• 대한교통학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 2012

한국이 UN 자동차 법규 표준화 기구(WP29) 주관의 소형차 배출가스 시험방법 국제 표준화(WLTP/DHC) 연구에 참여하게 됨에 따라 우리나라의 도로 종류 별, 주행 시간대 별 주행패턴 측정이 요구되었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 WP29에서 제안한 주행패턴 표준화 방법을 토대로, 우리나라의 도로 교통 특성을 반영한 실 도로 주행패턴을 측정하고, 대표성을 갖는 도로 종류 별 주행 시간대별 총 7가지 유형의 주행패턴을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 이동식 차량활동도 모니터링 장비(PAMS)를 이용하여 35,410km의 실주행자료를 수집하였으며, 각 유형별로 분석된 주행패턴은 서로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2020

Accurate knowledge of land use/land cover (LULC) features and their relative changes over upon the time are essential for sustainable urban management. Urban sprawl growth has been always also a worldwide concern that needs to carefully monitor particularly in a developing country where unplanned building constriction has been expanding at a high rate. Recently, remotely sensed imageries with a very high spatial/spectral resolution and state of the art machine learning approaches sent the urban classification and growth monitoring to a higher level. In this research, we classified the Quickbird satellite imagery by object-based image analysis of Dempster-Shafer (OBIA-DS) for the years of 2002 and 2015 at Karbala-Iraq. The real LULC changes including, residential sprawl expansion, amongst these years, were identified via change detection procedure. In accordance with extracted features of LULC and detected trend of urban pattern, the future LULC dynamic was simulated by using land transformation model (LTM) in geospatial information system (GIS) platform. Both classification and prediction stages were successfully validated using ground control points (GCPs) through accuracy assessment metric of Kappa coefficient that indicated 0.87 and 0.91 for 2002 and 2015 classification as well as 0.79 for prediction part. Detail results revealed a substantial growth in building over fifteen years that mostly replaced by agriculture and orchard field. The prediction scenario of LULC sprawl development for 2030 revealed a substantial decline in green and agriculture land as well as an extensive increment in build-up area especially at the countryside of the city without following the residential pattern standard. The proposed method helps urban decision-makers to identify the detail temporal-spatial growth pattern of highly populated cities like Karbala. Additionally, the results of this study can be considered as a probable future map in order to design enough future social services and amenities for the local inhabitants.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.160-164
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• 2021

Oculocutaneous albinism (OCA) is a group of rare genetically heterogeneous disorders, characterized by hypopigmentation of the eyes, skin, and hair, which result in ocular abnormalities and a risk of developing skin cancer. Currently, there is no ophthalmologic procedure or drug that prevents the clinical features of OCA. Here, we report a new type of OCA in two, unrelated Korean families with the same OCA2 mutation. Affected individuals in this study are different from those of previous reports in two aspects: an inheritance pattern and clinical presentation. All reported patients with OCA have shown an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern, while our patients showed an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Small amounts of pigment can be acquired with age in OCA, but there is no substantial variation from adolescence to adulthood in this regard. A case where the patient attained normal pigmentation levels has never been reported. However, our patients displayed completely normal pigmentation in their late twenties. Whole exome sequencing and in-silico analysis revealed a novel mutation, OCA2 c.2338G>A p.(G780S) (NM_000275) with a high likelihood of pathogenicity. Sanger sequencing of p.G780S identified the same mutation in the affected individuals, which was not found in the family members with normal phenotype. We hypothesize that OCA2 G780S not only acts as a pathogenic variant of OCA but also induces pigmentation by enhancing the melanogenesis gene expression of other modifier genes, such as SLC45A2 and TPC2. These findings may provide further understanding of melanin biosynthesis and new treatment methods for OCA.

• 감성과학
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.617-626
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• 2011

인구 구성층의 고령화가 급진전되고 있는 현 상황에서 고령 사용자를 배려한 사용 편리성이 제고된 제품개발의 필요성이 중요시 되고 있다. 본 연구는 고령자가 일상생활을 유지하는데 있어서 사용 의존도가 높은 가전제품과 기본 기능의 원만한 조작에 불편함을 느끼는 가전제품들을 중심으로 고령자의 사용행동 정황을 분석하고 사용행동순서를 도식화하였다. 그리고 도식화된 순서에 본 조사 대상에 포함되지 않은 다양한 생활가전제품을 대입시켜 최종적으로 4가지 유형의 가전제품 사용자행동모델을 도출하였다. 유니버설디자인 개념과 마찬가지로 신체적 기능능력 특성이 저하된 고령자들도 사용이 편리한 제품 디자인은 그 외 폭넓은 다양한 사용자층에게도 수용될 것으로 기대된다. 도출되어진 사용자행동모델은 제품기획 및 디자인 문제 해결안 탐색을 위한 디자인 프로세스에서 레퍼런스 제공을 목적으로 하고 있다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 교량 모니터링 시스템의 일부분으로 서해대교에 설치된 교량 하중측정 시스템(BWIM system)으로부터 획득한 신호를 분석하여 통행차량의 정보를 추출하기 위한 알고리즘의 개발과정과 이를 위해 수행한 현장 차량주행시험에 대하여 기술하였다. 개발된 BWIM 시스템은 포장층에 매설하는 축감지기가 없는 형태로, 바닥판과 가로보에 설치된 변형률계로부터 측정한 시간이력 변형률신호만을 이용하였다. 이들 측정신호로부터 추출하고자 하는 차량의 정보는 통과차로, 통과속도, 차 축수 및 총 중량이며, 이들 정보의 추출을 위해 패턴인식기법의 일종인 인공신경망(Aritificial Neural Network, ANN) 기법을 사용하였다. 현장 차량주행시험을 통하여 기지차량 및 미지차량 통행시의 BWIM 응답 데이터를 측정하였으며, 이들 실측데이터를 사용하여 인공신경망의 학습 및 성능검증을 수행하였다. 개발된 기법을 사용하여 추출되는 차량의 정보들은 현재의 교량상태 및 피로수명 평가시 활용될 수 있을 것이며, 향후 설계트럭 하중모델의 개정시 기초자료로도 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 재활복지공학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 다자유도 동적 하네스 시스템 개발을 위해 일상동작에서와 트레드밀 보행 시 하네스 체중 지지에 따른 하지 동작 패턴에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 건강한 성인 남성 5명을 대상으로 일상생활 동작과 하네스 체중지지에 따른 좌, 우 대퇴직근, 외측광근, 전경골근, 외측 비복근과 족압을 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 일상생활 동작 수행 시 EMG는 각 구분 동작들에 따른 특이적인 근육 활성을 나타내었다. 슬관절의 굴곡과 신전을 요하는 앉기, 서기, 계단 오르기, 계단 내리기 동작에서의 외측광근의 활성이 두드러졌다. 족압 분포의 경우 일상생활 동작 중 중력방향으로 내려오는 계단 내려오기 동작에서 가장 큰 족압 분포 값을 보였다. 수동형 하네스 체중 지지율이 증가에 따라 근육 활성도와 족압 분포 값은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 체중지지를 통한 보행 훈련이 체중지지율 변화에 따라 다양한 환자 군에 적용 시킬 수 있을 것이다 판단된다.

• 복식
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.49-69
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• 2003

The purpose of the study is to develop the competitive swimming suit design with Korean traditional images. which excels in dimension of functionality, aesthetics, and symbolism. To accomplish this study, first. a theoretical examination about Korean image was added, on the basis of the practical research about professional swimmers' preferences as well as the theoretical research about the history of swimming suits and the qualifications of competitive swimming suits in the prior study. Next, practical designing was performed to achieve the creative designs according to Lamb & Kallal's design process. and the superiority of the newly designed swimming suits was evaluated by using Grant's alpha-beta model. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : First. in the problem apprehension stage. the need for swimming suit designs with Korean traditional images for professional swimmers was acknowledged, and three major criteria. which are functionality, aesthetics. and symbolism has been verified. Second. in the preliminary brainstorming stage, considerable amounts of data for the design concept considering the criteria above have been gathered. The athletic one-piece for women and the brief for men in style and nylon/lycra in fabric were used in the aspect of functionality. And the S Korean traditional colors in color and Tae-guk motive and others in pattern were selected to apply Korean traditional images in the aspects of aesthetics and symbolism. Finally, the 13 series of creative designs with 4 themes( l17pieces in total) have been suggested. Third, in the design improvement stage. after the preference to each design was surveyed, reformation of the designs was arranged on the basis of the results. Fourth, in the prototyping stage. the 17 actual prototypes, including 13 pieces for women and 4 pieces for men were produced. Fifth. in the evaluation stage. the evaluation procedure using Grant's alpha-beta model was performed. As a result, the newly designed swimming suits were rated above other existing ones in all three aspects of functionality, aesthetics, and symbolism.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.897-903
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• 2006

The reduction of the vehicle interior noise has been the main interest of noise and vibration harshness (NVH) engineers. The driver's perception on the vehicle noise is affected largely by psychoacoustic characteristic of the noise as well as the SPL. In particular, the heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system sound among the vehicle interior noise has been reflected sensitively in psychoacoustics view point. Even though the HVAC noise is not louder than overall noise level, it clearly affects subjective perception to drivers in the way of making to be nervous or annoyed. Therefore, these days a vehicle engineer takes aim at developing sound quality as well as reduction of noise. In this paper, we acquired noises in the HVAC from many vehicles. Through the objective and subjective sound quality (SQ) evaluation with acquiring noises recorded by the vehicle HVAC system, the simple and multiple regression models were obtained for the subjective evaluation 'Pleasant' using the semantic differential method (SDM). The regression procedure also allows you to produce diagnostic statistics to evaluate the regression estimates including appropriation and accuracy. Furthermore, the neural network (NN) model were obtained using three inputs(loudness, sharpness and roughness) of the SQ metrics and one output(subjective 'Pleasant'). Because human's perception is very complex and hard to estimate their pattern, we used NN model. The estimated models were compared with correlations between output indexes of SQ and hearing test results for verification data 'Pleasant'. As a result of application of the SQ indexes, the NN model was shown with the largest correlation of SQ indexes and we found possibilities to predict the SQ metrics.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Reports
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.8-18
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• 2021

Although many guidelines for pancreatic cystic neoplasms focus on the management of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas (IPMN) at the highest oncological risk, there are many issues that surgeons need to consider at the time to plan the surgical procedures based on characteristics of IPMN subtypes, such as multiplicity of branch duct-IPMN (BD-IPMN) and intraductal spreading of main duct-IPMN (MD-IPMN). For multifocal BD-IPMN, partial pancreatectomy would be selected to remove BD-IPMN with predictors of malignancy, while the other lesions without risk factors can be left, although total pancreatectomy might be considered if the patients have a strong family history of pancreatic cancer. Partial pancreatectomy would be also adequate procedure for MD-IPMN if negative surgical margin for high-grade dysplasia or invasive carcinoma were achieved. It has become to be well-known that patients with BD-IPMN are at increased risk for developing not only IPMN-associated pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) but also PDAC independent from the IPMN. Hence, the detection of a concomitant PDAC is also an important focus for strategies after resection of BD-IPMNs. Our recent analysis of patients after partial pancreatectomy for MD-IPMN with negative surgical margin identified an unexpected recurrence pattern, which we called "monoclonal skip" recurrence. MD-IPMN seems to be disseminated in the pancreatic ductal systems and MD-IPMN with identical genetic background was detected in the remnant pancreas even in a long time after index surgery. We proposed strategies of postoperative surveillance based on characteristics and natural history of each morphological subtype.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.146-153
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• 2009

현재, 3GPP, IETF 등에서 차세대 네트워크(NGN, Next Generation Network)에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 다양한 생활 패턴에 따른 빈번한 이동성에도 불구하고, 원하는 서비스를 항상 원하는 시간, 장소에 구애받지 않고 자기가 소유하고 있는 단말을 이용하여 서비스를 받기를 원하는 사용자의 요구사항을 반영하기 위해 차세대 네트워크(NGN)는 다양해지는 어플리케이션 개발에 대응하기 위해 IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)가 구축되고 있으며, 또한 펨토셀/WiBro/3G등의 다양한 무선 억세스 네트워크로 구성된 계층적 네트워크 구축되고 있다. 이와 같이 무선 멀티 억세스 네트워크로 구성된 계층적 네트워크에서의 사용자가 네트워크 선택하기 위해서는 기존 무선품질 이외에 사용자 프로파일과 네트워크 부하량 등을 고려한 최적의 네트워크 선택 기준이 필요하다. 또한 핸드오버의 판단을 멀티모드 단말에서 수행하는 기존 방법 사용할 경우 발생할 수 있는 핸드오버 핑퐁현상을 억제하고, 보다 정확한 계층적 핸드오버를 수행하기 위한 방법이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 멀티모드 단말 개발의 용이성과 다양한 억세스 네트워크의 선택 및 등록에 관한 고려사항을 검토하여, 사용자 프로파일을 반영하여 IMS를 포함한 계층적 네트워크에서의 SIP-MIH(Session Initiation Protocol-Media Independent Handover)를 기반으로 하는 무선 멀티 억세스 네트워크의 선택 기법과 계층적 핸드오버 절차에 대해 제안한다.