• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.288-298
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• 2017

Craniomaxillofacial injuries produce complex wound environments involving various tissue types and treatment strategies. In a clinical setting, care is taken to properly irrigate and stabilize the injury, while grafts are molded in an attempt to maintain physiological functionality and cosmesis. This often requires multiple surgeries and grafts leading to added discomfort, pain and financial burden. Many of these injuries can lead to disfigurement and resultant loss of system function including mastication, respiration, and articulation, and these can lead to acute and long-term psychological impact on the patient. A main causality of these issues is the lack of an ability to spatially control pre-injury morphology while maintaining shape and function. With the advent of additive manufacturing (three-dimensional printing) and its use in conjunction with biomaterial regenerative strategies and stem cell research, there is an increased potential capacity to alleviate such limitations. This review focuses on the current capabilities of additive manufacturing platforms, completed research and potential for future uses in the treatment of craniomaxillofacial injuries, with an in-depth discussion of regeneration of the periodontal complex and teeth.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2005

The study estimated employee satisfaction to apply TQM system to hospital foodservice management. A survey was mailed to foodservice employees of five general hospitals with more than 300 beds, three of them were independent and two of them were contract foodservice management. A total of 129 questionnaires were returned and analyzed for statistical analysis. Statistical analysis was completed using SPSS for chi-square test, t-test and Pearson's correlation. The results of this study showed that employees of contract foodservice presented higher scores than independent foodservice in interests, affection, importance of works. And achievement of work was significantly different between contract and independent foodservice employees (p < 0.05). The satisfaction of payment adequacy was lower for contract foodservice employees (p < 0.05). The employees of both contract and independent foodservice were satisfied with attitude of foodservice managers toward employee. Attitude scores of foodservice employees toward co-worker were higher in independent foodservice. Employees of independent foodservice showed higher scores for the attitude toward institution represented satisfaction. (Korean J Nutrition 38(2): 173～179, 2005)

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.123-136
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• 2004

The purposes of this study were to investigate the qualities of infant day-care centers and the caregivers' interactions with infants. Forty-six day-care centers from Seoul, Daejeon, and Daegu were enrolled in this study. Two kinds of methods were used for data collection; one was the Assessment Scale for Infant/Toddler Care Center developed by Choi and the other was the Qualitative Rating Scale for Caregiver used in the NICHD Early Child Care Project. Frequency, percentile, Crollbach's, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson's correlation were calculated for data analysis. Qualities on 5 factors of infant day-care centers were ranged from 3.44∼4.35, the highest with health managing and the lowest with support system in the Likert 5-point scales. Sensitivity, developmental stimulation and positive regard to child, which are the caregiver's positive interactions with infants were rated minimally or usually characteristic. In addition, intrusiveness, detachment, negative regard to child and flatness, which are negative interactions with infants were rated never or minimally characteristic. Finally, some suggestions for good quality and facilitation of infant care were made.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.525-534
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify moderating and mediating effects of social support in the relationship between work-family conflict, job satisfaction and turnover intention among married women nurses. Methods: The sample for this study consisted of 225 married female nurses from two hospitals located in Seoul. Data were collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients and hierarchical multiple regression with the SPSS 21.0 program. Results: (a) Social support of married female nurses had significant moderating and mediating effects between work-family conflict and job satisfaction. (b) Social support of married female nurses had significant moderating and mediating effects between work-family conflict and turnover intention. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that social support is an important factor in work-family conflict, job satisfaction and turnover intention among married female nurses. Supervisor support is important to married nurses as social support as it is controlled by the organization. Therefore, supportive relationships based on mutual respect between supervisors and nurses are necessary for a creative organizational atmosphere and system.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.386-396
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of social support, self - esteem, hope, and health conservation of the vulnerable elderly people with diabetes. Methods: Participants were 100 vulnerable elderly people with diabetes living in D or K cities. Data collection was done through interviews from February to March, 2016. Social support was measured with the MOS-SSS (Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey), self-esteem with Self-Esteem Scale, hope with the Nowotny Hope Scale, and health conservation with the Sung's Health Conservation Scale. IBM SPSS 20.0 was used to analyze descriptive statistics, one-way ANOVA, independent t-test, Pearson correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. Results: Factors affecting the health conservation of the vulnerable elderly people were social support, hope, education level and subjective health status. These factors explained 64.9% of the health conservation. Conclusion: It is necessary to construct a comprehensive nursing classification system for elderly people with diabetes in vulnerable class and to develop integrated health conservation program and nursing care as a new social support resource.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.13-29
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to examine consumer characteristics according to analyze the level of consumer knowledge, skill, and consciousness through the comparison between young-elderly people and elderly people in Cheju. For the empirical analysis, the data was collected 428 consumers from May to June, 1999. The statistical methods for this study were descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, correlation using SPSS Win program. The major findings of this study were as follows; 1) The level of consumer consciousness was very high, but the level of consumer knowledge and consumer skill were low. 2) Drug un, Recall system, Frozen-food management, Indication for consumer knowledge; Planning, Discontent treatment for consumer skill; Responsibility for consumer consciousness area were very low state. 3) Correlation according to Pearson's γ²were positive relationship between all of that consumer knowledge and consumer skill and consumer consciousness areas. 4) Sum of 3 findings were no great difference between young-elderly people and elderly people. From now on, some suggestions from this study how to stress on the consumer knowledge and consumer skill as well as consumer consciousness of the elderly in Cheju.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.149-155
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• 2014

Objectives This study was designed to investigate the correlation between the difference of pelvic height and difference of gait balance. Methods 62 cases of patients who received treatment from January 2011 to March 2014 for abnormal postures were analyzed. Their difference of pelvic height were estimated by whole spine X-ray analysis and gait balance were estimated by Treadmill Gait Analysis system. The data were analyzed to find out correlation between difference of pelvic height and difference of gait balance, and correlation between the position of pelvic tilt and gait balance higher side. Pearson correlation and Chi-square analysis were used. Results Pelvic height heigher side were more left than right side, and gait balance higher side were also more left than right side. Difference of pelvic height and difference of gait balance had a positive linear relationship, but there was no significant correlation. The position of pelvic tilt had significant correlation with gait balance higher side. Conclusions The position of pelvic tilt had significant correlation with gait balance higher side and difference of pelvic height had no significant correlation with difference of gait balance.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.10-17
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• 1997

The purpose of this study were to compare light touch, two-point discrimination, position sense, and static balance ability and to examine the relationship of static balance ability and different senses in those who are wearing various heights of high-heeled shoes. Each 29 women was classified two different heights (below 3 cm, above 7 cm) by experience in wearing shoes. A t-test was used to determine the differences between low- and high-heeled shoe in light touch, two-point discrimination, position sense, and static balance ability. Pearson correlation was used to examine the relationship of static balance ability to these sensation. The results were as follows: 1) No significant differences in average light touch, position sense between two groups were found(p>0.05). But significant differences in average two-point discrimination, static balance ability were found(p<0.05). 2) Static balance ability was not significantly correlated with light touch, position sense, two-point discrimination(p>0.05). The results suggest that long time experience in wearing high-heeled shoe may be caused local sensory change and decreased static balance ability. Even though, static balance ability was not significantly affected but correlated with two-point discrimination, position sense, and light touch in order.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.11-17
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to explore the characteristics of Fashion leadership in relation to social partipation, mass communication, and socioeconomic level among married women living in Seoul. Fashion opinion leadership was measured by Schrank Fashion Opinion Leadership Inventory. Fashion Preference Scale was designed to determinefashion innovativeness. Social parti-cipationana mass communication were assessed by selected items from the inventory of Summer and Kim. Hollingshead's two-factor index and weighting system was selected to assess socioeconomic level. The questionnaires were adminstered to a random sample of married women in Seoul. The date for 214 respondents were analyzed by Pearson correlation, analysis of variance, and t-teat. The results were as followers : 1) Fashion opinion leadership was significantly related to fashion preference. 2) Fashion leadership was significantly related to social participation, mass communication, socioeconomic level. 3) There was a significant difference between fashion leadership and age. 4) Women's occupation had little influence on fashion opinion leadership as well as fashion preference.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.131-140
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• 2012

This study was to investigate the relationship between the distance and projection factors, angle factors of javelin in women's javelin throwing. The data were collected in the 2011 National Sports Festivals for 11 players. Three-Dimensional motion analysis using a system of 4 video cameras at a sampling frequency of 60 fields/s was performed for this study. The factors of release conditions calculated using Matlab 2009a program. The statical analysis on the records(n=42) included mean and standard deviation of the mean(SD), Pearson's product moment correlation coefficient(SPSS Version 16.0 for Windows). There was a statistically significant positive relationship between the records and release velocity(r=.866, p<.01), height(r=.433, p<.01) and height rate(r=.340, p<.05). The attitude angle, release angle, and attack angle showed not a statistically significant relationship between the records. The medial-lateral tilt angle of javelin showed not a statistically significant relationship between the records, but the yaw angle of javelin(r=.549, p<.01) showed a statistically significant positive relationship between the records.