• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.224-233
• /
• 2002

General massage and sports massage techniques are kneading, petrisage and tappotment. These will be improve physiological reaction. Connective tissue massage is a reflex zone massage in the subcutaneous tissues. These are superficial and deeper fascia, intermuscular septa, blood vessel, perinerve tissue. It is frame work on organs in human-being, Therefore, abnormality of there tissues are a pathologic change of the organs. The pathologic changes are fined with visible investigation, manual investigation and stroking investigation on the reflex zone. The stroking on the reflex zone is the treatment also. Stroking methods are depend upon tissues and area. Short strokings are directed at approximately right angles against bone, muscular or facial board. Long strokings are very often follow the original cleavage lines. The back is divided for treatment purposes into sections. There are basic section, thoracic section and cervical section.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.42-51
• /
• 2001

Because the tongue is superficially located and the initial manifestation of most diseases occurring there is mucosal change, lingual lesionscan be easily accessed and diagnosed without imaging analysis. Some lingual neoplasms, however, may manifest as a submucosal bulge and be located in a deep portion of the tongue, such as its base; their true characteristics and extent may be recognized only on cross-sectional images such as those obtained by CT or MRI. Some uncommon tongue neoplasms may have characteristic radiologic features, thus permitting quite specific radiologic diagnosis. Lipomas typically manifest at both CT and MR imaging as homogeneous nonenhancing lesions. Relative to subcutaneous fat they are isoattenuating on CT images, and all MR sequences show them as isointense. Due to the paramagnetic properties of melanin, metastases from melanotic melanoma usually demonstrate high signal intensity on T1-weighted MR images and low signal intensity on T2-weighted images. Although the radiologic findings for other submucosal neoplasms are nonspecific, CT and MR imaging can play an important role in the diagnostic work-up of these unusual tumors. Delineation of the extent of the tumor, and recognition and understanding of the spectrum of imaging and the pathologic features of these lesions, often help narrow the differential diagnosis.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.37-41
• /
• 2001

Because the tongue is superficially located and the intial manifestation of most diseases occurring there is mucosal change, lingual these lesions can be easily accessed and diagnosed without imaging analysis. Most congenital lesions of the tongue, however, can manifest as a submucosal bulge and be located in a deep portion of that organ such as its base; their true characteristics and extent may be recognized only on cross-sectional images such as those obtained by CT or MRI. In addition, because it is usually difficult to differentiate congenital lesions from other submucosal neoplasms on the basis of imaging findings alone, clinical history and physical examination should always be taken into consideration when interpretating CT and MR images of the tongue. Although the radiologic findings for congenital lesions are nonspecific, CT and MR imaging can play an important role in the diagnostic work-up of these unusual lesions. Delineation of the extent of the tumor, and recognition and understanding of the spectrum of imaging and the pathologic features of these lesions, often help narrow the differential diagnosis.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.149-165
• /
• 1999

The pathomechanism of obstructive sleep apnea(OSA) is not clearly elucidated. The possible mechanisms are pathologic reduction of pharyngeal muscular tonus during sleep, abnormal anatomical stenosis of nasopharyx or a combination of the above two mechanisms. It is very important to find the cause(anatomical location or pathologic dynamic change) of OSA in order to treat it. Cephalometric analysis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea is a good method for evaluating anatomical morphologic change but it cannot give any information about the dynamic changes occurring during sleep. On the contrary, nasopharyngeal endoscopy offer 3 dimensional image and information about the dynamic changes. Accordingly, these two diagnostic tools can be utilize in the diagnosis and treatment planning of OSA Cephalometric analysis of craniofacial skeletal and soft tissue morphology in 53 patients with OSA and 43 controls was performed and cephalometric analysis and nasopharygeal endoscopy were performed in 9 patients with OSA in order to come up with individualized therapy plans. Following results were obtained ; Patients with OSA showed 1. body weight gain 2. clockwise mandibular rotation 3. increased anterior lower facial height 4. inferiorly positioned hyoid bone 5. increased length of soft palate 6. decreased sagittal dimension of nasopharyx 7. increased vertical length of inferior collapsable nasopharyx 8. increased length of tongue Through cephalometric analysis and nasopharygeal endoscopy(mutually cooperative in diagnosis), 9. one can find the possible origin of OSA and make a adequate individualized therapy plan and predict accurate prognosis. Cephalometric analysis and nasopharygeal endoscopy are highly recommended as a diagnostic aid in OSA patients

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.32 no.3
• /
• pp.409-415
• /
• 2005

Impaction of permanent incisor occurs rare than the canine & third molar. But it's often observed in school age child. The causes of impaction are trauma, space deficiency, mesiodens, infections of root apex, etc. In spite of elimination of cause, normal eruption of impacted tooth is rare. Though eruption is normal, the position of tooth will be incorrect. Because the impacted tooth results in malocclusion, root resorption of adjacent tooth, pathologic cystic change, it should be confirmed the precise position by clinical and radiographic exam and found the correct location by appropriate treatment plan. In case of pathologic change of impacted tooth and injury to adjacent tooth, it will be extracted. But through orthodontic retraction, the function and esthetics of tooth can be restored. It is important that impacted tooth should be detected early and diagnosed correctly, and appropriate treatment plan should be made. Before impacted tooth is retracted, the considerations of space for alignment and anchorage should be preceded and through appropriate force and mechanics, the side effects, for example, a root resorption should be minimized. In this study, we guided impacted tooth to normal position by using a forced eruption.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.10 no.3
• /
• pp.613-619
• /
• 2009

The Efficacy of SHI-1909 was investigated in comparision with predinisolone in acetic acid and Picrylsulfonic acid solution (TNBS)-induced rat inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) for 5 days. 7% Acetic acid and 5% TNBS solution were administered with polyethylene (P.E) tube inserted to rats intracolon, which causing colitis to the rats. The acetic acid and TNBS control group (the saline treated colitic rat) exhibited ulceration and inflammation of the distal colon with formation of granuloma and pathologic connections. We checked the inflammatory parameters like rat's weight, food intake quantity change during administration. After 5 days, we sacrificed the rats and checked the colon's length, ulcer and pathologic condition. Oral treatment with SHI-1909 resulted in significant recovery of macroscopic parameters like weight and diet intake change. Especially, SHI-1909 had a more potent effect than prednisolone on macroscopic colonic damage score. We can suggest that SHI-1909 could be a promising drug in the treatment of IBD.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.65 no.1
• /
• pp.37-40
• /
• 2008

Nephrotic syndrome is a relatively rare complication of malignancy. A few cases of nephrotic syndrome accompanying Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, leukemia and other malignancies have been reported since the first case of the nephrotic syndrome associated with extrarenal malignancy was reported in 1922. Hodgkin's disease and solid tumors are known to be the most common malignancies accompanying nephrotic syndrome. The pathologic findings of kidney in patients with Hodgkin's disease commonly show minimal change nephropathy. Membranous glomerulonephropathy is the most common pathologic feature in patients with solid tumors. Although membranous glomerulonephropathy related to small cell lung cancer has rarely been reported in Korea, minimal change nephropathy accompanying small cell lung cancer has never been reported. We present here a case of a 70 year-old male with minimal change nephropathy that was related to small cell lung cancer. We detected small cell lung cancer during the diagnosis work-up of nephrotic syndrome. We suggest that nephrotic syndrome can be a manifestation of underlying malignancy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.489-493
• /
• 1986

Takayasu`s arteritis is an arteritis of unknown etiology involving larger elastic arteries such as aorta and its branches, pulmonary arteries, and rarely coronary arteries. The late pathologic feature is vascular obstructive change and the resulting clinical manifestations are local ischemic symptoms such as syncope, visual disturbance, claudication of extremities, hypertension, and angina. the disease occurs predominantly in females, with the age of onset between 10 and 30 years. Recently we have experienced one case of Takayasu`s arteritis involving aortic arch and all its major branches. The patient was 36 year-old female and she was admitted because of headache, blurred vision, and easy fatigability and motor weakness of upper extremities. Aortogram revealed total obstruction of both carotid arteries at the site of its origin and partial irregular obstructive change in the innominate artery and both subclavian arteries. Bypass graft surgery using Gore-Tex grafts was performed with successful result.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.69-82
• /
• 2019

In 2017, the American Joint Committee on Cancer announced the 8th edition of its cancer staging system. For breast cancer, the most significant change in the staging system is the incorporation of biomarkers into the anatomic staging to create prognostic stages. Different prognostic stages are assigned to tumors with the same anatomic stages according to the tumor grade, hormone receptor (estrogen receptor; progesterone receptor) status, and HER2 status. A Clinical Prognostic Stage is assigned to all patients regardless of the type of therapy used; in contrast, a Pathologic Prognosis Stage is assigned to patients in whom surgery is the initial treatment. In a few situations, low Oncotype DX recurrence scores can change the prognostic stage. The radiologists need to understand the importance of the biologic factors that can influence cancer staging.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.67-70
• /
• 2017

We present a metastatic carcinoma from the breast to the neck soft tissue around common carotid artery, with a rare finding of voice change. A 60 year-old female patient presented with voice change for 7 months. Neck ultrasound revealed a soft tissue mass between internal jugular vein and common carotid artery. Result of fine needle aspiration biopsy was a metastatic carcinoma. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance image revealed $2.5{\times}3.0cm$ sized irregular marginated soft tissue mass in right lower neck encasing common carotid artery and internal jugular vein. Surgical resection was performed and pathologic result with immunohistochemical analysis confirmed the diagnosis of a metastatic invasive ductal carcinoma originated from breast.