• 한국진공학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.360-366
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• 2006

0,25 ML의 산소원자가 흡착하여 이루는 O/Pd(100)-p($2{\times}2$) 표면의 원자구조를 밀도범함수 이론 계산을 통해 연구하였다, Pd(100) 표면의 fourfold hollow 위치가 가장 안정된 산소 흡착위치로 밝혀졌고 O-Pd 결합거리는 $2,15{\AA}$으로 계산되었다. 산소 흡착에 의해 Pd(100) 표면의 첫 번째 층간격 ($d_{12}$) 은 +0,8%의 팽창을 보이는데 이 계산결과는 +3,6%의 팽창을 보고 한 LEED 실험 결과와 차이를 보인다. 차이의 원인으로 시료 표변에 수소 불순물이 존재하였을 가능성을 고려하여 계산한 결과, O/Pd(100)-p($2{\times}2$)에 수소원자가 흡착할 때 $d_{12}$의 팽창이 유발됨을 확인하였다. 수소 흡착량에 따른 구조변화를 분석하여 LEED 시료 표변에 잔존할 것으로 예상되는 수소의 양을 약 0,3 ML로 추정하였다.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 $TiO_2$/Co/Pd 구조의 다층박막을 마그네트론 스퍼터링으로 GaAs(100), MgO(100), MgO(111), Si(100), glass와 같은 다양한 종류의 기판에 대해 제작하여 수직 자기 이방성에 대해서 연구하였다. 산소 분압 등의 $TiO_2$ 층의 증착 조건과 기판의 종류에 따른 Co/Pd 층의 수직 자기 이방성을 측정하였다. 그 결과, $TiO_2$ 층이 5 nm 이하 일 때는 기판의 종류에 영향을 받지만, 그 이상의 두께에 대해서는 MgO(111)을 제외한 기판의 영향이 크지 않음을 확인하였고, 이는 $TiO_2$ 씨앗층의 성장조건과 계면의 거칠기, 결정방향 등과 관련이 있음을 발견하였다.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2006년도 제30회 학술논문발표회 초록집
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• pp.74-74
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• 2006

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.30-36
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• 2001

The crystal structures of fully dehydrated $Pd^{2+}$ - and $TI^{+}$ -exchanged zeolite X, $Pd_{18}TI_{56}Si_{100}Al_{92}O_{384}(Pd_{18}TI_{50-}X$, a = $24.935(4)\AA$ and $Pd_{21}TI_{50}Si_{100}Al_{92}O_{384}(Pd_{21}TI_{50-}X$ a = $24.914(4)\AA)$, have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction methods in the cubic space group Fd3 at $21(1)^{\circ}C.$ The crystals were prepared using an exchange solution that had a $Pd(NH_3)_4Cl_2\;:TINO_3$ mole ratio of 50 : 1 and 200 : 1, respectively, with a total concentration of 0.05M for 4 days. After dehydration at $360^{\circ}C$ and 2 ${\times}$$10^{-6}$ Torr in flowing oxygen for 2 days, the crystals were evacuated at $21(1)^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours. They were refined to the final error indices $R_1$ = 0.045 and $R_2$ = 0.038 with 344 reflections for $Pd_{18}Tl_{56-}X$, and $R_1$ = 0.043 and $R_2$ = 0.045 with 280 reflections for $Pd_{21}Tl_{50-}X$; I > $3\sigma(I).$ In the structure of dehydrated $Pd_{18}Tl_{56-}X$, eighteen $Pd^{2+}$ ions and fourteen $TI^{+}$ ions are located at site I'. About twenty-seven $TI^{+}$ ions occupy site II recessed $1.74\AA$ into a supercage from the plane of three oxygens. The remaining fifteen $TI^{+}$ ions are distributed over two non-equivalent III' sites, with occupancies of 11 and 4, respectively. In the structure of $Pd_{21}Tl_{50-}X$, twenty $Pd^{2+}$ and ten $TI^{+}$ ions occupy site I', and one $Pd^{2+}$ ion is at site I. About twenty-three $TI^{+}$ ions occupy site II, and the remaining seventeen $TI^{+}$ ions are distributed over two different III' sites. $Pd^{2+}$ ions show a limit of exchange (ca. 39% and 46%), though their concentration of exchange was much higher than that of $TI^{+}$ ions. $Pd^{2+}$ ions tend to occupy site I', where they fit the double six-ring plane as nearly ideal trigonal planar. $TI^{+}$ ions fill the remaining I' sites, then occupy site II and two different III' sites. The two crystal structures show that approximately two and one-half I' sites per sodalite cage may be occupied by $Pd^{2+}$ ions. The remaining I' sites are occupied by $TI^{+}$ ions with Tl-O bond distance that is shorter than the sum of their ionic radii. The electrostatic repulsion between two large $TI^{+}$ ions and between $TI^{+}$ and $Pd^{2+}$ ions in the same $\beta-cage$ pushes each other to the charged six-ring planes. It causes the Tl-O bond to have some covalent character. However, $TI^{+}$ ions at site II form ionic bonds with three oxygens because the super-cage has the available space to obtain the reliable ionic bonds.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제60권4호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2022

Malaria continues to be one of the most crucial infectious burdens in endemic areas worldwide, as well as for travelers visiting malaria transmission regions. It has been reported that 8-aminoquinolines are effective against the Plasmodium species, particularly primaquine, for anti-hypnozoite therapy in P. vivax malaria. However, primaquine causes acute hemolytic anemia in individuals with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Therefore, G6PD deficiency testing should precede hypnozoite elimination with 8-aminoquinoline. Several point-of-care devices have been developed to detect G6PD deficiency. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the performance of a novel, quantitative G6PD diagnostics based on a metagenomic blue fluorescent protein (mBFP). We comparatively evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of the G6PD diagnostic modality with standard methods using 120 human whole blood samples. The G6PD deficiency was spectrophotometrically confirmed. The performance of the G6PD quantitative test kit was compared with that of a licensed control medical device, the G6PD strip. The G6PD quantitative test kit had a sensitivity of 95% (95% confidence interval (CI): 89.3-100%) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI: 94.3-100%). This study shows that the novel diagnostic G6PD quantitative test kit could be a cost-effective and time-efficient, and universally mandated screening tool for G6PD deficiency.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제36권2A호
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• pp.100-107
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• 2011

Algorithms based on the QR decomposition of the equivalent space-time channel matrix have been proved useful in the detection of V-BLAST systems. Especially, the parallel detection (PD) algorithm offers ML approaching performance up to 4 transmit antennas with reasonable complexity. We show that when directly applied to STBCs, the PD algorithm may suffer a rather significant SNR degradation over ML detection, especially at high SNRs. However, simply extending the PD algorithm to allow p ${\geq}$ 2 candidate layers, i.e. p-PD, regains almost all the loss but only at a significant increase in complexity. Here, we propose a simplification to the p-PD algorithm specific to STBCs without a corresponding sacrifice in performance. The proposed algorithm results in significant complexity reductions for moderate to high order modulations.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.269-276
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• 1993

Co/Pd 다층박막에서 두 sublayer의 층수비($n_{Co}/n_{Pd}$ = 1/4, 2/4, 3/4, 5/4), 기판온도 ($실온,\;100,\;150,\;200\;^{\circ}C$)를 달리하는 시료를 열진공 증착방법으로 제작하고 이에 대한 Hall 이력곡선을 측정하였다. 이때 나타나는 다야한 형태의 이력곡선을 Co와 Pd sublayer의 자화에 의한 transverse Hall effect 항과 magnetoresistivity 항이 중첩된 것으로 보고 이를 최적 fiting 방법으로 분해하였다. 이 결과 시료 전체의 계면 영역에 걸쳐 강자성과 반강자성인 두 자화상태가 공존하며 이들의 exchange anisotropy의 크기와 반강자성 물질에 의한 강자성 물질의 자벽 고착 효과에 따라 uniaxal 또는 unidirectional easy axis 형의 Hall 이력곡선을 형성하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제52권3호
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• pp.209-223
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate nutrition characteristics of the following major commercially available dried fish (MCDF) in South Korea: plain-dried fish [nogari (PD-N), Alaska pollock (PD-AP), red tongue sole (PD-RTS), and young tidepool gunnel (PD-YTG)], salt-dried fish [(yellow corvina (SD-YC) and red tilefish (SD-RT)], four types of boiled-dried anchovy of different sizes (BD-As), and freeze-dried fish [Pacific saury (FD-PS), Alaska pollock (FD-AP), and Katsuobushi]. The energy content of the MCDF ranged from 103.0 to 420.5 kcal per 100 g. The MCDF in nutritional and functional properties of minerals were SD-RT and Katsuobushi in calcium; none in phosphorus, sodium, or zinc; Katsuobushi in potassium and magnesium; PD-AP, SD-YC, and SD-RT in iron, PD-AP, PD-RTS, SD-YC, and SD-RT in copper; and PD-N, PD-AP, PD-RTS, SD-YC, SD-RT, FD-PS, FD-AP and Katsuobushi in manganese. The total amino acid content of the MCDF ranged from 15.85 to 71.96 g per 100 g; the major amino acids were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine, and leucine. The fatty acid content of the MCDF ranged from 0.81 to 2.93 g per 100 g. The MCFSP expected in nutritional and functional properties of vitamins were PD-N, PD-RTS, FD-PS, FD-AP, and Katsuobushi in riboflavin; PD-N, PD-AP, PD-YTG, BD-As, FD-PS, FD-AP, and Katsuobushi in niacin; PD-N, PD-RTS, SD-YC, and BD-As in vitamin A; and PD-AP, PD-YTG, SD-YC, and FD-AP in vitamin E.

• 한국수소및신에너지학회논문집
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.244-252
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• 2005

It is very interesting and important in the academic point of view and in practical use the hydrogen-induced phase separation(HIPS) which appears during hydrogen heat treatment. Since hydrogen can be removed very fast by pumping it out the hydrogen-induced new lattice phase which can not be obtained without hydrogen can be preserved as meta-stable state. In this study it has been investigated whether the HIPS appear in Pd-Al, Pd-Co, Pd-Cr, Pd-Ti, Pd-V and Pd-Zr alloys and discussed thermodynamic representation of the HIPS. The Pd alloys were arc-melted under argon atmosphere and remelted 4 or 5 times for homogenization. The alloys were annealed at 600$^{\circ}C$ under vacuum for 24 hrs and then subjected to pressure-composition isotherm measurements at 100$^{\circ}C$. The hydrogen heat treatment(HHT) of samples was carried out at 600$^{\circ}C$ under hydrogen pressure of 70 bar for 6 days and PC isotherms at 100$^{\circ}C$ were measured. By comparing the PC isotherms measured before and after HHT, occurrence of phase separation was determined. The experimental results showed that the HIPS appeared only in Pd-0.05Co alloy. For Pd-Co alloys with various composition the PC isotherms were measured. By adopting Park-Flanagan model for ternary thermodynamics the Gibbs free energy change for Pd-Co-H solid solution was calculated and subsequently with this the HIPS in Pd-Co alloy was explained fairly.

• 한국표면공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국표면공학회 2015년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.326-326
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 전해도금을 이용하여 Ni-Pd 합금도금을 형성한 후 열처리 효과를 분석하였다. 전류밀도 $0.2{\sim}1.5A/dm^2$, $PdCl_2$ 1~5mM의 변화를 통해 Ni-Pd 합금도금의 함량을 변화시켰고 $100{\sim}400^{\circ}C$의 열처리를 하였다. 열처리 온도가 올라갈수록 경도는 급격히 떨어졌고 $300^{\circ}C$이후에서는 감소하였으나 감소폭이 작았다. 경도의 감소 원인은 열처리 후 Grain Size가 커지는 현상 때문이고 이는 XRD를 통해 확인하였다. 면저항의 경우 열처리를 하였을 경우 급격히 감소하고 $100^{\circ}C$ 이후에는 일정하였다.