• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.307-313
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• 2017

This paper outlines the processes and strategies studied and selected by the team during the design stages of the project for the incorporation of BIPV into the tower's façade. The goal was to create a system that helps reduce internal heating and cooling loads while collecting energy through photovoltaic panels located throughout the building. The process used to develop this façade system can be broken down into three stages. 1. Concept: BIPV as design catalyst for a high-rise building. 2. Optimization: Balancing BIPV and Human comfort. 3. Integration: Incorporating BIPV into a custom curtain wall design. The FKI Project clearly illustrates the evolution building enclosures from simple wall systems to high performance integrated architectural and engineering design solutions. This design process and execution of this project represent the design philosophy of our firm.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 B
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• pp.696-698
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• 2003

Most of the loads in industrial power distribution systems are balanced and connected to three wires power systems. However, in the user power distribution systems, most of the loads are single & three phase and unbalanced, generating a large amount of non-characteristic harmonics. With the advent of power electronics and proliferation of non-linear loads in industrial power applications, power harmonics and their effects on power quality are a topic of concern. Harmonics by the unbalance voltage and non-linear loads, cause the increase of machine loss and heating. In order to allow current harmonic compensation, a filter must be installed. This paper describes the performance of passive filter under the voltage unbalance and non-linear load.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.593-596
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• 2006

This paper introduces various natural energy systems installed at the Eco-Science Center in Geumsan near Taejon. The center, especially, features different solar energy systems to harvest the solar energy to its full extent. Such passive schemes as direct gain and at lacked sun space are applied along with active solar ingredients using flat plate and double skin solar collectors. Space and water heating depends very little on the conventional means. Also a number of photovoltaic modules deployed within its premise supplies power to drive a water pump for the biotop. Combined with other natural energy utilizing systems, the solar energy systems make an exemplary model of a self sustainable public facility which is the first of its kind in Korea.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2006년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.814-819
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• 2006

This research is on the design and introducing of integrated thermal performance of super energy saying building, called 3 Liter house which can be sustained with 3 liter oil(kerosene) per $yr.m^2$. 3 liter houses(Passive houses) offer extended living comfort with only 15 to 20% of the space heating demand of conventional new building. To achieve this purpose, the efficiency of building components is improved, such as walls, windows or ventilation system and the construction technology is improved, such as the prevention of thermal bridge and the air tightness. The fuel cell is used as alternative energy. Energy consumption of 3L house is 2.08 [liter/$yr.m^2$] in monitoring result of $2006/2/1{\sim}2/7$ and ACH50 is 0.67 in result of Blow Door Test, therefore 3L House is well- insulated and well- airtighted house.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2015

Purpose: Recently, many countries around the world are actively looking for the ways to make full use of natural energy sources and also develop and apply an environmentally friendly system designed to save building energy consumption. Under these circumstances, this study intended to determine the applicability and energy saving effect by deriving the indoor thermal performance characteristics and the PCM temperature appropriate for a double skin façade to reduce indoor energy consumption through the application of different PCM temperatures to double skin façade and perform a performance evaluation depending on the application or non-application of PCM to a double skin façade. Method: For this study, the physical variables of the double skin façade with PCM were configured through a preliminary examination based on an experimental measurement, and experimental measurements were taken with a total of 7 types of mockup cases: Type-1 (Basic), the basic double skin façade, Type-2 (PCM $18^{\circ}C$) which was applied to the inner skin of the double skin façade depending on the phase-change temperature of PCM, Type-3 (PCM $20^{\circ}C$), Type-4 (PCM $22^{\circ}C$), Type-5 (PCM $24^{\circ}C$), Type-6 (PCM $26^{\circ}C$), and Type-7 (PCM $28^{\circ}C$) with reference to the data analysis of the basic double skin façade which preceded this study, to analyze the indoor thermal performance of the double skin façade depending on PCM temperature and the installation or non-installation of a double skin façade applying PCM based on the selected unit space. Result: Indoor thermal performance was analyzed depending on the PCM temperature applicable to double skin façade, and the analysis of heating energy reduction showed that Type-2 (PCM $18^{\circ}C$) gained 15.9% more heat compared with Type-1 (Basic) and secondly, Type-3 (PCM $20^{\circ}C$) gained 11.5% more heat. Based on these findings, it is deemed possible that the use of energy for heating can be reduced when heat coming indoors increases during the heating period, and the appropriate temperature for PCM applied to the inner skin of a double skin façade to reduce heating energy in winter, Type-2 (PCM $18^{\circ}C$) showed the highest efficiency and Type-3 (PCM $20^{\circ}C$) was also deemed appropriate.

• 에너지공학
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.152-157
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• 2012

지구온난화 및 에너지 고갈로 인해 건축물의 에너지효율 향상은 시대의 흐름으로 인식되고 있다. 건축물의 효율을 향상시켜 에너지를 절약하기 위해서는 결국 패시브 요소를 적용해야 한다. 그런 첫발걸음이 단열경계에 대한 새로운 기준 적용이라 생각한다. 현재 고시된 단열경계선 기준의 경우 경계가 적정하지 않을 뿐만 아니라, 용도별로도 구분되어있지 않다. 이로 인해 에너지가 낭비되고 있으며, 민원 또한 많이 발생되고 있는 실정이다. 이러한 문제점을 개선하기 위해 단열선 적용에 있어 난방과 비난방, 공조와 비공조 구간을 구분하고 건물을 용도별로 보다 더 세분화하는 기준이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 새로운 용도별 단열경계와 적용 가능한 기준을 마련하여 정확한 실제 난방면적과 공조면적을 제시한다. 이렇게 제시된 실제 난방과 공조면적, 용도별 단열 경계기준선을 통해 장비의 적정한 용량과 부하의 일치를 기하고 최적의 유지관리로 에너지를 절감할 수 있는 기준을 마련함으로써 실 거주자의 환경개선뿐 아니라 에너지 절감효과까지 기대할 수 있는 가이드라인을 제시하고자 한다.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제35권11호
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• pp.25-34
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• 2019

It is important to design windows in a reasonable way considering the performance characteristics of the elements of the window rather than just to increase the thermal energy performance of the window. In this study, the Heat-transfer Coefficient as insulation performance of the windows and together with the grade of the glass's SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient) were analyzed to relate to the energy efficiency performance of the building by azimuth angle. Based on this basic study, the Heat-transfer Coefficient of windows and the SHGC rating of glass were applied to the unit plan of apartment building, and the Heating and Cooling Demand were analyzed by azimuth angle. Apartment plan types were divided into 2 types of Non-extension and extension of balcony. The designPH analysis data derived from the variant of the Heat-transfer Coefficient and SHGC, were put into PHPP(Passive House Planning Package) to analyze precisely the energy efficiency(Heating and Cooling Demands) of the building by azimuth angle. In addition, assuming the 'ㅁ' shape layout, energy efficiency performance and potential of PV Panel installation also were analyzed by floors and azimuth angle, reflecting the shading effects by surrounding buildings. As the results of the study, the effect of Heat Gain by SHGC was greater than Heat Loss due to the Heat-transfer Coefficient. So it is more effective to increase SHGC to satisfy the same Heating Demand, and increasing SHGC made possible to design windows with low Heat-transfer Coefficient. It was also revealed that the difference in annual Heating and Cooling Demands between the low, mid and high floor households is significantly high. In addition to it, the installation of PV Panel in the form of a shading canopy over the window reduces the Cooling Load while at the same time producing electricity, and also confirmed that absolute thermal energy efficiency could not be maximized without controlling the thermal bridge and ventilation problems as important heat loss factors.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.416-421
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• 2005

Most of solar system dissemination has been focused on domestic hot water system of which utilization to a building is relatively simple and safe than solar heating system. Through the survey on a cause of solar house dissemination failure in Korea, we conclude that design integration and systematic approach method for technology application are the most important element for a successful solar house. KIER(Korea Institute of Energy Research) and Hanbat National University have started new project on a development of Zero energy Solar House, called ZeSH which can be sustained just by natural energy without the support of existing fossil fuel. This is the 1st phase research of 10 years long-term ZeSH plan which develops a low-cost and $100\%$ self sufficient ZeSH. The goal of 1st phase ZeSH research is to get a $70\%$ self sufficiency only in thermal loads. Actual demonstration house, named KIER ZeSH I was designed and constructed as a result of 1st phase research work in the end of 2002. Various innovative technologies such as super insulation, high performance window, passive and active solar systems, ventilation heat recovery system are applied and evaluated to the KIER ZeSH I. A lot of computer simulations had been conducted for the optimal design and system integration in every design steps. Considering all the results from detailed hourly computer simulation, it is expected that at least $70\%$ self-sufficiency in thermal loads which is 1st phase target value can be excessively achieved in actual demonstration house. Besides, many valuable findings from the design and analysis to construction could be established such as collaboration method among the participants, practical design and construction techniques for system integration and the others. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the main findings through the development of KIER ZeSH I project. Practical guidelines in every design step for new low- or zero- energy solar house is proposed as result.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2016

Purpose: This preliminary study investigated a potential of the water wall systems that provide heat storage and natural lighting control simultaneously. Method: In order for transparency of the water wall to be controlled, the study first proposed two measures: to adjust transparency of the water wall; to control transparency of water wall surface. The performance of two measures then was verified and compared by experiments. In addition, a trade-off between heat collect and heat storage resulting from using additive for adjusting transparency was investigated. Result: The experiment showed that the two measures are similar in performance. The investigation of trade-off relation showed the additive should have the same heat storage as the water to prevent decrease in thermal performance of the water wall. As an economical measure to control transparency of the water wall, this study suggested a measure of secondary heat transfer systems using shading device that first absorbs solar radiation and then transfers heat to the water wall. The experiment show that performance of the proposed measure is similar to controlling transparency of water wall surface. In conclusion, it is expected that the performance of the water wall can be economically maximized by using the proposed mean in terms of heating, cooling and lighting energy saving.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.204-209
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• 2021

Corrosion failure analysis of the flow plate, which is one of the accessories of the plate heat exchanger in a district heating system, was performed. The flow plate is made of 316 stainless steel, and water at different temperatures in the flow plate exchanges heat in a non-contact manner. The flow plate samples in which water mixing issues occurred were collected. Corrosion-induced pits, oxides, and contaminants were observed at locations where two plates are regularly in contact. The EDS analysis of the surface oxides and contaminants revealed that they were composed of carbon, silicon, and magnesium, which came from chemical adhesives. The IC/ICP analyses showed that the concentration of chloride ions was 30 ~ 40 ppm, which was not sufficient to cause corrosion of stainless steel. In the crevice, a local decrease in dissolved oxygen occurs along with an increase in chloride ions, thus forming an acidic environment. These environments destroyed the passive film of stainless steel, resulting in pits. Moreover, contaminants formed a narrower gap between the two metal plates and inhibited the diffusion of ions, thereby accelerating crevice corrosion.