• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 2008

Video-on-demand (VOD) service allows subscribers to view any video whenever they want. With the development of the high speed computer networks, web-based VOD services are available. To support VOD services, charging scheme is necessary. Pay-per-view is an effective charging scheme for VOD services. Pay-per-view allows the subscribers to pay for what they have viewed. Privacy is another important attribute for VOD services. The subscribers may not want to reveal what they have viewed to anyone including the VOD provider. Anonymity makes it complicated to calculate charge for the VOD service. An approach that achieves both anonymity and pay-per-view charge calculation is necessary. In this paper, anonymous web-based VOD service is proposed. The proposed approach also gives pay-per-view capability.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.685-687
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• 2001

인터넷이 활성화되면서 다양한 웹 기반 서비스가 제공되어진다. 그 가운데 하나가 VOD(Video On Demand) 서비스이다. VOD는 다양한 프로그램을 사용자가 원하는 시점에 볼 수 있도록 한다. VOD 서비스를 유료화할 경우 시청한 양만큼 요금을 지불하는 pay-per-view 방법을 생각할 수 있다. Pav-per-view방식으로 서비스를 하는 경우 사용자는 각 프로그램을 시청한 양에 따라 요금이 부과되고 서비스 제공자는 부과된 요금이 정당함을 보증하는 공정성을 제공하여야 한다. 또한 사용자의 시청 내역을 타인으로부터 보호하는 기밀성이 보장되어야 한다. 이 연구에서는 기밀성과 공정성을 제공하는 웹 기반 pay-per-view 방식을 개발하였다. 이 논문에서 제안된 pay-per-view 방식은 대칭키 암호 기법을 이용하여 내용 및 자료 요청에 대한 기밀성을 제공하며 전자 서명과 다중 해쉬를 사용하여 사용자의 요금 부과에 대한 공정성을 제공한다. 또한 제안된 방식은 반복적으로 시청되는 내용에 요금을 차등하게 부과할 수 있는 유연성을 가지고 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2003.05c
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• pp.2229-2232
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• 2003

인터넷이 활성화되면서 다양한 서비스가 제공되어지고 있다. 그 가운데 하나가 MOD(Multimedia on Demand) 서비스이다. MOD는 다양한 프로그램을 사용자가 원하는 시점에 볼 수 있도록 한다. MOD 서비스를 유료화 할 경우 시청한 양만큼 요금을 지불하는 pay-per-view 방법을 생각할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 RTP(Realtime Tansport Protocol)/RTSP(Real Time Streaming Protocol)를 이용한 스트리밍 서버와 클라이언트를 구현하고 여기에 PPV(Pay-Per-View)를 적용해 본다.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.205-221
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• 2001

It will become more and more popular to use the long-term care facilities and home health care services with the chronic disease increasing. It depends on how much the consumers would pay and purchase the services. They might get more benefits from that kind of services than from ordinary hospitalization. So far, the study of determining the medical service price has focused most often on the efforts from the providers' view. But it must be reasonable to include the consumers' value for the service. This study was performed to assess WTP(Willingness to Pay) for home health care service in order to apply to the determination of nursing price in a reasonable manner. In this study, respondents were asked if they would pay for the service's intangible benefits under the four different types(open-ended minimum WTP, open-ended maximum WTP, bidding WTP, referendum WTP). The contingent valuation method is a potentially useful tool in understanding how people value the benefits of the service. As a result, average open-ended minimum WTP was W16,015 per day among 65 respondents. Average open-ended maximum WTP was W29,154 per day among 65 respondents. Average bidding WTP was W26,300 per day among 65 respondents. Average referendum WTP was W22,200 per day among 70 respondents. The results of regression analyses were also consistent with theoretical prediction, e.g., increasing WTP with consumers' value for the service, state of patients, and household income. This study demonstrated that it was more reasonable to consider the consumers' value in determining the services' price. In addition, a further study is needed to test the validity of this CV method and to determine a proper nursing price based on the consumers' view.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2011

A conditional access system is an essential element in IPTV services enabling service providers to allow authorized access to their services only to paid subscribers. Currently, there are two types of IPTV service models, namely PPC (pay-per-channel) and PPV (pay-per-view). However, a more desirable model would be the flexible PPC model, in which subscribers are free to choose any combination of preferred channels and add/remove channels independently. In this paper, we first point out that a previously proposed key management scheme for F-PPC is not secure. We then propose a new conditional access system using 4-level key hierarchy to realize secure F-PPC services. Compared to existing schemes, the proposed system is very efficient, just requiring O(1) communication for key update.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.36
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• pp.348-373
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• 2006

In the era of digital media, one of the most distinctive characteristics is the activity what audience play. This characteristic can be particularly demonstrated in the case of PPV(Pay-Per-View) use. Since this service is related with payment by audience according to each behaviour of their own media use. In doing so, this paper explores the characteristics and behavioral pattern in PPV use. In particular, the study tries to predict from the result that which trait of characteristic can explain the adoption of PPV. The analytical result shows that PPV users are much more active in gathering information as well as achieving the diversity in terms of program choice compared to non PPV users. At the same time, PPV users are prone to be unsatisfied against the other media and naturally willing to adopt the new media. PPV users are much more keen to use toward age related programme classification system in order to protect their children from inappropriate programmes. The variable of participational behaviour is the most relevant variable to predict the degree of PPV use, however, it fails to predict to distinguish the PPV users group from non PPV users group. It maybe given as a conclusion that PPV users are much more active in not only choosing their own program they like to watch but also planning ahead for maximising their pleasure from viewing.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.185-196
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• 2016

A digital cable broadcasting service is a multimedia broadcasting service that provides high definition and various supplementary services by using digital transmission. Korea implemented a complete digital broadcasting service by 2012. This study applied a choice experiment to investigate consumer preferences, and it calculated the marginal willingness to pay for this service. Moreover, we employed a multinomial probit model to relax the assumption that all respondents have the same preference for attributes being valued. The results suggest that respondents value channels, definition, video-on-demand (VOD) service, pay-per-view (PPV) service, and commerce based on TV (T-commerce). On the other hand, online gaming may be less important as an attribute for digital cable broadcasting service in Korea.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.105-138
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• 2018

This paper reports novel empirical results of a choice experiment that elicited the economic values that residents in the Seoul metropolitan area place on the amenity services realized from the landscape views and accessibilities to urban green spaces (i.e., mountains, rivers and urban parks). The 1,000 respondents in the sample were divided into two residential of housing types (apartments vs. houses) and occupancy types (owners vs. tenants). Residents living in apartments are willing to pay an average of 28% (5.0 million KRW per year) above the current housing prices per household for a mountain view, compared to an apartment view from their living room. Their willingness to pay values are about 22% (4.0 million KRW per year) and 10% (1.8 million KRW per year) respectively for a river view and a urban park view. Economic benefits of having access (i.e., a 10 minutes working distance) to mountains, rivers and urban parks are estimated to be an average of 16% (2.9 million KRW per year), 20% (3.6 million KRW per year) and 18% (3.2 million KRW per year), respectively, above the current housing prices per household. On the other hand, access benefits for those residing in houses are 18% (4.7 million KRW per year), 16% (4.1 million KRW per year) and 22% (5.6 million KRW per year) per household, respectively. They are also willing to pay an average of 35% (8.9 million KRW per year) above the current housing prices for keeping or having a garden or vegetation bed. Furthermore, a strong "greenspace premium" is centered around the three Gangnam districts for house-dwellers, whereas it is areas of "new real estate boom" for apartment dwellers.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.173-178
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• 2008

With the discontinuation of analog broadcasting in 2012, the cable broadcasters are investing in the conversion to DCATV (Digital Cable TV). DCATV is providing various broadcast of high quality to audiences through paid broadcasting called PPV (Pay Per View). Such services are using various kinds of CASs (Conditional Access System) in order to verify the viewing rights of subscriber. In addition, to respond to the fast changing environment of digital broadcast, not only simple digitalization of broadcast but also services such as PVR (Personal Video Recorder) and VOD (Video On Demand) are provided to subscribers. Because these additional services have many difficult areas to cover with traditional CAS alone, a new plan has become necessary. With the improvement of related regulations in 2008, the test service of IPTV (Internet Protocol TV) which is a broadcast service through the internet started. Because like DCATV, IPTV also sets the real time broadcast and the VOD service as the basic services, the use of appropriate CAS is required. In this study, the CASs for DCATV and IPTV undergo comparative analysis, and the development direction which will benefit both subscribers and broadcasting companies is suggested.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1375-1378
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• 2008

아날로그방송 중단을 앞두고 케이블방송은 디지털 CATV 로 전환하기 위해 노력 중이다. 이를 위해 케이블방송은 단순히 방송의 디지털화 뿐만 아니라, PPV(Pay Per View), PVR(Personal Video Recorder), VOD(Video On Demand) 와 같은 서비스를 가입자에게 제공하기 시작했다. 이와 같은 서비스들은 대부분 유료서비스로 가입자의 수신권한을 확인하기 위해 다양한 종류의 CAS(Conditional Access System)를 사용하고 있다. 2008년 관련법의 정비와 함께 IPTV(Internet Protocol TV) 시범서비스가 시작 되었는데, IPTV 역시 실시간 방송, VOD 서비스를 기본 서비스로 규정하고 있기 때문에 CAS 의 사용이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 디지털 CATV 와 IPTV 에서 사용하는 수신제한시스템을 분석하고, 가입자와 방송사업자 모두에게 도움이 되는 발전방향이 무엇인지 제시하고자 한다.