• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.775-777
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• 2003

Several methods are available for the fabrication of electrode pattern for the plasma display panel(PDP) including screen printing and photolithographic method. Piezo type ink-jet printing method is considered to the method of choice for electrode patterning in manufacturing of PDP. Both silver ink and absorbent layer paste formulation were developed for ink-jet printing of electrode pattern. The ink-jet printing of silver electrode with preformed absorbent layer was especially suitable for the patterning of address electrode for high resolution PDP.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.38 no.10
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• pp.734-740
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• 1994

Electrochemical determination of Ag(I) ion was carried out by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) with the carbon paste electrode (CPE) containing cinchonidine. The detection limit for Ag(I) ion was shown to be $1.0 {\times}10^{-6}$ M in conventional CV and up to $8.0{\times}10^{-9}$ M (${\pm}$0.6%) using DPV. The optimum analytical condition of Ag(I) ion was determined as follows: pH 7, 20 minutes of deposition time, and 50% (w/w) cinchonidine to carbon powder composition of electrode. The interference effect of various metal ions added to the deposition solution was also studied. The peak current of Ag(I) ion except Hg(II) ion was decreased roughly 25% compare to Ag(I) ion only. When Mn(II) ion was present in sample solution at pH 9, shown a large interference effect.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.114-118
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• 2011

Even though the carbon paste electrode bound with mineral oil is useful for research about the characteristics of enzymes, it remains far from practical uses because the lack of mechanical hardness limits its practical use. When the rubber liquefied in toluene was used as a binder of carbon powder in lab, it is confirmed that the mechanical robustness of the electrode is guaranteed. In order to confirm whether it shows quantitative electrochemical behaviors or not, its kinetic parameters, e.g. the symmetry factor (${\alpha}=0.28$), the exchange current density ($i_0=4.06{\mu}A/cm^2$), the capacity of the double layer ($C_d=2.11{\times}10^{-3}F$), the Michaelis constant ($K_M=2.45{\times}10^{-3}M$), and the time constant (${\tau}_B=0.077sec$) were investigated. Our experimental observations prove that the chloroprene rubber is a promising binder for the practical use of a carbon paste electrode.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.1583-1588
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• 2010

A single step fabrication process of carbon nanotube/Prussian Blue (CNT/PB) paste electrodes based on screen printing technology has been studied as an amperometric sensor for the determination of hydrogen peroxide and free chlorine. Compared to the classical carbon paste (CP) electrode, the CNT paste electrode greatly enhanced the response in the presence of hydrogen peroxide due to the electrocatalytic activity of the CNT. Based on the CNT/binder paste, PB was also incorporated into a network of CNT paste and characterized. The best electroanalytical properties of PB-mixed sensors to hydrogen peroxide were obtained with PB ratio of 10 wt % composition, which showed fast response time ($t_{90}{\leq}5$ s; 0.2 - 0.3 mM), low detection limit of 1.0 ${\mu}M$, good linear response in the range from $5.0{\times}10^{-5}$ - $1.0{\times}10^{-3}$ mol $L^{-1}$ ($r^2$ = 0.9998), and high sensitivity of -8.21 ${\mu}AmM^{-1}$. In order to confirm the enhanced electrochemical properties of CNT/PB electrode, the sensor was further applied for the determination of chlorine in water, which exhibited a linear response behavior in the range of 50 - 2000 ppb for chlorine with a slope of 1.10 ${\mu}Appm^{-1}$ ($r^2$ = 9971).

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.11a
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• pp.53.2-53.2
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• 2010

In this study, we focused on our specialized electrode process for Si back-contact crystalline solar cell. It is different from other well-known back-contact cell process for thermal aspect and specialized process. In general, aluminum makes ohmic contact to the Si wafer and acts as a back surface reflector. And, silver is used for low series resistance metal grid lines. Aluminum was sputtered onto back side of wafer. Next, silver is directly patterned on the wafer by screen printing. The sputtered aluminum was removed by wet etching process after rear silver electrode was formed. In this process, the silver paste must have good printability, electrical property and adhesion strength, before and after the aluminum etching process. Silver paste also needs low temperature firing characteristics to reduce the thermal budget. So it was seriously collected by the products of several company of regarding low temperature firing (below $250^{\circ}C$) and aluminum etching endurance. First of all, silver pastes for etching selectivity were selected to evaluate as low temperature firing condition, electrical properties and adhesive strength. Using the nano- and micron-sized silver paste, so called hybrid type, made low temperature firing. So we could minimize the thermal budget in metallization process. Also the adhesion property greatly depended on the composition of paste, especially added resin and inorganic additives. In this paper, we will show that the metallization process of back-contact solar cell was realized as optimized nano-paste characteristics.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.08b
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• pp.1360-1363
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• 2007

The bus electrode is composed of two layers. One is the black matrix(BM) and silver layer is formed on top of black layer. The BM paste is made by mixing $Co_3O_4$ black powder with photosensitive vehicle and rheological additives. In this work we studied the effect of $Co_3O_4$ black powder and glass frit on the rheological property of photosensitive BM paste. We also examined how the size and content of black powder and glass frit affect the transmittance and reflectance of the BM layer after sintering.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.282-293
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• 2017

A new modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) was constructed based on nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs) and graphene nanosheets (Gr) for simultaneous determination of paracetamol (PCM) and mefenamic acid (MFA) in aqueous media and pharmaceutical dosage forms. NiONPs were synthesized via a simple and inexpensive technique and characterized using X-ray diffraction method. Scanning electron microscopy was used for the characterization of the morphology of modified carbon paste electrode (NiONPs/Gr/CPE). Voltammetric studies suggest that the NiONPs and Gr provide a synergistic augmentation that can increase current responses by improvement of electron transfers of these compounds on the NiONPs/Gr/CPE surface. Using cyclic voltammetry, the NiONPs/Gr/CPE showed good sensitivity and selectivity for the determination of PCM and MFA in individually or mixture standard samples in the linear range of $0.1-30{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$. The resulted limit of detection and limit of quantification were 20 and $60ng\;mL^{-1}$ for PCM, 24 and $72ng\;mL^{-1}$ for MFA, respectively. The analytical performance of the NiONPs/Gr/CPE was evaluated for the determination of PCM and MFA in pharmaceutical dosage forms with satisfactory results.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.412-417
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• 2007

A simple prepared paste electrode (PE) of DNA immobilized on a carbon nanotube was utilized for monitoring the antibacterial agent oxytetracycline (OTC), using square-wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Given these conditions, SWASV and CV working ranges were observed within 1-10 ngL-1 OTC. In the SWASV and CV for OTC concentrations of 0.1 mgL-1, the relative standard deviations (n=15) were 0.068 and 0.067, respectively. At the optimized condition, the detection limit was found to be 0.4 ngL-1 OTC. This method was applied to the hatchery fish tissue.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1499-1502
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• 2004

An amperometric biosensor based on carbon paste electrodes (CPEs) for the determination of urea was constructed by enzyme (urease/GL-DH)-modified method. Urea was hydrolyzed to ${NH_4}^+$ by catalyzing urease onto the enzyme-modified electrode surface in sample solution. In the presence of ${\alpha}$-ketoglutarate and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide(NADH), a liberated ${NH_4}^+$ produce to L-glutamate and $NAD^+$ by Lglutamate dehydrogenase (GL-DH). After the chemical reaction was proceeded, the electrochemical reaction was occurred that an excess of the NADH was oxidized to $NAD^+$. The oxidation current of NADH was monitored at +1.10 volt vs. Ag/AgCl. An optimum conditions of biosensor were investigated: The optimum pH range for catalyzed hydrolysis reaction of urea was pH 7.0-7.4. The linear response range and detection limit were $2.0\;{\times}\;10^{-5}{\sim}2.0\;{\times}\;10^{-4}M\;and\;5.0\;{\times}\;10^{-6}M$, respectively. Another physiological species did not interfere, except L-ascorbic acid.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1321-1325
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• 2004

Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), an anionic surfactant, can strongly adsorb at the surface of a carbon paste electrode (CPE) via the hydrophobic interaction. In pH 3.0 $Na_2HPO_4$-citric acid buffer (Mcllvaine buffer) and in the presence of SDS, the cationic indole-3-acetic acid (IAA, $pK_a$ = 4.75) was highly accumulated at the CPE surface through the electrostatic interaction between the negative-charged head group of SDS and cationic IAA, compared with that in the absence of SDS. Hence, the oxidation peak current of IAA increases greatly and the oxidation peak potential shifts towards more negative direction. The experimental parameters, such as pH, varieties of surfactants, concentration of SDS, and scan rate were optimized for IAA determination. The oxidation peak current is proportional to the concentration of IAA over the range from $5\;{\times}\;10^{-8}$ mol/L to $2\;{\times}\;10^{-6}$ mol/L. The detection limit is $2\;{\times}\;10^{-8}$ mol/L after 3 min of accumulation. This new voltammetric method was successfully used to detect IAA in some plant leaves.