics, lose self-confidence and feel a sense of crisis. The mechanisms which produce and reinforce such concepts as those mentioned above can be summarized as follows: 1) Regarding the choice of majors and future career paths, parents show different attitudes toward sons and daughters, and this tends to influence high-school girls and hinders them from entering mathematics-related fields. 2) Teachers with value systems based on stereo-typed gender roles affect students a great deal, and give different advice according to gender of their students, for selecting their major fields - for instance, whether to study the natural sciences as opposed to humanities. 3) This study indicates that peer-group behavior, of either support or exclusion, also reinforces the process of internalizing notions of gender difference related to mathematical aptitude. 4) The gender-based notion that men are naturally more inclined to have better mathematical ability has caused male students to choose the natural science subjects and female students to turn to the humanities. The discourses discussed above, propagated in schools and homes, and in the mass media, are continually reinforced along with general gender inequalities in the society at large.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.1499-1513
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• 2021

Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the effect of dietary essential oils (EOs) on productive performance, nutrient digestibility, and serum metabolite profiles of broiler chickens and to compare their effectiveness as growth-promoting additives against antibiotics. Methods: Peer-reviewed articles were retrieved from Web of Science, Science Direct, PubMed, and Google scholar and selected based on pre-determined criteria. A total of 41 articles containing 55 experiments with 163 treatment units were eligible for analyses. Data were subjected to a meta-analysis based on mixed model methodology considering the doses of EOs as fixed effects and the different studies as random effects. Results: Results showed a linear increase (p<0.001) on body weight gain (BWG) where Antibiotics (FCR) and average daily feed intake decreased (p<0.001) linearly with an increasing dose of EOs. Positive effects were observed on the increased (p<0.01) digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract, and cecal Lactobacillus while Escherichia coli (E. coli) population in the cecum decreased (p<0.001) linearly. There was a quadratic effect on the weight of gizzard (p<0.01), spleen (p<0.05), bursa of fabricius (p<0.001), and liver (p<0.10) while carcass, abdominal fat, and pancreas increased (p<0.01) linearly. The dose of EOs linearly increased high density lipoprotein, glucose, protein, and globulin concentrations (p<0.01). In comparison to control and antibiotics, all type of EOs significantly reduced (p<0.001) FCR and tended to increase (p<0.1) BWG and final body weight. Cinnamaldehyde-compound was the only EOs type showing a tendency to increase (p<0.1) carcass weight, albumin, and protein of serum metabolites while this EOs together with EOs-Blend 1 decreased (p<0.01) E. coli population. Low density lipoprotein concentration decreased (p<0.05) with antibiotics and carvacrol-based compound when compared to the control group. Conclusion: This evidence confirms that EOs are suitable to be used as growth promoters and their economical benefit appears to be promising.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.119-144
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• 2010

본 연구는 비행친구와 비행 간의 관계가 종단적으로 역동적일 뿐만 아니라 그 관계성에 다양한 잠재적 유형이 있을 수 있음을 밝히고자 한다. 청소년패널자료를 활용하여 분석한 결과, 비행친구 발달궤적은 중2에서 고2까지 4회기 동안 비행친구가 없는 집단, 비행친구가 감소하는 집단, 비행친구가 지속되는 집단 세 가지 유형으로 구분되었다. 비행친구 발달궤적과 비행 발달궤적 간의 종단적인 역동적 관계를 살펴본 결과, 비행친구 발달궤적 집단 중 비행집단이 될 확률은 비행친구 지속형 집단이 가장 높고, 비행친구 억제형 집단이 가장 낮은 것으로 나타나 비행친구의 영향효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 비행친구 지속형 집단은 만성형 비행집단이 될 확률이 가장 높은 것으로 나타나 비행친구의 상승효과를 보여주고 있다. 반면 비행친구 감소형 집단은 저비행지속형 집단이 될 확률이 가장 높았고, 비행친구 지속형 집단은 중단형 비행집단이 될 확률이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 비행친구의 선택효과를 반증하는 것이다. 본 연구결과는 비행친구의 영향효과, 선택효과, 상승효과를 동시에 지지하는 것으로서, 이러한 여러 가지 설명이 동등하게 타당하며 비행친구와 비행 간의 관계는 종단적으로 상호적이며 역동적인 관계로 이해되어야 함을 보여주고 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.2621-2626
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• 2013

Background: To review the peer reviewed literature on the psychological aspects of the prostate cancer experience of men in Asia. Materials and Methods: Medline and PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest, and Web of Science (1999 - November Week 4, 2012) were searched. Inclusion criteria were: included men with prostate cancer and/or their partners or caregivers who identify as Asian recruited in an Asian country; and assessed health-related quality of life, psychological and social adjustment relating to prostate cancer and published in English after $1^{st}$ January 1999 and prior to $30^{th}$ November, 2012. Study aims; design; quality; level of evidence, and key results were assessed. Results: 43 articles met all inclusion criteria and were retained for initial review. Of these most focussed on health-related QOL with only five evidence Level IV studies from Japan and Taiwan including a specific psychological focus. Of these, one was a cross-sectional case control study; three were cross-sectional descriptive quantitative designs; one was a cross-sectional descriptive qualitative study. From the data available, a substantive sub group of men with prostate cancer (approximately one third) in these countries experience clinically high psychological distress and decision regret. Conclusions: Research on the psychological needs of men with the increasingly prevalent condition of prostate cancer in Asian countries is scant with only a small number of low level evidence descriptive studies identified. Future research to underpin the development and evaluation of effective and culturally relevant psychological and supportive care interventions for such men is urgently needed.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2007

청소년을 위한 학교 흡연예방 프로그램은 사회심리 이론에 근거한 프로그램이 대체로 성공적이었다고 알려져 있으나, 각 프로그램의 효과 정도에는 많은 차이가 있다. 이 연구는 다른 메타 분석처럼 전체적인 프로그램 효과도를 측정하여 일반적인 결론을 유도한 것이 아니라, 프로그램의 효과와 관계가 깊은 요인 (Explanatory Variables)을 자세히 파악하여 보건교육 담당자, 연구원, 또는 정책 결정자들에게 구체적인 가이드라인을 제공하는 데에 목적을 두고 있다. 주요한 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 8-12학년 학생들보다는 초등학교에서 중등학교로 바뀌는 5-7학년 학생들에게 흡연예방 프로그램은 더 효과가 있었다. 2. 연구 방법론에 있어서는 experimental design, random assignment, 순수 비교그룹을 사용하였을 경우, implementation fidelity와 instrument reliability가 높은 경우, 또는 10% 미만의 attrition rates일 때 프로그램 효과도 (effect size)가 더 높게 나타났다. 3. 프로그램 실행 시 또래 리더를 사용하였을 경우, 알코올 등 다른 약물을 배제한 담배만을 중점적으로 다루었을 경우, 적어도 10회 이상 연속적으로 이루어지거나 프로그램 종료 후 일년 뒤에 추가 프로그램이 주어진 경우가 더욱 효과적이었다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.135-145
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• 2012

In this study, we developed an efficient in-service teachers training program, which could help the professional development of science gifted teachers. The characteristic feature of this in-service training program was to put great emphasis on interaction between fellow teachers. With this program, teachers could share their experiences and informations about gifted education. The program consisted of 4 interaction modules: 'the module of interaction at the pre-planning', 'the module of interaction in the small group', 'the module of interaction at the plan of application', 'the module of interaction at the practical exercise'. In this study, we analyzed the interaction between science gifted education teachers in 'the module of interaction at the pre-planning'. We analyzed the interaction between science gifted education teachers in 'the module of interaction at the pre-planning'. Each teachers got 17.2 correction opinions from peer teachers. They accepted 79.2% opinions among them and refused the other opinions (20.8% opinions). In the analysis of 'program process', the interactions for the improvement about 'the acquirements of knowledge and function' step were 41.9% and the interactions for the improvement about 'plan and exploration' step were 30.5%. In the analysis of 'program domain', the interactions about 'method of teaching and learning' were 41.9%. The interactions about 'program step' were 28.6% and the interactions about 'learning contentsh were 24.8%. With these results, we discussed the features of interaction between science gifted education teachers and proposed the improvement of in-service training program for elementary science gifted teachers.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.53-74
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• 2010

본 연구는 대학 교수들이 셀프 아카이빙하는 저장소와 저작물의 종류 및 그러한 결정의 배경이 되는 이유에 대하여 조사하였다. 미국 17개 연구 중심 대학의 교수들을 대상으로 설문지와 전화 면담을 수행하였으며 본 연구는 480명의 설문 응답과 41명의 후속 전화 면담 분석을 바탕으로 하였다. 분석 결과 교수들은 개인 홈페이지나 연구 그룹 홈페이지를 통하여 심사를 거친 논문을 셀프 아카이빙하는 경우가 많았다. 이를 통해 교수들이 학술 자료의 질적 수준 관리 기제로서의 논문 심사를 셀프 아카이빙에서도 중요한 요소로 인식한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 기관 레포지토리에서의 셀프 아카이빙 참여도는 저조한 편이었으나 몇몇 교수들은 다양한 종류의 학술 자료들을 디지털 형태로 보존할 수 있다는 점에서 그 발전 가능성을 언급하였다.

• 한국언론정보학보
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• 제52권
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• pp.90-110
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• 2010

십대를 탈정치화된 문화소비자로 우려하거나 의식화된 정치 행위자로 찬미하는 기존의 거친 이분법에 문제제기하며, 이 연구는 십대 소녀.소년들의 정치 참여의 문화적 의미를 2008년 촛불광장을 중심으로 탐구한다. 말걸기와 듣기를 통한 성찰적 방법론으로서 심층인터뷰를 실시하여, 십대가 일상적으로 겪은 고통과 불안의 감정이 자아의 윤리로 성장하는 과정, 개인적인 가치와 신념이 또래집단 내에서 소통적 관계로 확장되고 집합화되는 방식, 그리고 세대/젠더적 감수성이 운동 세력 내부에서 차이들의 정치로 다층화되고 활성화되는 역동을 읽어내었다. 주변화된 타자로서 십대가 윤리적.소통적.정치적 주체로 ‘되어가는’ 과정으로 촛불운동을 이해함으로써, 촛불광장을 단지 일시적인 이벤트로 단편화하는 대신, 새로운 정치세대의 성장이라는 역사적 과정으로 맥락화할 것을 제안한다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.21-43
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• 2008

Objective: This study aimed to understand workplace drinking environment on drinking behaviors among female employees and thereby attempt to lay a ground for future prevention of drinking problems triggered by workplace environment. For the purposes of the study, variables related to drinking behavior and the actual conditions of female employees were explored. And the study examined the effects of individual and environmental factors on drinking behavior. Methods: The sample included 400 female and male employees in enterprises and organizations located in the metropolitan area of Korea. An in-depth interview was conducted to explore workplace variables related to female drinking, and a self-administered questionnaire was conducted to examine the relationship between workplace variables and drinking behaviors (alcohol consumption, risky drinking, and binge drinking frequencies). Results: Major findings of the study are as follows: First, positive function of drinking and drinking culture at workplace and the pressure to drink were derived from in-depth interviews. Second, 47.2% of female employees were current drinkers and 20.4% were risky drinkers. Third, drinking norms and attitude at workplace, influence of peer group, and drinking culture at workplace were found to be predictive factors of harmful drinking. Fourth, drinking expectancy and drinking norms and attitude at the workplace were found to influence drinking binge frequencies. Conclusion: The study indicates the importance of the workplace environmental factors in female employee's drinking behavior, and addresses the need for interventions geared toward changing the workplace environment regarding alcohol use.