• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.437-441
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• 2005

This study was investigated to compare the suppression of Meloidogyne arenaria by different treatments of Pasteuria penetrans which is known for biological control agent against Meloidogyne spp.. In order to select proper number of P. penetrans showing good suppression effect, P. penetrans were mixed with M, arenaria for attachment using three different concentration such as $3{\times}10^4$, $3{\times}10^5$ and $3{\times}10^6$ endospores/5 g medium, followed by treating them onto the roots of tomato. After 14 weeks incubation, P. penetrans at $3{\times}10^6$ endospores showed highest activity against the formation of gall caused by M, arenaria. At a dose of $3{\times}10^5$ endospores/5 g medium, P. penetrans was treated into soil either mixing with soil or spray onto soil surface for comparing of suppressive efficacy. When the antagonistic bacterium was treated by the former method, it suppressed more effectively Using P. penetrans at $3{\times}10^6$ endospores and mixing with soil method, suppression was compared among P. penetrans, $PASTORIA^{(R)}$(Japan) and $Fosthiazate^{(R)}$(Korea). P. penetrans was more potent than $PASTORIA^{(R)}$(Japan) and as similar as $Fosthiazate^{(R)}$(Korea). Therefore, these results suggested that P. penetrans can be used for controling of M. arenaria as biological control agent. Furthermore, thess results can be provided to develop environmentally-friendly nematicide.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.268-273
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• 2005

The cultivating agroproducts are damaged by the Meloidogyne spp. which are gradually increasing in farm land soil. No effective control method for Meloidogyne spp., however, is available. Pasteuria penetrans which is one of the microorganisms in soil is used for biological control of Meloidogyne spp. although the method of mass production is limited. This study was conducted to investigate attachment and mass production effect of P. penetrans to M. arenaria under different temperatures (10, 30, 50 and $70^{\circ}C$) and pH values (4, 7 and 10). Attachment rates under these temperature and pH were more than 96% and 80%, respectively. In mass production rates, the number of P. penetrans attached on M. arenaria under different temperatures and pH were highly increased in root of tomato but not significantly different. Therefore, we concluded that P. penetrans can survive and attach on M. arenaria under various conditions. This method for mass production of P. penetrans can be provided to develop environmentally-friendly nematicide.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 2013

A greenhouse soil infested with an obligate nematode parasitic bacterium, Pasteuria penetrans, was used to test the effect of temperatures on the endospore attachment to root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria, juveniles (J2). Freshly hatched J2s were inoculated to the soil in petri dish and incubated under different temperatures of $20^{\circ}C$, $25^{\circ}C$, $30^{\circ}C$, and $35^{\circ}C$ for 7 days. The endospore attachment rates were 100% in all the temperatures, while the number of endospores attached per J2 was highest in $25^{\circ}C$ with 28.3 endospores/J2 followed by 20.2, 18.6, and 13.6 in $30^{\circ}C$, $20^{\circ}C$, and $35^{\circ}C$, respectively. When the soil was pre-treated under different temperatures before the J2 inoculation, the endospore attachment rates significantly decreased from 60% in room temperature to $25^{\circ}C$, 31.7, 8.3, 5.0, and 0% after the soil incubation in $-30^{\circ}C$, $4^{\circ}C$, $40^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$, and $100^{\circ}C$ for 10 days, respectively. The endospore numbers attached per J2 were 3.5, 4.3, 1, 1, and 0 when the soil was pre-treated in $-30^{\circ}C$, $4^{\circ}C$, $40^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$, and $100^{\circ}C$, respectively, which were lower than 5.3/J2 of room temperature treated soil. The P. penetrans isolate in the soil showed nematode species-specific endospore attachment characteristics with 100% attachment rate only on M. arenaria J2s while the rates were 0% on M. hapla and M. incognita J2s.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.177-180
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• 2003

Pasteuria penetrans KW1 (PP), parasitic bacterium of nematode, was isolated from oriental melon greenhouse soil in Korea and evaluated for the suppression effect on the reproduction of southern root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (MI), in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. Chungchima) and oriental melon (Cucumis melo L. var. Eunchun). Pot experiments were conducted by planting the lettuce seedlings in medium inoculated with 5,000 MI juveniles/pot (J), J +100,000 PP endospores/l g medium, and J +200,000 PP endospores/1 g medium. After 11 weeks of plantation, number of root galls in J +200,000 PP endospores/1 g medium was decreased to 92/root (38.9%, control effect), compared to the J of 150/root. In the second plantation of lettuce in the same pots, the numbers of root gall were significantly decreased in PP treated pots with 75 (77.2%, control effect) and 150/root (54.4%, control effect) in J +200,000 and J +100,000 PP endospores/1 g medium, respectively, compared to the J of 330/root when harvested at 10 weeks after planting. In oriental melon, root gall percentages were 32.1 (60.2%, control effect) and 52.9％ (34.5%, control effect) in J +200,000 and J + 1(10,000 endospores/l g medium which were significantly lower than that of 80.7％ in J.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.51-62
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• 2019

A great variable response was observed when PP-3 and PP-J encumbered with 116 populations of root knot nematode (RKN) at two different temperatures ($25{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and $30{\pm}2^{\circ}C$) and concentrations ($10^4$ and $10^5$ spores/ml). The PCR reaction amplified intergenic region between cytochrome oxidase subunit II gene (COII) and large subunit of rRNA gene (lrRNA) of the mitochondrial genome of different RKN species. The primer C2F3 and 1108 identified M. incognita with the highest frequency (52.6%) followed by M. javanica (36.8%) and M. arenaria (10.5%). The sizes of PCR products were 1.7 kb for M. incognita and M. javanica populations while populations of M. arenaria produced 1.1 kb fragment. The digestion with Hinf I yielded three different fragment length patterns on 1.5 % agarose gel. From current research it is concluded that intra-Meloidogyne genetic variability exist in RKN populations which have better encumbrance with P. penetrans.