• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.76 no.2
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• pp.75-79
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• 2014

Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a toxic chemical commonly used as a degreasing agent, and it is usually found in a colorless or blue liquid form. TCE has a sweet, chloroform-like odor, and this volatile chlorinated organic chemical can cause toxic hepatitis, neurophysiological disorders, skin disorders, and hypersensitivity syndromes. However, the hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) attributed to TCE has rarely been reported. We hereby describe a case of HP associated with TCE in a 29-year-old man who was employed as a lead welder at a computer repair center. He was installing the capacitors on computer chip boards and had been wiped down with TCE. He was admitted to our hospital with complaints of dry coughs, night sweats, and weight losses for the past two months. HP due to TCE exposure was being suspected due to his occupational history, and the results of a video-associated thoracoscopic biopsy confirmed the suspicions. Symptoms have resolved after the steroid pulse therapy and his occupational change. TCE should be taken into consideration as a potential trigger of HP. Early recognition and avoidance of the TCE exposure in the future is important for the treatment of TCE induced HP.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.358-372
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to describe the way of life (such as smoking habits, alcohol consumption, exercise, duration of sleep, eating habits etc.), physical. psychological and overall health complaints and to identify the relationship between the way of life and health complaints of the nursing students. Data was collected with the self-administered OMI( Okayama Medical Index Health Questionnaire, devised Cornell Medical Index) from 766 nursing students and was analyzed. For data analysis, descriptive statistics and an ANOVA with an SPSS/PC+ program were used. The results were as follows: 1. The mean age of subjects was 21.0557(2.7618) years old in their 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th year-classes of nursing departments and college students in 4 regions of Korea. 62.1% of subjects were of the proper body weight, 2.0% were overweight, and 28.3% were underweight. Most subjects did not have a past history of disease, but 1.8% of subjects had experienced a blood transfusion. 2. 28.3% of the subjects had averaged 7 hours of sleep, 98.5% were nonsmokers, 91.2% were nondrinkers, 74.7% of subjects had milk intake sometimes, 53.7% of the subjects had an average salt intake, 49.6% of the subjects usually had a green vegetable intake, 45.4% of the subjects sometimes had fatty food intake, 64.8% of the subjects had good taste, 29.5% of the subjects enjoyed physical exercise. 3. The highest percentages of 'yes' among physical. psychological and overall health complaints were observed in the question 'Do you have gastric pain?'(60.2%), 'Are you confused of disorderly?' (37.2%), 'Physical body was burdensome and fatigued.'(57.3%). 4. The total O.M.I. score ranged from 1 to 89 with an average of 22.91(SD=12.10). A statistically significant difference was observed for the physical. psychological complaints for alcohol consumption. and for the psychological complaints for salt and fatty food intake. These conclusions should provide grounds for future studies of strategies for health promoting lifestyle for nursing students and their health concerns. Further research is required to investigate the life environmental and psychological factors affecting the way of life for nursing students and their health status, to analyze the health behavior of nursing students related with their culture and consciousness. Also epidemiologic research methodology, such as prospective cohort study should be considered to explore the performing process of nursing student's health behavior related with the occurrence of diseases.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.11 no.11
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• pp.55-62
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• 2010

The settlements by liquefaction seldom occur uniformly because of soil homogeneity, however differential settlements are major cause of the damages to structures. From the past researches, author paid attention to the fact that stress history during undrained cyclic shear process affects greatly on the volumetric strains of the post-liquefaction. Therefore, the effect of the residual shear strain in cyclic shear process was examined in this study. The experiment apparatus based on strain control with volumetric strain control device was used for the study to investigate the effect of the residual strain on the relationship between volumetric strain and effective stress of clean and granite sandy soil. It could be seen an insignificant difference in the volumetric strain after liquefaction under various residual shear strain conditions in the case of clean sand. On the other hand, in granite sandy soil, the volumetric strain after liquefaction was small when the lower level of the residual shear strain was applied. And, the residual shear strain during cyclic shear affected the shape of the relation curve between effective stress and volumetric strain as well.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 2002

The subjects were 420 workers who received oriental and western health examination both in the workplaces for 1 month. This study was planned for the reflection of western health examination results through evaluation of Sasang constitution with use of data from western health examination, and for the presentation of basic data applicable to constitutional medicine with preventive medicine. Data that were collected in field research were analyzed into frequencies, One-Way ANOVA, Chi-square testing by the study purposes, and the research results were as follows: 1. The distribution of Sasang constitution in 420 subjects was Taeumin > Soumin > Soyangin, and the general characteristics of subject by Sasang constitution were no significant difference. 2. For the measured values for body by the subject of Sasang constitution, Taeumin had higher value for height, body weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure than other 2 constitutions. Soumin had the lowest values in average for all items, and on the other hand, Soyangin had high pulse pressure compared to other constitutions. It was significant difference between constitutions. 3. For the hematological average, Taeumin had high average for FBS, Total-C, GPT, and Taeumin ,and Soyangin had high in Hb compared to Soumin. Soyangin had the highest average for ${\gamma}-GPT$, and there were significant differences between FBS, Total-C, Hb, GPT, ${\gamma}-GTP$, excepting for GOT. 4. For the result of health examination by the Sasang constitution of subject, Taeumin showed the highest percentage in the items of obesity, primary care, secondary suspicion, and showed significant difference by the constitution. For the distribution of the past disease history by the health examination result of Sasang constitution, Taeumin and Soumin had high prevalence rate for hypertension, liver disease, and Soyangin had high prevalence rate for liver disease, hypertension. For the requirement of lifestyle improvement to the subject, the highest requirements by the Sasang constitution were physical exercise for Soumin, regulation of body weight for Taeumin, and it showed significant difference. For the requirement of primary care by the constitution, the highest requiremetns were obesity control for Taeumin, blood pressure control for Soumin, Soyangin, and liver suspicion was the highest distribution for each constitution in the case of having decision for secondary suspicion.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2006

There was cross-sectional study on investigating the factors related asbestos-related disease on chest radiograph of workers exposed to asbestos in ship repair. According to Occupational Safety & Health Administration asbestos standard, medical surveillance, chest radiologic study, pulmonary function test and medical questionnaire are performed in 118 subjects exposed to asbestos for 10 years or more in ship repair. The sixteen out of 118 subjects $(13.6\%)$ were observed asbestos-related disease finding on chest radiography. Significant factors related to those finding on chest radiography were abnormal pulmonary function test, cough, sputum, past history of respiratory disease, work duration. Workers with Significant factors related asbestos-related disease finding on chest radiography should be managed on a strict program. Further, factors unrelated with asbestos-related disease finding on this study should be evaluated prospectively for medical surveillance program of workers exposed to asbestos.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.12-21
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• 2012

The proximities of Cheonggye creek was a maj or space for the gathering of large populations from the past times and it is also a place containing the joy, anger, sorrow, pleasure and lives of the citizens. The Cheonggye creek which flowed downtown of Seoul throughout many historical events had disappeared into history completely in the modernization process due to the contamination with life sewages and overflow. However, the city authority of Seoul decided to restore it to its shape before covering the creek by means of dismantling the old elevated ways in Cheonggye creek in line with the Large Scale City Movement Project to revive the grey city and to improve the quality of the city landscape in 2002. The cultural space was created by activating the old town sphere in Cheonggye Creek and the amenities of the giant city was improved by the cultural and natural wave created along the creek. In addition, the educational opportunity has been provided to the citizens by means of reviving its historical nature. The design and cultural value of the Cheonggye Plaza were restored for the mean time and the urban environment requested during modem times was established. The Cheonggye Plaza which heightened the balanced development in Seoul which has been developed in an unbalanced way by dividing into northern and southern area of the river is very meaningful in the viewpoint of the landscape architect who designs the urban space. The re-birth as a cultural space of downtown owing to the efforts of the said cultural catalysts is meaningful.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.112-119
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• 2010

This study aims at interpreting Korean Rural Landscape by applying the analytical tool thus developed to the lifestyles of ordinary people found in their permanent dwellings both before and after Korea first opened its door to the world in 1896. By so doing, this study hopes to contribute to building a framework with which to understand the tradition of ordinary people by exploring the uniqueness and basic characteristics of Korean Rural Landscape. This study relies primarily on field studies and publications including, without limitation, the televised documentaries, as well as newspapers and scholastic writings and relating to, the agrarian and residential landscapes changed over time. In the Vernacular world, the present does not passively inherit the past. Rather, it is re-born each time, reflecting the society and history of the period. It does not change, but is shaped by the necessities of the period. This may be the reason why there are different Korean Rural Landscapes over a rather short period of time. For instance, the pre-modern Korean Rural Landscape tends to be shaped almost entirely by the nature, while the intention of people begins to find much more expressions in the modern Korean Rural Landscape. As the commodities become more readily available to people thanks to industrialization, such ready availability has brought about changes in the materials used in, as well as functions of, Rural Landscape.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.15-23
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• 2002

In order to find the effects of physical therapy on the recovery of motor functions and mental state, a survey was conducted to 63 patients who, diagnosed as stroke by brain CT, had been hospitalized in a university medical center located in Jeonbuk provincial area from December 2000 to August 2001. The outcomes of the survey are as follows: 1. The subjects of the study were composed of 35 males(55.6%) and 28 females(44.4%), with 34(54.0%) below 60 in age and 29(46.0%) older than 60 years. 2. As to type of lesion, the surveyed patients were divided into 28(44.4%) with cerebral infarction, 24(38.1%) with cerebral hemorrhage, and 11(17.5%) with subarachnoid hemorrhage. In terms of size of lesion, they were divided into 29(46.0% with less than tan 1cm, 15 (23.8%) with $1{\sim}2cm$ and 19(30.2%) with longer than 2cm. Thirty-five patients(55.7%) reported paralysis in their right side, while 28(44.8%) complained paralysis in their left side. No recidivation was reported by 51(81.1%) while recidivation was asserted by 12(19%). Among them, 27(42.9%) had no past history but 36(57.1%) had such. 3. Regarding the time hour onset to admission to physical therapy, 46patients(73.0%) experienced it for less than one month, while 17(27.0%) for longer than one month. In terms of period of physical therapy, 30(47.6%) underwent the therapy for less than one month, 18(28.6%) for 1-2 months and 15(23.8%) for longer than 2 months. As is shown in the above study, the longer the period of physical therapy is, the more changes might occur in points of MMSE-K and MMAS. It may, therefore, be concluded that sufficiently longer period of physical therapy ensures the increased recovery of physical functions from stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.218-233
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• 2005

Purpose : To investigate clinical-epidemologic aspect of infertility patients in Conmaul Oriental Hospital. Methods : From 2003, 5 to 2004, 4, a total 1223(female 943, male 280) patients was recruited, and their medical records were reviewed retrospectively. Results : The mean age of female was $31.83{\pm}3.63$ yesrs, and $34.08{\pm}3.66$ years in male. The mean BMI of female was $20.83{\pm}2.74$, and $24.36{\pm}3.03$ in male. The most common occupation of female was profession, administration, management.The primary infertility was 52.9% and the secondary infertility 47.1%. The most common past history in female was laparotomy. The mean duration of infertility was $3.32{\pm}2.5$ years and $3.9{\pm}2.63$ years in female and male. 83.6% of secondary infertility women experienced abortion. The incidence of patients with both combinded infertility factors of female and male was the most highest, and the most common single factor was ovulatory. 92.4% of female patients took sterility tests, 71.0% of male patients took semen analysis. 50.8% female took ovulation induction, IUI, IVF before coming. 8.91% of female and 72.14% of male were accompanied by their spouse. 61.2% of female took sterility test with their spouse. Female's duration of treatment was longer than man's. The most reliable source of choices was encouragement of family members, acquaintance. Conclusion : In this study, we presented staus concerend with infertility and the characteristics of patients went to oriental hospital. Furthermore, the study about oriental treatments and the results of that treatments is required.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.396-407
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• 1999

Although tinnitus is a common disease, it's reason, pathogenesis and treatment are not examined clearly. As tinnitus is a subjective complaint, it is not easy to evaluate objectively and to compare with another. In this study, we intend to estimate the effect of a variety of oriental medical treatments to tinnitus. We inquired about 30cases of tinnitus patients visited the Kwang-ju Oriental Medical Hospital of Wonkwang University from Apr. 1998 to Sep. 1998. We examined the 30cases in the view of sex, age, occupation, duration, etiologic factors, past history, associating symptoms, quality of tinnitus, and recovery rate after treatments. The results were as follows: 1. In distribution of sex, the ratio of male was $63.3\%$(19cases)and\;female\;was\;36.6\%$(11cases). 2. In distribution of age, the ratio of the 2th decade was $6.6\%(2cases),\;the\;3th\;decade\;was\;20.0\%(6cases),\;the\;4th\;decade\;was\;16.6\%(5cases),\;the\;5th\;decade\;was\;23.3\%(7cases),\;the\;6th\;decade\;was\;30.0\%\;(9cases),and\;the\;7th\;decade\;was\;3.3\%(1case)$. 3. In distribution of occupation, the ratio of employee was $23.3\%$(7cases), house-keeper was $63.3\%(11cases),\;farmer\;was\;16.6\%(5cases),\;teacher\;was\;13.3\%$ (4cases), and student, merchant, soldier was each $3.3\%$(1case). 4. In distribution of duration, the ratio of under 1month was $6.6\%$ (2cases), 1 month -6 months was $20.0\%$(6cases), 6 months- 12months was $30.0\%$(9cases), 12months-36months was $23.3\%$(7cases), and over 36months was $20.0\%$(6cases). 5. In etiologic factor of tinnitus, the ratio of unknown reason was $40.0\%$ (12cases), overwork was $16.6\%$(5cases), emotional stress was $10.0\%$(3cases), noise was $6.6\%$(2cases), cases of laying overwork upon stress was $13.3\%$(4cases), head trauma was $3.3\%$(1case), gun report was $3.3\%$ (1case), and after sickness was $6.6\%$(2cases). 6. 9 cases had experienced such a disease as meniere's disease, tympanitis, labyrinthitis, trauma of tympanum, hypertension, etc. 7. Commonly associated symptoms were dizziness, deafness, uneasiness, headache, ear fullness, fatigue, insomnia, nausea, vomiting, and forgetfulness. 8. Most frequent quality of tinnitus were buzzing, whistling, humming etc. 9. In $76.6\%$(23cases) of tinnitus patients, it was improved, but in $23.3%$(7cases) of them, not improved. Total recovery rate was $42.2\%$.