• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.281-299
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• 1990

The organization of nursing department Significantly effects the hospital management. Especially, The head nurse is one of the most important position because head nurse is a first-line manager in the hospital level, a middle manager in nursing service organizations level and the top manager in each nursing unit level. This study was attempted to show the ideal model and nile by compare head nurses' role perception with staff nurses' role expectation according to two types of hospital. The survey was conducted among 94 head nurses and 233 staff nurses who are working at 5 different University Hospitals over 600 beds and 93 head nurses and 218 staff nurses Who are working at 12 different General Hospitals between 100∼300 beds in Seoul. The data was collected in a period from 8th September to 13th October in 1989 and the instrument used for this study was based on Han's one and reffered back to many literary sources and revised. The collected data was analysed by computer using S.P.S.S. program as a Mean, Percentage, Cronbach's alpha, Chi-Square, t-test and ANOVA. 1. The study was compared to the difference of the two subject group's general characteristics according to a type of hospital. As a relult, there were significant differences in age, educational background and career. 2. This Study was compared to the difference of the two subject group's role perception and role expection about each question according to a type of hospital. The result of this comparisons as follows : First, These were the most important issue between both groups : “Head nurse has to know about her staff's events and problems and then help them to solve that promptly.” Second, These were the least important issue between both groups : “Head nurse has an interview with patient's family and visitors”, “Head nurse is interested in her staff's privacy.” 3. This study was compared to the differences of each role areas according to a type of hospital. As a result, there were no significant differences both two subject groups except nursing manager role in staff nurses' group(t＝-2.893, df＝449.0, p＝0.004). 4. This study was tested to the difference of the two subject groups according to general characteristics. As a result, All of that there were no significant differences.

• 대한심미치과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.7-18
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• 2007

There is now an increased demand for harmony between the peri-implant gingiva and adjacent dentition. In the event of a pending loss of a single tooth in the aesthetic zone with healthy periodontium, expectation for optimal gingival and prosthodontic aesthetics are often very high. Unfortunately, bone resorption is common following the removal of an anterior tooth, compromising the gingival tissue levels for the eventual implant restoration. Also, improper implant placement and inadequate osseous-gingival support potentially deleterious aesthetic result. The creation of an esthetic implant restoration with gingival architecture that harmonizes with the adjacent dentitionis formidable challenge. The predictability of the peri-implant esthetic outcome may ultimately be determined by the patient's own presenting anatomy rather than the clinician's ability to manage state-of-the-art procedures. To more accurately predict the peri-implant esthetic outcome before removing a failing tooth, a considering of diagnostic keys is essential. This presentation addresses the useful diagnostic keys that affect the predictability of peri-implant gingival aesthetics and the overcoming of the risk factors in anterior single-tooth replacement; it also describes a surgical and prosthodontic technique in achieving a long term successful esthetic outcome. Proper diagnosis and understanding of the biological and periodontal variables of failing dentition and their response to surgical and prosthodontic procedures are the essence of predictability. Using a smart protocol that alters the periodontium toward less risk and more favorable assessment of the diagnostic keys before implant placement will provide the most predictable esthetic outcome. Simple diagnostic keys suggested this presentation are useful method to evaluate the overcoming of the risk factors in anterior single implant restoration.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.293-303
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to understand and to explain how were nursing students experienced and accepted the fundemental nursing practice. In addition to, the results of this study are attempted to contribute for offer of basic data in projecting and accomplishing to promote quality practice education. The participants were 79 freshmen of S College of Nursing in kyungi-do. They presented record of feeling and thinking on their the fundemental nursing practice experience. The data were collected from 29, J une to 10, July in 1998. Collected data was analyzed by means of Van Kaam's phenomenological method. The results of this study was founded 423 descriptive expression and they were grouped under 42 common factors and they were grouped under 9 categories. By means of the frequency on the categories. the higher category is Anxiety. next Solemn. Flutter. Pride. Usefulness, Recognition of reality in nursing-system. Lack of practice environment. Self-accusation. Comprehension of nursing spirit were founded. 5 common factors. Tension. Difficulty, Dread. Apprehension, Burden were grouped under Anxiety. 7 common factors, Pledge, Memory, Importance of practice, Sincerity, Restriction of dress, Acceptance, Active attitude were grouped under solemn. 5 common factors, Interest, Strange, Beanimated, Waiting, Curiosity were grouped under Flutter. 5 common factors, Conceit, Self-confidence, Skilled, Worth, Accomplishment were grouped under Pride. 6 common factors, Acknowledge of nursing affairs, Expectation of furture, Fascination of nursing. Acquirement of disposition of nurse, Association of injection, Actual feeling of dept. of nursing were grouped under Recognition of reality in nursing-system. 4 common factors, Lack of practice time, Many persons of practice, Lack of practice instrument, Lack of reality were grouped under Lack of practice envirnment. 5 common factors, Inconvenient, Reflection, Loss of pride, Shyness, Feeling sorry were grouped under Self-accusation. 3 common factors, Utility, Connection of practice and theory, Various experience were grouped under Usefulness. 2 common factors, Comprehension on the dignity of human, Comprehension on a point of view of patient were grouped under Comprehension of nursing spirit. In conclusion, the following recommendation should be necessary a supplementary study to approach on the type of students that has a firm view and care about client prior to clinical nursing practice.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.30-37
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• 2017

Background: We investigated the impact of financial compensation on patients' decision of participation in clinical trials and the related factors with patients' attitudes and considerations. Methods: A survey questionnaire was placed from October 31 to November 16, 2017 to the subjects who were enrolled in the trials of chronic diseases. Patients' socio-demographic characteristics were collected and the potential reasons for participating in the trials were assessed using 5-likert scores. Results: Sixty eight of 110 respondents (61.8%) indicated to participate clinical trials regardless of financial compensation. The differences were found between patients who were unwilling to participate without compensation and those who were willing to participate regardless of compensation in mean ages (43.9 years vs. 52.0 years, p<0.05), marital status (married, 47.6% vs 79.4%, p<0.01), religions (yes, 45.2% vs 67.6%, p<0.05) and monthly income (${\geq}3$ million won, 19.0% vs 45.6%, p<0.01). The potential reasons for participation in the trials between two groups were doctor's suggestion (52.4% vs. 77.9%, p<0.01), the expectation of health improvement (54.8% vs. 73.5%, p<0.05), the types and numbers of procedure (33.3% vs. 16.2%, p<0.05) and the duration of clinical trials (59.5% vs. 27.9%, p=0.001). In regression analysis, the monthly income of ${\geq}3$ million won (odd ratio, OR=3.221, p=0.026,) and the duration of trials (OR=0.290, p=0.017) were related to the group with the willingness to participate regardless of compensation. Conclusion: This stady showed that more than half of study subjects would participate in the clinical trials of chronic diseases regardless of financial compensation.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.324-333
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a simulation module for teaching home health care and evaluate the applicability of the program to nursing students' practical training. Methods: The simulation module was developed based on the National League for Nursing Jeffries Simulation Theory. The theme of the developed scenario was teaching nasogastric tube feeding to the caregiver of patient with Parkinson disease. Participants were 61 nursing students who had learned tube feeding, and participated in the questionnaire survey after the simulation training. Results: The evaluation of simulation design showed the highest score on feedback/guided reflection, and was highly evaluated in the order of objectives/information, problem solving and fidelity. The educational practice of the simulation was highly evaluated in the order of active learning, high expectation and diversity of learning. The nursing students showed high satisfaction and self-confidence after the simulation education. Conclusion: We suggest that the developed simulation module can be applied to practical training for home health care. In the future, the change of self-efficacy, clinical judgment and performance ability of the students after the simulation education should be identified. Also, various simulation modules related to the community health nursing competencies should be continuously developed and verified.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.281-288
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• 2014

본 연구는 울산시에 소재하는 H기업 예비군 동원훈련에 참여한 307명을 대상으로 보철물(틀니, 브릿지)과 임플란트 기대 수준에 대한 인식을 조사하고, 환자교육 및 상담에 기초자료로 활용하고자 한다. 보철물 기대수준의 신뢰도 cronbach'${\alpha}$는 .971, 임플란트 기대수준의 신뢰도 cronbach'${\alpha}$는 .967로 높게 나타났고 자료의 분석은 IBM SPSS Statistics. v. 19.0 프로그램을 이용하였으며, 유의수준은 0.05로 고려하였다. 연구결과는 첫째, 보철물 기대수준은 평균 3.98점으로 나타났다. 둘째, 임플란트 기대수준은 평균 3.74점으로 나타났다. 셋째, 주관적 건강상태에 따른 임플란트 기대수준은 평균 3.74점으로 나타났고 통계적으로 유의하였다(p=0.003). 넷째, 구강위생관리 관심정도에 따른 임플란트 기대수준의 차이는 평균 3.74점으로 나타났고 통계적으로 유의하였다(0<0.001). 다섯째, 보철물 기대수준과 임플란트 기대수준은 0.392로 강한 양의 상관관계를 나타났다. 위의 결과로 보철과 임플란트에 대한 정확한 정보전달이 필요하다.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.13-24
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• 2011

The medical profession has the problem of lack of bioethics, due to the expansion of capitalism and mannerism after modernization. Therefore, the need of education of bioethics is increasing, however, the cramming system of education is insufficient for promoting personal morals. So the author studied ancient and present bioethics and searched for the cause of current bioethics absence and the method of overcoming it. Especially, studying the vocational features of oriental medical doctor as profession and the problems of education of bioethics in oriental medical college, the author searched for the directions of educations of bioethics. The conclusions are as follows. The current medical profession have ethical problems because of social moral hazard, evils of capitalism, change of doctor-patient relationship due to expansion of consumerism, limitation of autonomy due to commercialize of hospitals, decrease of knowledge monopolism of professionals, moral indifference and frailty, and a missdeed preference. The education of bioethics needs "Rest's 4 components" but the current education of bioethics in oriental medicine college lacks of time and is composed of the cramming system of education. So it needs various types of education system. Morals are subjective and discretionary personal character. Therefore, informational education is insufficient for enhancing morals and complex education for various personal attainments (various social indirect experience, philosophical speculation, mental serenity) is needed. It has to be done on the basis of educational method by experience not lecture, long term expectation, and basic understanding of bioethics.

• 한국호스피스완화의료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국호스피스완화의료학회 2000년도 동계학술대회
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• pp.162-174
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• 2000

The purpose of this hermeneutic study was to investigate the meaning of "good dying" of Chinese terminally ill cancer patients in Taiwan; the factors related to this morning; and the strategies cancer patients used to ensure "good dying". Indepth unstructured interviews, prolonged participant observations, and review of clinical records were selected as the methods for data collection. In the four and one-half month period of data collection, the researcher was in the role of a full time clinical nurse specialist who directly took care of the subject patients in 4 hospitals and in patients' homes. The 20 subject were selected purposively according to selection criteria and various demographic backgrounds. Interview transcripts and field notes comprised the data for analysis. The results were composed by 3 constitutive patterns and 12 themes. Achieving inner peace appeared to herald the good dying state. The "good dying" for Chinese terminally ill cancer patients in Taiwan meant peace of body, peace of mind, and peace of thought. The constitutive pattern of peace of body included 4 themes: (1)minimizing the agony of physical symptoms; (2)short period of dying process without lingering death; (3) cleanliness, neatness, and integrity of the body; and (4) mobility. The constitutive pattern of peace of mind included 5 themes: (1) yielding; (2) non-attachment; (3) not to be lonely; (4) settle down all affairs; and (5) being in a preferred environment and enjoying nature. The third constitutive pattern of peace of thought included 3 themes: (1) getting through day by day without thinking; (2) meaningful life; and (3) expectation that the suffering would be ending. Through understanding of the terminally ill cancer patient' needs in their meanings of "good dying", recommendations can be made for humanistic care. The findings of this study have recommendations for care givers daily contact with dying patients and for medical and nursing education.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2006

Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been increasingly used because of several advantages, less pain, better expectation for cosmesis (requires small incisions), and more rapid recovery compared with open cholecystectomy. Oral intake is tolerated on the day of operation or on the next. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness and safety of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in children. Nine cases of laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute and chronic cholecystitis in children were performed at Asan Medical Center between April 2002 and April 2004. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed on a total of 10 patients, but one of them was excluded because of the simultaneous splenectomy for sickle cell anemia. Clinical presentation, operative findings, operation time, length of hospital stay, and postoperative complications were analyzed. Mean age was 10.4 (4.15) years, and only 3 of patients were less than 10 years. One patient was female. In 8 the diagnosis was calculous cholecystitis. Mild adhesions were found in 3 cases and intraoperative bile leakage in 2. There was no conversion to open surgery and there were no vascular, bowel, or bile duct injuries. Mean operation time was 82.2 (20.160) minutes; mean length of hospital stay was 2.1 (1.3) day. There was no postoperative complication. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy in children was remarkably free of side effects and complications and had a short recovery time. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholecystitis is considered to be a standard procedure in children.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

Objectives : To explore the factors influencing antibiotics prescription by primary health physicians for acute upper respiratory infections(URI). Methods : We performed a survey of 370 primary health physicians randomly sampled in April, 2003. The questionnaire consisted of a prescription on the scenario of acute bronchitis case, along with opinions and reasons for prescribing antibiotics on URI. Results : We found that 54.7% of the physicians prescribed antibiotics on the example case of acute bronchitis which is known as not needing antibiotics. Female physicians and ENT physicians had a greater tendency to prescribe antibiotics. The factors influencing antibiotics prescription on URI were the belief about the effectiveness of antibiotics, preference for their own experiences rather than clinical guidelines, perception of patients' expectations, and perception of competitive environment. The prescription of antibiotics in the example case was affected by how much they usually prescribe antibiotics (OR=2.400, 95% CI=1.470-3.917) and the physicians who thought that antibiotics were helpful for their income prescribed antibiotics more than others (OR=6.773, 95% CI=1.816-25.254). Conclusion : These findings demonstrated that the false belief on the effectiveness of antibiotics, patient's expectation of medication and fast relief of symptoms, and perception of competitive environment all affected the physicians prescription of antibiotics on URI. It may help to find barriers to accommodate scientific evidence and clinical guidelines among physicians and to specify subgroups for education about appropriate prescription behaviors.