• BMB Reports
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.380-385
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• 2021

Proper targeting of the βPAK-interacting exchange factor (βPIX)/G protein-coupled receptor kinase-interacting target protein (GIT) complex into distinct cellular compartments is essential for its diverse functions including neurite extension and synaptogenesis. However, the mechanism for translocation of this complex is still unknown. In the present study, we reported that the conventional kinesin, called kinesin-1, can transport the βPIX/GIT complex. Additionally, βPIX bind to KIF5A, a neuronal isoform of kinesin-1 heavy chain, but not KIF1 and KIF3. Mapping analysis revealed that the tail of KIF5s and LZ domain of βPIX were the respective binding domains. Silencing KIF5A or the expression of a variety of mutant forms of KIF5A inhibited βPIX targeting the neurite tips in PC12 cells. Furthermore, truncated mutants of βPIX without LZ domain did not interact with KIF5A, and were unable to target the neurite tips in PC12 cells. These results defined kinesin-1 as a motor protein of βPIX, and may provide new insights into βPIX/GIT complex-dependent neuronal pathophysiology.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.73.1-73.1
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• 2012

We present the results of dust scattering simulations carried out for the Orion Eridanus Superbubble region by comparing them with observations made in the far-ultraviolet. The albedo and the phase function asymmetry factor (g-factor) of interstellar grains were estimated as well as the distance and thickness of the dust layers. The results are: 0.39-0.45 for the albedo and 0.25-0.65 for the g-factor, in good agreement with previous determinations and theoretical predictions. The distance of the assumed single dust layer, modeled for the Orion Molecular Cloud Complex, was estimated to be -110 pc and the thickness ranged from -130 at the core to -50 pc at the boundary for the region of the present interest, implying that the dust cloud is located in front of the Superbubble. The simulation result also indicates that a thin (-10 pc) dust shell surrounds the inner X-ray cavities of hot gas at a distance of -70-90 pc.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.98.1-98.1
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• 2012

We present the results of dust scattering simulations carried out for the Orion-Eridanus Superbubble region by comparing them with observations made in the far-ultraviolet. The albedo and the phase function asymmetry factor (g-factor) of interstellar grains were estimated, as were the distance and thickness of the dust layers. The results are as follows: [0.43]_(-0.04)^(+0.02) for the albedo and [0.43]_(-0.2)^(+0.2) for the g-factor, in good agreement with previous determinations and theoretical predictions. The distance of the assumed single dust layer, modeled for the Orion Molecular Cloud Complex, was estimated to be ~110 pc, and the thickness ranged from ~130 at the core to ~50 pc at the boundary for the region of present interest, implying that the dust cloud is located in front of the superbubble. The simulation result also indicates that a thin (~10 pc) dust shell surrounds the inner X-ray cavities of hot gas at a distance of ~70-90 pc.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.444-447
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• 2018

Baculovirus 발현 시스템은 박테리아 발현 시스템, 특히 복잡한 번역 후 변형을 필요로 하는 것과 비교하여 다량의 재조합 단백질을 생성하는 빠르고 비용 효율적인 방법을 포함하는 많은 알려진 장점을 갖는다. 특히 재조합 baculovirus는 광범위한 포유류 세포 유형에서 벡터를 전달하고 재조합 단백질을 발현 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 pcDNA3.1로부터 재구성된 baculovirus 벡터를 사용하였는데 이 벡터는 cytomegalovirus (CMV) 프로모터, uroplakin II promoter, polyhedron promoter, 수포 구내염 바이러스 G (VSVG), 녹색 형광 단백질 (EGFP), 단백질 전달 도메인 (PTD) 유전자 등 다양한 유전자들로 재조합 되어 개발되었다. 이러한 재구성 된 벡터를 다양한 세포 및 세포주에 감염시켰다. 이렇게 개발된 baculovirus 벡터는 재조합된 유전자들의 전이성 및 발현성을 기존의 일반적인 벡터와 비교하여 분석하였다. 본 연구결과로 이렇게 개발된 baculovirus 벡터는 기존의 대조군 벡터보다 전이성 및 발현성면에서 더 높은 효율을 갖는다는 것을 확인하였다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.182-187
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• 2020

When cells are stimulated by growth factors, they make a critical choice in early G₁ phase: proceed forward to S phase, remain in G₁, or revert to G₀ phase. Once the critical decision is made, cells execute a fixed program independently of extracellular signals. The specific stage at which the critical decision is made is called the restriction point or R-point. The existence of the R-point raises a major question: what is the nature of the molecular machinery that decides whether or not a cell in G₁ will continue to advance through the cell cycle or exit from the cell cycle? The R-point program is perturbed in nearly all cancer cells. Therefore, exploring the nature of the R-point decision-making machinery will provide insight into how cells consult extracellular signals and intracellular status to make an appropriate R-point decision, as well into the development of cancers. Recent studies have shown that expression of a number of immediate early genes is associated with the R-point decision, and that the decision-making program constitutes an oncogene surveillance mechanism. In this review, we briefly summarize recent findings regarding the mechanisms underlying the context-dependent R-point decision.

• 천문학회보
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.98.2-98.2
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• 2012

We firstly present the unified Far-UV continuum map of the Taurus-Auriga-Perseus (TPA) complex, one of the largest local associations of dark cloud located in (l, b)=([154,180], [-28, -2]), by merging both FIMS and GALEX. The FUV continuum map shows that dust extinction correlate well with the FUV around the complex. It shows strong absorption in FUV toward the dense Taurus cloud while it does not in California cloud. It turned out that it is related to the relative location of each cloud and Perseus OB2 association. We also present some results of dust scattering simulation based on Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer technique (MCRT). Through this dust scattering simulation, we have derived the scattering parameter for this region, albedo(a)=$0.42^{+0.05}{_{-0.05}}$, asymmetry factor(g)=$0.47^{+0.11}{_{-0.27}}$. The optical parameters we obtained seem reasonable compared to the theoretical model values ~0.40 and ~0.65 for the albedo and the phase function though the phase function is rather small. Using the result of simulation, we figured out the geometries of each cloud in the complex region, especially their distances and thicknesses. Our predictions from the results are in good agreement with the previous studies related to the TPA complex. For example, the Taurus cloud is within ~200pc from the Sun and the Perseus seems to be multi-layered, at least two. The California cloud is more distant than the other cloud on average at ~350 pc and Auriga cloud seems to be between the Taurus cloud and the eastern end of the California cloud. We figured out that across the TPA complex region, there might be some correlation between the LSR velocity and the distance to each cloud in the complex.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권16호
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• pp.6963-6966
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• 2015

Background: During the past few years, Hesa-A, a herbal-marine mixture, has been used to treat cancer as an alternative medicine in Iran. Based on a series of studies, it is speculated that Hesa-A possesses special cytotoxic effects on invasive tumors. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the selective anticancer effects of Hesa-A on several cancer cell lines with different metastatic potential. Materials and Methods: Hesa-A was prepared in normal saline as a stock solution of 10 mg/ml and further diluted to final concentrations of $100{\mu}/ml$, $200{\mu}g/ml$, $300{\mu}g/ml$ and $400{\mu}g/ml$. MTT-based cytotoxicity assays were performed with A549 (lung non small cancer), MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma), SKOV3 (ovarian cancer), and PC-3 (prostate adenocarcinoma) cells. Results: All treated cancer cells showed significant (P<0.01) or very significant (P<0.0001) differences in comparison to negative control at almost all of the tested doses ($100-400{\mu}g/ml$). At the lower dose ($100{\mu}g/ml$), Hesa-A reduced cell viability to 66%, 45.3%, 35.5%, 33.2% in SKOV3, A549, PC-3 and MCF-7 cells, respectively. Moreover, at the highest dose ($400{\mu}g/ml$), Hesa-A resulted in 88.5%, 86.6%, 84.9% and 79.3% growth inhibition in A549, MCF-7, PC-3 and SKOV3 cells, respectively. Conclusions: Hesa-A exert potent cytotoxic effects on different human cancer cells, especially those with a high metastatic potential.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2003

Viral and non-viral vectors have been used in the delivery of genetic materials into animal cells and tissues, with each approach having pros and cons. Non-viral vectors have many useful merits such as easy preparation, low immunity and size tolerance of a transgene when compared to those of viral vectors. Delivery specificity may be achieved by complex formation between receptor ligands and a non-viral vector. In the present study, non-viral vector systems are investigated in an effort to find a practical delivery means for gene therapy, Receptor-ligand interaction between transferrin-receptor and transferrin was utilized for efficient gene transfer into cancer cells. A plasmid vector, pcDNA3 (LacZ) was ligated with a small duplexed oligo fragment in which a Biotin- VN$^{TM}$ phosphoramidite was placed in the middle of the oligo. The plasmid vector labeled by biotin was then conjugated with biotin-labeled transferrin via streptavidin. This trimeric conjugates were delivered to a hepatoma cell line, HepG2. The delivery efficiency of the trimeric conjugate was 2-fold higher than that of cationic liposomes used for transfection of a plasmid vector. These results demonstrate that a plasmid vector can be efficiently transferred into cells by forming a trimeric complex of plasmid vector-linker-ligand.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제7권6호
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• pp.1416-1420
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• 2006

3원 교잡종 (Landrace$\times$Yorkshire$\times$Duroc) 육성돈 72두를 공시하였으며, 시험 개시시 체중은 24.64$\pm$2.46kg이었다. 시험설계는 1)NC(basal diet; antibiotics free diet), 2) PC (NC diet + 0.1% antibiotics; chlortetracycline 0.05% + neomycin 0.05%), 3)DFM0.1(NC diet + 0.1% DFM)와 4)DFM0.3(NC diet + 0.3% DFM)의 4개 처리를 하여 처리당 6 반복, 반복당 3마리씩 완전임의 배치하였다. 총 사양시험 기간 동안, 일당증체량은 PC, DFM0.3, DFM0.1과 NC의 순으로 각각 806g, 781g, 774g및 753g으로 나타났으나, 유의적인 차이는 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 사료효율에 있어서는 처리구간 유의적인 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 혈액 내 IgG(Immunoglobulin G), WBC(White blood cell)함량에 있어서는 생균제를 0.3%첨가한 처리구에서 가장 높은 경향을 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었으며(P>0.05), RBC(Red blood cell)함량에 있어서는 처리구간 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았다(P>0.05). 결론적으로 육성돈에 있어서 Lactic acid bacteria를 기초로한 복합생균제의 첨가, 급여 수준의 증가에 따라 성장 능력과 혈액성상이 개선시키는 영향을 주지 못하였다.

• 폴리머
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.19-24
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• 2005

폴리프로필렌(PP)을 포함한 고분자 블렌드에 상용화제를 첨가하여 이축압출기를 통해 시편을 제조하였으며, universal testing machine(UTM), lzod 충격 시험기를 사용하여 물성을 측정하였다. PP/acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene(ABS) 블렌드의 경우, PP-g-styrene acrylonitrile(PP-g-SAN) 상용화제의 첨가에 의해 기계적 물성이 증가하였으며, ethylene-ethyl acrylate-maleic anhydride(E-EA-MAH-g-SAN) 상용화제의 첨가에 의해서 연성이 증가하는 결과를 나타내었다. PP/ABS/polycarbonate(PC)/Nylon-6,6 블렌드의 경우, ethylene glycidylmethacrylate(E-GMA) 상용화제를 0.5 phr 첨가함에 따라 충격강도가 증가하는 결과를 나타내었다. PP/ABS/PC/Nylon-6,6/poly(methyl methacrylate)(PMMA)/poly(oxymethylene)(POM)/poly(vinyl acetate)(PVC)/poly(butylenes terephthalate)(PBT) 블렌드에서 PP-g-SAN 같은 물리적 상용화제와 E-GMA 와 E-EA-MAH-g-SAN 같은 반응상용화제의 복합적인 작용으로 인해 블렌드의 기계적 물성이 증가된 결과를 나타내었다.