• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.1802-1808
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose a method about the extraction of the pedestrian tracking trajectory in the road and we used the method of mosaic background extraction and adaptive neural network for automatic pedestrian tracking system. We used mosaic background extraction to overcome ghost phenomenon. And we detected pedestrian using differential image analysis. We used adaptive neural network for multiple pedestrian tracking that non­rigid form moving. The ART2 network is capable of detecting the mass­centers of moving objects within one frame. The history of neurons positions in the sequential frames approximates the traces of the targets. The experiments done with the network in simulated environment show promising results.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.125-134
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• 2011

In order to reconstruct vehicle-pedestrian collision accidents, this paper presents a fuzzy tool to estimate accurately the impact velocity of the vehicle using parameters which could be easily collectable at the accident scene. The fuzzy rules and membership functions were set up using number of over 200 domestic and foreign data from accidents and empirical tests and 700 data from multibody simulation experiments. The developed fuzzy tool deduces the category of pedestrian trajectory and impact speed of the vehicle using 4 membership functions and 2 logic rules. The membership function of throw distance was differently set according to the deduced category of trajectories. The implemented fuzzy program was validated through comparing with the domestic and foreign empirical data. The output results agree very well in impact velocities of vehicle resulting the accuracy and usefulness of the developed tool in the reconstruction analysis of vehicle-pedestrian collision accidents.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.812-820
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• 2012

In this paper, multiple pedestrians tracking system using Histogram of Oriented Gradient and occlusion detection is proposed. The proposed system is applicable to Intelligent Surveillance System. First, we detect pedestrian in a image sequence using pedestrian's feature. To get pedestrian's feature, we make block-histogram using gradient's direction histogram based on HOG(Histogram of Oriented Gradient), after that a pedestrian region is classified by using Linear-SVM(Support Vector Machine) training. Next, moving objects are tracked by using position information of the classified pedestrians. And we create motion trajectory descriptor which is used for content based event retrieval. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more fast, accurate and effective than conventional methods.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.18-34
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• 2021

Pedestrian deaths in Korea due to traffic accidents are 40 percent of the fatalities in traffic accidents, which is about twice the average of OECD member countries. To reduce severe pedestrian accidents, it is necessary to apply the accident reduction measures to high-risk drivers (novice, elderly, and commercial vehicle drivers) who are more likely to cause traffic accidents than general drivers. Therefore, this study analyzed the effect of safe driving education on high-risk drivers' behavior. Here, the safe driving education is chosen as the measure to reduce traffic accidents. As part of the study, sudden pedestrian crossing situations were implemented in the driving simulator, and the vehicle trajectory data were collected to compare the driving behavior before and after the education. Most surrogate safety measures showed no improvement in the driving behavior of novice and elderly drivers, and the effect of safe driving education was found to be significant only in the group of commercial vehicle drivers. The results implied that additional measures such as pedestrian safety infrastructure and driver assistance systems, apart from the safe driving education, may be needed for novice and elderly drivers to reduce pedestrian accidents caused by them. With the findings mentioned above, this study is expected to provide a foundation to establish a plan to reduce pedestrian accidents caused by high-risk drivers.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.115-121
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• 2012

In spite of serious injuries caused by traffic accidents of car-pedestrian, the dispute is constantly occurring and economic losses and mental suffering is escalating since the cause of accidents is not scientifically identified. This study reviewed vehicle dynamics, driving dynamics, collision dynamics, traffic and road engineering for traffic accidents analysis based on traffic accidents related physically objective evidence and analysed the cause of accidents by getting results which applied vehicle initial collision velocity before collision, processing trajectory, collision stance, vehicle velocity before & after collision and parameter by using PC-Crash program. I found that skid mark and collision velocity of car-pedestrian had the error of 11.2%, 2,27% compared to theoretical values.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1-15
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• 2017

Recently terrorism targets unspecified masses and causes massive destruction, which is so-called Super Terrorism. Many countries have tried hard to protect their citizens with various preparation and safety net. With inexpensive and advanced technologies of sensors, the surveillance systems have been paid attention, but few studies associated with the classification of the pedestrians' trajectories and the difference among themselves have attempted. Therefore, we collected individual trajectories at Samseoung Station using an analytical solution (system) of pedestrian trajectory by LiDAR sensor. Based on the collected trajectory data, a comprehensive framework of classifying the types of pedestrians' trajectories has been developed with data normalization and "trajectory association rule-based algorithm." As a result, trajectories with low similarity within the very same cluster is possibly detected.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.323-334
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• 2014

In this paper, we proposed indoor positioning system with improved accuracy. The proposed indoor location measurement system is based pedestrian location measurement method that use the embedded sensor of smartphone. So, we do not need wireless external resources, such as GPS or WiFi signals. The conventional methods measure indoor location by generating a movement route of pedestrian by step and direction recognition. In this paper, to correct the direction sensor error, we use the common feature of the normal indoor floor map that the indoor path is lattice-structured. And we quantize moving directions depending on the direction of indoor path. In addition, we propose moving direction measuring method using geomagnetic sensor and gyro sensor to improve the accuracy. Also, the proposed step detection method uses angle and accelerometer sensors. The proposed step detection method is not affected by the posture of the smartphone. Direction errors caused by direction sensor error is corrected due to proposed moving direction measuring method. The proposed location error correction method corrects location error caused by step detection error without the need for external wireless signal resources.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.65-71
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• 2020

In order to accurately track the trajectory of the smartphone indoors and outdoors, the WiFi Fingerprint method and the Pedestrian Dead Reckoning method are fused. The former can estimate the absolute position, but an error occurs randomly from the actual position, and the latter continuously estimates the position, but there are accumulated errors as it moves. In this paper, the model and Kalman Filter equation to fuse the estimated position data of the two methods were established, and optimal system parameters were derived. According to covariance value of the system noise and measurement noise the estimation accuracy is analyzed. Using the measured data and simulation, it was confirmed that the improved performance was obtained by complementing the two methods.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.37-47
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• 2024

This study presents the results of designing a system that determines the location of a person in an indoor environment based on a single IMU sensor attached to the tip of a person's shoe in an area where GPS signals are inaccessible. By adjusting for human footfall, it is possible to accurately determine human location and trajectory by correcting errors originating from the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) combined with advanced machine learning algorithms. Although there are various techniques to identify stepping, our study successfully recognized stepping with 98.7% accuracy using an artificial intelligence model known as Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). Drawing upon the enhancements in our methodology, this article demonstrates a novel technique for generating a 200-meter trajectory, achieving a level of precision marked by a 2.1% error margin. Indoor pedestrian navigation systems, relying on inertial measurement units attached to the feet, have shown encouraging outcomes.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.5 s.83
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• pp.73-81
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• 2005

Triangle-shaped island was been used for the exclusive separation between the right-turn and the through flow. However, in case that existing Triangle-Shaped Island is built at the intersection of narrow road. there are more possibilities of traffic collision trespassing into the opposite lane. Accordingly, separation of the opposite lane is required so as to prevent the intrusion of the large-sized (a heavy) vehicle into the opposite lane turning at the intersection. This study showed the comparison between intersection composed of existing Triangle-Shaped Island and the intersection with Drop Island is added. First of all, in the safety aspect, a method to decide location and shape of Drop Island considering turning trajectory of the large-sized (the heavy vehicle) is addressed. The guideline on the placement of drop island install location and method to decide form the consider heavy truck's turn trajectory in safety side. As a conclusion. we analyzed that drop island is relatively superior to existing Triangle-Shaped Island in terms of driver, ease of driving, driving pleasantness, pedestrian, widening and economic performance aspect.