• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.160-167
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• 2021

Seabed deformation due to the fault failure have both a spatial variation and temporal history. When the faulting process initiates at a certain point beneath seabed, the failure spreads out to neighboring points, resulting in temporal changes of deformation. In particular, such a process induces tsunami waves from the vertical motion of seabed. The uprising speed of seabed affects the formation of initial surface profile, eventually altering the arrival time and runup of tsunamis at the coast. In this work, we developed a numerical model that can simulate the generation and propagation of tsunami waves by considering the horizontal and vertical changes of seabed in an active and dynamic manner. For the verification of the model, it was applied to the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquake in Japan and the results confirmed that the accuracy was improved compared to the existing passive and static model.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.73-82
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• 2022

As digital advertising industry grows, consumers' concerns over personal information protect also rise. Thus, the current study is designed to explore college students' perspectives on digital behavioral advertising and personal information protection through in-depth interviews. According to study results, importance of personal information protection is highly regarded among college students and interviewees suggest individuals, companies, and government organizations work together to protect personal information. College students' behavioral level of personal information protection can be divided into three levels such as 1) no-action taken, 2) passive response, and 3) active response. The study found that college students' attitude toward digital behavioral advertising is positive and also negative at the same time. Lastly, the study suggests that college students have positive attitude toward companies' personal information collection and use for the marketing purpose such as digital behavioral advertising. At the discussion section this study puts emphasis on the need for digital media literacy education and suggests practical implications for personal information collection and its procedures.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.43-50
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• 2022

For high-quality education of the modern generation of students, forms of organizing the educational process and the latest methods of obtaining knowledge that differ from traditional ones are necessary. The importance of multimedia teaching tools is shown, which are promising and highly effective tools that allow the teacher not only to present an array of information in a larger volume than traditional sources of information, but also to include text, graphs, diagrams, sound, animation, video, etc. in a visually integrated form. Approaches to the classification of multimedia learning tools are revealed. Special features, advantages of multimedia, expediency of use and their disadvantages are highlighted. A comprehensive analysis of the capabilities of multimedia teaching tools gave grounds for identifying the didactic functions that they perform. Several areas of multimedia application are described. Multimedia technologies make it possible to implement several basic methods of pedagogical activity, which are traditionally divided into active and passive principles of student interaction with the computer, which are revealed in the article. Important conditions for the implementation of multimedia technologies in the educational process are indicated. The feasibility of using multimedia in education is illustrated by examples. Of particular importance in education are game forms of learning, in the implementation of which educational elements based on media material play an important role. The influence of the game on the development of attention by means of works of media culture, which are very diverse in form and character, is shown. The importance of the role of multimedia in student education is indicated. In the educational process of multimedia students, a number of educational functions are implemented, which are presented in the article. Recommendations for using multimedia are given.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.153-167
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• 2021

Background and objective: With the revision of the Act on Urban Parks, Green Areas, Etc. in 2013, the "urban agricultural park" was newly established under the subcategory of "themed park," thereby establishing the institutional basis for the creation of urban agricultural parks. However, urban agricultural parks are still in the early stages of their introduction. There is a lack of research on direction setting and specific operation management that considers urban residents' needs and the city's physical infrastructure. Methods: We utilized the public service design process suggested by the Ministry of the Interior and Safety of the Republic of Korea in 2019 to identify problems and develop directions for urban agricultural parks. The process consisted of the following four steps: Understanding, Discovering people's needs, Defining real problems, and Developing ideas. Results: As four types of ideas for revitalizing urban agricultural parks, 'information users want to know,' 'user participation in design,' 'venue for local communities,' and 'urban agricultural parks as health and rest areas' were derived. This means that urban agricultural parks must provide the information users want; users must plan, decide, and implement such information by directly participating in the creation and efficient management and operation of urban agricultural parks; and urban agricultural parks must be used as a venue for local communities. Urban agricultural parks should also be spaces for health and relaxation. Conclusion: Urban agricultural parks should avoid the unified space and passive participation patterns of existing urban parks, and become real spaces for resident participation that can satisfy all the production, leisure, landscape, ecology, and psycho-social needs of the users of urban agricultural parks. Furthermore, it is necessary to introduce a more systematic and diverse operating system so that it can work to revitalize the local community and connect organically with the function of the city.

• Journal of Electrochemical Science and Technology
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.431-439
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• 2021

This research work aims to investigate the effect of the aerobic bacterium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa on the mechanical and electrochemical properties of the 316L stainless steel and α-brass. These properties of both the alloys were determined after 7 days of exposure to the controlled and inoculated media at 37℃. The microstructural and electrochemical test results revealed the deleterious effects of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. After exposure to the inoculated medium, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) results showed the larger pitting and formation of relatively dense biofilm on α-brass compared to 316L stainless steel. The tensile strength and hardness of 316L stainless steel were slightly affected after exposure to the controlled and inoculated media. After exposure to the controlled medium and inoculated media, the tensile strength of the α-brass was least affected but a significant decrease in the hardness (from 165 HV to 124 HV) was observed due to the severe attack induced by the Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Similarly, the open-circuit potential of the 316L stainless steel in the inoculated medium was measured to be less active (-410 mV vs Ag/AgCl) than α-brass (-550 mV vs Ag/AgCl). In the inoculated medium, potentiodynamic polarization curves confirmed the severe attack of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on α-brass (7.15 × 10^-2 mm/year) compared to 316L stainless steel which registered a corrosion rate of 5.14 × 10^-4 mm/year.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.49 no.2
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• pp.78-88
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• 2023

Background: Exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) can have acute and chronic health effects on human beings in general and in working environments. In particular, VOCs are often emitted in large quantities in industrial settings. In such circumstances, there is a need to improve the indoor air quality at workplaces. Objectives: The purposes of this study were to verify the effectiveness of air cleaning devices in workplaces and provide alternative solutions for improving working environments. Methods: Personal exposure and area level of VOCs for workers were evaluated in a car-part adhesive process before and after installing an air cleaning device with a TiO₂-coated filter. Passive samplers and direct reading instruments were used to collect and analyze the VOCs, and the removal efficiency and improvement of air quality were evaluated. We also calculated the exposure index (EI) to assess the risk level in the workplace. Results: The removal efficiency for VOCs through the installation of the air cleaning device was approximately 26.9~69.0% as determined by the concentration levels before and after installation. The measured substances did not exceed the exposure limits for the work environment and the EI was less than 1. However, carcinogenic substances such as benzene, formaldehyde, carbon tetrachloride, and trichloroethylene were detected. Conclusions: The application of an air cleaning device can be a solution for controlling the indoor air quality in a workplace, particularly in cases where ventilation systems cannot be installed due to process limitations.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.119-138
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• 2023

Concrete carbonation is a prevalent phenomenon that leads to steel reinforcement corrosion in reinforced concrete (RC) structures, thereby decreasing their service life as well as durability. The process of carbonation results in a lower pH level of concrete, resulting in an acidic environment with a pH value below 12. This acidic environment initiates and accelerates the corrosion of steel reinforcement in concrete, rendering it more susceptible to damage and ultimately weakening the overall structural integrity of the RC system. Lower pH values might cause damage to the protective coating of steel, also known as the passive film, thus speeding up the process of corrosion. It is essential to estimate the carbonation factor to reduce the deterioration in concrete structures. A lot of work has gone into developing a carbonation model that is precise and efficient that takes both internal and external factors into account. This study presents an ML-based adaptive-neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) approach to predict the carbonation depth of fly ash (FA)-based concrete structures. Cement content, FA, water-cement ratio, relative humidity, duration, and CO2 level have been used as input parameters to develop the ANFIS model. Six performance indices have been used for finding the accuracy of the developed model and two analytical models. The outcome of the ANFIS model has also been compared with the other models used in this study. The prediction results show that the ANFIS model outperforms analytical models with R-value, MAE, RMSE, and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency index values of 0.9951, 0.7255 mm, 1.2346 mm, and 0.9957, respectively. Surface plots and sensitivity analysis have also been performed to identify the repercussion of individual features on the carbonation depth of FA-based concrete structures. The developed ANFIS-based model is simple, easy to use, and cost-effective with good accuracy as compared to existing models.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.155-168
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• 2023

This study focused on working women's perceptions of social attractiveness and their appearance management behavior. Social attractiveness is defined as individuals' achieved attractiveness which can be expressed through social expressive power or social skills rather than innate physical appearance. This study was empirically conducted through questionnaires distributed to 200 working women in South Korea. According to the results, the participants recognized four factors constituting social attractiveness: physical appearance management, business manners, social skills, and sexual attractiveness. When they were asked to assess themselves on the same measures, these characteristics were further classified into six factors: business manners, feminine attractiveness, fashion sense, sociability, communication skills, and active appearance management. Their self-perceived social attractiveness was found to be influenced by all these factors in the order of feminine attractiveness, business manners, sociability, communication skills. Based on the self-presentation tendencies, the participants were classified into various groups, including the passive management group, daily life-oriented management group, work-oriented management group, neutral group, and active management group. The relative importance of the social attractiveness components was found to differ by group, although working women in all groups rated weight management higher than appearance management behavior. This study has implications in that it facilitates an understanding of the concept of social attractiveness and also provides a foundation base in terms of beauty consulting and marketing for working women to improve their social attractiveness.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.21-43
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine cultural differences and related difficulties which KoreanChinese women in Korean society experience at work and the different styles of their cultural adaptation. For this, semi-structured interviews consisting of questions related to these issues were conducted on 17 Korean-Chinese women living in the metropolitan area (average age: 34, SD = 9.25, average stay in Korea = 4 years, SD = 2.24). After analysis of qualitative data based on Giorgi's(1985) method of phenomenological analysis, a total of 225 significant statements were found and those were grouped into 23 subcategories, which were then grouped again into 9 categories. Cultural differences and related difficulties appeared in identity, verbal communication, political and economic aspects, and relational and sexual affairs. It was also revealed that Korean-Chinese women adapted in the three ways of Active, Passive, and Avoident. Lastly, various social actions that can aid the adaptation of Korean-Chinese women to Korea based on these results were discussed.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.70-81
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• 2024

Objectives: Cognitive impairments, ranging from mild to severe, adversely affect daily functioning, quality of life, and work capacity. Despite significant efforts in the past decade, more than 200 promising drug candidates have failed in clinical trials. Herbal remedies are gaining interest as potential treatments for dementia due to their long history and safety, making them valuable for drug development. This review aimed to examine the mechanisms behind the effect of Polygonum multiflorum on cognitive function. Methods: This study focused primarily on the effects of Polygonum multiflorum and its chemical constituents on cognitive behavioral outcomes including the Morris water maze, the passive avoidance test, and the Y maze, as well as pathogenic targets of cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease (AD) like amyloid deposition, amyloid precursor protein, tau hyperphosphorylation, and cognitive decline. Additionally, a thorough evaluation of the mechanisms behind Polygonum multiflorum's impact on cognitive function was conducted. We reviewed the most recent data from preclinical research done on experimental models, particularly looking at Polygonum multiflorum's effects on cognitive decline and AD. Results: According to recent research, Poligonum multiflorum and its bioactive components, stilbene, and emodin, influence cognitive behavioral results and regulate the pathological target of cognitive impairment and AD. Their mechanisms of action include reducing oxidative and mitochondrial damage, regulating neuroinflammation, halting apoptosis, and promoting increased neurogenesis and synaptogenesis. Conclusion: This review serves as a comprehensive compilation of current experiments on AD and other cognitive impairment models related to the therapeutic effects of Polygonum multiflorum. We believe that these findings can serve as a basis for future clinical trials and have potential applications in the treatment of human neurological disorders.