• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.209-218
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• 2004

The purpose of this paper is to suggest a practical and simple method for the identification of the joint mechanical properties and to apply it to human knee joints. The passive moment at a joint was modeled by three mechanical parts, that is, a gravity term, a linear damper term and a nonlinear spring term. Passive pendulum tests were performed in 5 fat and 5 thin men. The data of pendulum test were used to identify the mechanical properties of joints through sequential quadratic programming (SQP) with random initial values. The identification was successful where the normalized root-mean-squared (RMS) errors between the simulated and experimental joint angle trajectories were less than 10％. The parameter values of mechanical properties obtained in this study agreed with literature. The inertia, gravity and the damping constant were greater at fat men, which indicates more resistance to body movement and more energy consumption fer fat men. The suggested method is noninvasive and requires simple setup and short measurement time. It is expected to be useful in the evaluation of joint pathologies.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.152-158
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• 2006

The objective of this work is to develop the knee joint model for representing various pendulum motions and quantifying the spasticity. Knee joint model included the extension and flexion muscles. The joint moment consists of both the active moment from the stretch reflex and the passive moment from the viscoelastic joint properties. The stretch reflex was modeled as nonlinear feedback of muscle length and the muscle lengthening velocity, which is Physiologically-feasible. Moreover, we modeled the spastic reflex as having dynamic threshold to account far the various pendulum trajectories of spastic patients. We determined the model parameters of three patients who showed different pendulum trajectories through minimization of error between experimental and simulated trajectories. The simulated joint trajectories closely matched with the experimental ones, which show the proposed model can predict pendulum motions of patients with different spastic severities. The predicted muscle force from spastic reflex appeared more frequently in the severe spastic patient, which indicates the dynamic threshold relaxes slowly in this patient as is manifested by the variation coefficient of dynamic threshold. The proposed method provides prediction of muscle force and intuitive and objective evaluation of spasticity and it is expected to be useful in quantitative assessment of spasticity.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.35-35
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• 2004

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.188-193
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to develop a more precise damper model of the joint for the quantification of the joint mechanical properties. We modified the linear damper model of a knee joint model to nonlinear one. The normalized RMS errors between the simulated and measured joint angle trajectories during passive pendulum test became smaller with the nonlinear damper model than those of the linear one which indicates the nonlinear damper model is better in precision and accuracy. The error between the experimental and simulated knee joint moment also reduced with the nonlinear damper model. The reduction in both the trajectory error and the moment error was significant at the latter part of the pendulum test where the joint angular velocity was small. The nonlinearity of the damper was significantly greater at thin subject group and this indicates the nonlinearity is a useful index of joint mechanical properties.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2015

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the biomechanical properties of shock absorption strategy and postural stability during the drop landing for each types. Methods : The motions were captured with Vicon Motion Capture System, with the fourteen infra-red cameras (100Hz) and synchronized with GRF(ground reaction force) data(1000Hz). Ten male soccer players performed a drop landing with single-leg and bi-legs on the 30cm height box. Dependent variables were the CoM trajectory and the Joint Moment. Statistical computations were performed using the paired t-test and ANOVA with Turkey HSD as post-hoc. Results : The dominant leg was confirmed to show a significant difference between the left leg and right leg as the inverted pendulum model during Drop Landing(Phase 1 & Phase 2). One-leg drop landing type had the higher CoM displacement, the peak of joint moment with the shock absorption than Bi-leg landing type. As a lower extremity joint kinetics analysis, the knee joint showed a function of shock absorption in the anterior-posterior, and the hip joint showed a function of the stability and shock absorption in the medial-lateral directions. Conclusion : These findings indicate that the instant equilibrium of posture balance(phase 1) was assessed by the passive phase as Class 1 leverage on the effect of the stability of shock absorption(phase 2) assessed by the active phase on the effect of Class 2 leverage. Application : This study shows that the cause of musculo-skeletal injuries estimated to be focused on the passive phase of landing and this findings could help the prevention of lower damage from loads involving landing related to the game of sports.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 스마트 최상층 면진시스템을 적용한 고층건물의 풍응답 제어성능을 검토해보았다. 이를 위하여 77층 초고층 건물을 예제구조물로 선택하였고 풍동실험을 통해서 얻은 풍하중을 사용하여 수치해석을 수행하였다. 예제구조물의 최상층은 FPS 및 MR 감쇠기로 구성된 스마트 면진시스템을 이용하여 주구조물과 분리된다. 주구조물의 동적응답을 저감시키는 것이 스마트 최상층 면진시스템의 가장 중요한 목표이지만 면진된 최상층의 과도한 응답은 구조물을 불안정하게 만들 수 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 면진된 최상층과 주구조물을 효과적으로 제어하기 위하여 스카이훅제어기를 제어알고리즘으로 사용하였다. 제안된 스마트 최상층 면진시스템의 제어성능을 검토하기 위하여 일반적인 수동 최상층 면진시스템의 제어성능과 비교하였다. 수치해석결과 제안된 스마트 최상층 면진시스템을 이용하면 일반적인 수동 최상층 면진시스템에 비해서 면진층의 변위를 효과적으로 줄이면서도 구조물의 응답을 저감시킬 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2023

일반적으로 발사체의 페어링, 위성체 및 단 분리와 더불어 위성체의 전개형 구조물 분리 시 높은 신뢰도의 화약폭발 기반 파이로 분리장치가 주로 적용되고 있다. 이로부터 발생되는 파이로 충격은 짧은 시간에 높은 진폭의 하중이 발생함으로써, 위성 전장품 등 주요 탑재장비에 일시적 또는 영구적 손상을 유발하여 임무 실패를 초래할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 파이로 구속분리장치의 폭발 시 전달되는 충격하중 저감을 목적으로 저강성 블레이드 기반 충격저감장치를 제안하였다. 설계의 주안점은 저강성 블레이드 적용에 따라 발사진동환경 하 구조건전성 확보에 취약한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 고댐핑 특성 구현이 가능하도록 점탄성 테이프를 이용한 적층형 구조를 적용함에 있다. 상기 충격저감장치의 설계 유효성은 낙하추를 이용한 충격시험을 통해 입증하였으며, 발사진동환경 하 구조건전성은 전개형 구조물 모사 모델을 적용한 하중조건에서의 구조해석을 통해 평가를 수행하였다.