• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1857-1859
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• 2016

Background: Hodgkin's lymphoma (formerly, Hodgkins disease) is a potentially curable malignancy with distinctive biological behavior and specific clinical characteristics. Limited information is available from developing countries for patients with classical Hodgkin's lymphoma (cHL). Therefore we reviewed the demographical and clinico-hematological profiles along with bone marrow infiltration patterns in adult patients presenting at Liaquat National Hospital and Medical College. Materials and Methods: In this cross sectional study, 62 adult (${\geq}15years$) patients with cHL were enrolled from January 2010 to December 2014. Results: The mean age was $29.7{\pm}13.8years$ with a median of 30 years. The male to female ratio was 2:1. B symptoms were present in 72.5% of patients and lymph node enlargement in 85.4%. The frequency of bone marrow infiltration in our cHL patients was found to be 27.4%, the pattern being predominantly focal followed by diffuse. The mean hemoglobin was $9.4{\pm}1.9g/dl$ with a mean MCV of $78.1{\pm}7.9fl$, a mean total leukocyte count of $10.9{\pm}20.6{\times}10^9/l$ and a mean platelet count of $241.6{\pm}150.1{\times}10^9/l$. Conclusions: Our analysis shows that clinico-pathological features of cHL in Pakistan are comparable to published data. Peripheral lymphodenopathy associated with B symptoms is the commonest presentation. Bone marrow involvement is more common in our setup as patients usually presented at an advanced stage of disease.

• 대한정형외과스포츠의학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.79-85
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• 2005

슬개-대퇴 관절의 증상은 다양한 원인에 의해 발생될 수 있다. 대부분의 환자는 만성적인 불편감을 호소하며, 특징적인 급성통증의 양상을 보이는 경우도 매우 드물다. 따라서 우선적으로 보존적 치료가 시행되어야 하며, 이에 대한 반응이 없을 경우 수술적 치료를 시행해야 한다. 수술 방법의 결정은 환자의 연령, 활동도, 술 후 재활 능력 등을 고려하여 선택되어야 한다. 수술적 치료시 정확한 진단이 선행되어야 하며, 수술 시 그 원인적 요소를 제거 혹은 교정해야 한다. 관절경적 치료는 수술에 따른 이환율을 줄이고, 조기 재활의 장점이 있어 유용한 방법이다. 슬개골 관절면의 평가 및 치료를 위해서는 상내방 혹은 상외방 도달법도 효과적이다. 수술 시 정상적인 조직의 제거는 술 후 슬관절의 문제를 야기할 수 있으므로 병적인 변화가 없을 경우 보존해 주어야 한다. 관절경적 치료가 힘들거나 혹은 치료 효과가 없다고 판단될 경우 개방성 방법에 의한 수술도 반드시 고려해야 한다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.374-378
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• 2014

Background Angioleiomyoma, a vascular leiomyoma, is a rare, benign smooth-muscle tumor that originates in the tunica media of vessels. It occurs anywhere in the body, most frequently in the lower extremities. Methods We reviewed the medical records of 16 patients who were treated for angioleiomyoma between 2000 and 2012. The clinical features of angioleiomyoma and the correlation between symptoms and pathological subtypes were investigated. Results There were 9 males and 6 females. Ages of the patients ranged from 21 to 61. Pain was the primary symptom in 44% of the patients. Tumors were smaller than 2.0 cm in all dimensions and were located in the face in 4 patients, whereas 5 lesions occurred in the upper extremities and the remaining 7 in the lower extremities. Three histologic subtypes were identified: solid, venous, and cavernous. The subtypes did not correlate with the clinical symptoms. Conclusions Angioleiomyoma appears to be a rare tumor that occurs in the face and the extremities. The tumor usually occurs in middle age. A differential diagnosis of this tumor is difficult, but the tumor should be considered in the diagnosis of painful subcutaneous masses. Ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging can be helpful in the diagnosis of angioleiomyoma. These tumors can be successfully treated with simple excision, with a low recurrence rate.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.272-280
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• 2007

Isolates of Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) collected in Korea, were compared with their pathological features in tobacco and zucchini squash. Full-length cDNA clone of RNA3 was generated by using long-distance RT-PCR. Transcript RNA3 from the cDNA clone was inoculated onto host plants with transcripts RNA1 and RNA2 of Fny strain, generating RNA3-pseudorecombinant CMV. Timing and severity of systemic symptom was not significantly different among the pseudorecombinant CMVs in tobacco, compared with strains Fny-CMV and Pf-CMV. However, the pseudorecombinant CMVs induced two different systemic symptoms (mosaic vs. chlorotic spot) in zucchini squash. Based on symptom induction, the pseudorecombinant CMVs were categorized into two classes. The severity and timing of symptoms were correlated with viral RNA accumulations in systemic leaves of zucchini squash, suggesting that different kinetics of virus movement associated with CMV proteins are crucial for systemic infection and symptom development in zucchini squash. The analysis of movement proteins (MP) of CMV strains showed high sequence homology, but the differences of several amino acids were found in the C-terminal region between Class-I-CMV and Class-II-CMV. The analysis of coat proteins (CP) showed that the CMV isolates tested belonged to CMV subgroup I and the viruses shared overall 87-99% sequence identity in their genomes. Phylogenetic analysis of MP and CP suggested that biological properties of Korean CMV isolates have relationships associated with host species.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.93-100
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• 2004

This study was carried out for analyzing pathological and epidemiological factors of osteoporosis and doing pilot test using trial compounds of tuna bone and oriental herbs based on the factors. Osteoporosis is originated from osteoblast, osteoclast, organic and inorganic factors etc. Therefore the pathology of osteoporosis is not simple because the cytokine, growth factors and hormones of the components are various a lot. Taking a view of epidemiological factors of type I osteoporosis, ageㆍmenarcheㆍcholesterolㆍBMI etc. have definite relation to them. So we can approach to aging or consumptive disease in oriental medicine, specifically differential diagnosis of blood depletion with deficiency of qi, deficiency of kidney, deficiency of yin, bony weakness etc. And it should be considered together with rules for maintaining good health or habit concomitantly. Therefore IL1ㆍ6 or TNF αㆍβ are generally used as molecular biological index for osteoblast and osteoclast because the most important index is bone mineral density and strength, but the factors like collagen and noncollagen protein must be accounted as biomarkers. Trial compounds generally showed favorable effects on accompanying subjective symptoms of osteoporosis in the pilot test for menopausal woman. But if she didn't have specific symptoms of osteoporosis there wasn't any specific change. And osteocalcin was increased in case of being under standard level, but wasn't changed in case of normal level. Therefore these trial compounds can be used as a funcdonal diet for type I osteoporotic patients or preventive measures.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1496-1503
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• 2005

This study aims to define the relationship between brain and heart through several literatures about oriental medicine and the conclusions are as follows. Heart in oriental medicine is called as Sinmyeongjishim(神明之心) which has a close connection with Mind, Consciousness, Emotion, and Physiological instinct of Drain in modern medicine. According to Oriental medicine, Brain stores Wonsin(元神) as Heart stores mind(神). Heart is where mind rests whereas Brain is where mind reveals. The external evidences that prove the relationship of Heart and Mind are as follows: First, with ears, eyes, mouth, and nose the subject of cognition is recognized as Sinmyeongjishim(神明之心). Second, Bulin(不仁), which means decreased movement power and sensibility of limbs, proves that Sinmyeongjishim(神明之心) is involved with movement power and sensibility of limbs. The physiological evidences that prove the relationship of Heart and Mind are as follows; First, Heart as the operation of Sinmyeongjishim(神明之心) manages language. Second, Heart is related with Tongue. Third, Heart is linked to Ears through the ear hole. Fourth, Heart is a store of Mind. Fifth, the five viscera control emotional and psychological activities. The pathological evidence of the relationship of Heart and Mind is that the symptoms of heart disease which are related to Sinmyeongjishim(神明之心) are also related to the functions of Brain. Though Brain has a close connection with Heart in oriental medicine, it is recognized that there are distinctive symptoms of disease of Brain and Hyeolyookjishim(血肉之心) respectively. The relationship of Heart and Brain has been researched in this study, even though there are not enough written materials about oriental medicine. But the fact that the majority of Heart operation is deeply connected with Brain activities cannot be denied. Therefore the research of Heart should be done as well as Brain in the clinical study of Brain.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.451-457
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• 2015

The study about the five viscera's "Syndromes due to Damage" and "Disease" of 『Donguibogam. Five viscera and Six Bowels』, with several existing information on the specificity of the five viscera, were discussed as the physiological characteristics and the pathological conjugation of the five viscera. The results were as follows. The five viscera keep Essence, Spirit, Qi, Blood, Ethereal soul, and Corporeal soul, and There inside the body and keeping in the center. Based on this, it serves to make the body to strengthen. So it can be understood in relation to meat and shells. Characteristics of the specificity of the five viscera is determined to see the eyes, nose, mouth, ears revealed the face and the body that protect the five viscera, and characteristics that in relation to the date or time or season, Also that determined in conjunction with the face color, skin condition. In 『Lingshu』, 『Nanjing』 "how do pathogen involvement in the disease of the five viscera" and "disease occurs spontaneously in the Main meridian of the five viscera " and "Syndromes due to Damage to the Five viscera" in 『Donguibogam. Five viscera and Six Bowels』, It was discussed about the physiology and the pathology that is caused by biological activity according to the characteristics of the five viscera specificity "Outer symptoms" of "Five viscera Disease" in 『Donguibogam. Five viscera and Six Bowels』 is the description of the characteristics of behavior and emotional characteristics of the specificity of the five viscera. Also if you use excessive functions associated with emotional that was fall in consumptive disease.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.252-264
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• 2005

This concerns three patients diagnosed as lateral medullary infarction from cerebral infarction of the brain stem and hospitalized. They were diagnosed and treated for 手足??(paralysis of extremities), 痺症(bi syndrome), 麻木(numbness), 不仁(akinesia), 眩暈(Vertigo) through Oriental Medicine. Improvement in both sense disorder and motor disorder was seen and is therefore reported here. To detect symptoms of a brain stem disorder clinically, pathological symptoms must be isolated and the patient must be screened through radiological and neorological examination. If this is properly and carefully done from the first stage, and according to this diagnosis, with the cycle of the disease considered, a treatment plan can be laid. Modem Medicine offers easy diagnosis for cerebro-vascular disease, but the treatment is less effective than that offered by Oriental Medicine. This report is given with a plea for further research and more reportage of clinical cases of cerebro-vascular disease treated through Oriental Medicine.

• 사상체질의학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.215-224
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• 2016

Objectives This study aimed at proposing a hypothetical principle to add or abstract herbs for modifying Taeeumjowi-tang.Method Based on Jema Lee's literatures such as Dongyisusebowon and Dongyisasangsipyeon, we analyzed contents related to Taeeumjowi-tang and its modification. Moreover, we reviewed physiological and pathological pecularities of Taeeumin symptomatology and applied the theory to induce the principle of the modified Taeeumjowi-tang in Sasang medicine.Results and Conclusions 1) We have found 10 modified Taeeumjowi-tang from Dongyisasangsipyeon. 2) Mahwangjowi-tang (麻黃調胃湯), Gogijowi-tang (固氣調胃湯), Shingijowi-tang (腎氣調胃湯), Euiyiinjowi-tang (薏苡仁調胃湯), Gamijowi-tang (加味調胃湯), and Gyeongheomjowi-tang (經驗調胃湯) are modified for Taeeumin who have original symptoms of more severe cold tendency. Especially, Gogijowi-tang helps to circulate energy-fluid from esophagus to skin, while Shingijowi-tang directly aids the function of esophagus. 3) Seungjijowi-tang (升芷調胃湯), Seunggeumjowi-tang (升芩調胃湯), Seunggijowi-tang (承氣調胃湯), and Jowisokmyung-tang (調胃續命湯) are modified for Taeeumin who have originally cold symtoms, accompanied by heat tendencies. Especially, Seungjijowi-tang helps to eliminate mild heat existing throughout skin and flesh, while Seunggeumjowi-tang gets rid of severe heat swarming in the flesh parts. Seunggijowi-tang can take away the most severe heat symptoms in the whole body

• 고전문학과교육
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• 제15호
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• pp.163-189
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• 2008

This paper is to reveal the relation between the epic of and paranoid personality disorder. I assume that the fact of not recognizing one's own face should be pathological problem. People who suffer from paranoid personality disorder show mistrust and anxiety. I expect that people who don't recognize their own faces from can be related to paranoid personality disorder. The epic of from "An Outline of Korean Folklore Literature" is related to the epic of mistrust and anxiety. The wife from distrusts her husband. She is in fear of being abandoned. She has a doubt that her husband has an affair, so she might lose him. After searching the epic of , I found some peculiarity of people's behave. When you have doubts about your lover, so you are in anxiety, it's hard to think logically. You keep digging for clues expecting that you would prove the unknown truth. It becomes really impossible to make a sense out of you. You cannot be persuaded. These all symptoms are related to paranoid personality disorder. Not every version of from "An Outline of Korean Folklore Literature" is all about symptoms. There are some versions show the solution. Separation for a specified period, self-examination, and recovery of distrust can be the way of solving the problem. In the scene of literary therapy practice, the epic of can be used for the treatment of paranoid personality disorder.