• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.133-143
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• 2003

Numerous evidence have been reported that fine particulate matters can play an important role in threatening human health. Recently concerns on fine particle pollution from various engines may require re-examination of particulate emission standards. The particles emitted by most diesel engines are mainly divided into their size ranges such as Dp< 50 nm and 50 nm< Dp< 1,000 nm. In this work, the number concentration and the size distribution of fine particles emitted from an exhaust manifold of a railroad diesel engine were measured under load test conditions using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). The fine particles observed were within the range of 7 to 304 nm under different load conditions with two different dilution ratios. The fine particles exhibited unique patterns showing bimodal shapes in size distribution.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.442-447
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• 2005

Concentrations of aliphatic hydrocarbons in water, particulate matter, and sediment phase were measured at five stations in Gyeongan River. Aliphatic hydrocarbons from $n-C_{10}$ to $n-C_{17}$ were detected in the water phase and they might be originated from not only biogenic hydrocarbons also petroleum hydrocarbon. $n-C_{17}$ aliphatic hydrocarbon and fatty acids were detected in the particulate matter phase. They might be originated from biological sources such as phytoplankton. Short alkane chains from $n-C_{10}$ to $n-C_{13}$ were detected in the sediment phase. They might be originated from sedimentation of biological hydrocarbons decomposed by bacteria or adsorption of petroleum hydrocarbon from the water phase.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.297-304
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• 2024

PM (Particulate Matters) was collected from a bag filter dust collector at an aluminum foundries, and its physicochemical properties were investigated using particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDS). The median volume diameter of the particles passing through the pretreatment dust collector of the cyclone was approximately 10 ㎛. The cyclone pretreatment dust collector was shown to significantly reduce the throughput of large particles with a particle size of 100 ㎛ or more. The chemical composition of the particles showed a high Al content, and trace amounts of Mg, Si, and Zn were detected.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.273-274
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.1303-1308
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• 2011

In the modern society various types of transportation mode are utilized, among them the subway system is the one of the main transportation mode which more than 7.21 million people ride a day. Because of interests on the indoor air quality (IAQ) of underground public facilities, concerns on IAQ of subway system by many people are increasing. There are several approach to improve IAQ of subway station, such as installing platform screen door (PSD), frequent tunnel washing-out, and etc, however there has not been any attempt to improve IAQ of subway cabin inside. Most technologies for removing airborne particulate matters are known to be difficult to adopt on the subway cabin since the problem of maintenance cost. Therefore, the ultimate object of this study is a practical development of cabin air cleaning system which can reduce the concentration of airborne particles and harmful gases at the same time. The subway cabin air purifier (SCAP) was developed for removing particulate matters and gases pollutants inside a cabin. The whole system was designed and the roll-filter device was manufactured based on numerical prediction results. It is expected that SCAP could reduce indoor air pollutants in the subway cabin practically and it can be applied to other part of transportation vehicles.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.567-576
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• 1996

Air pollution has been recognized for many years as a factor which heightens the risk of cancer. Extractable polycyclic organic matters in air particulates have been recognized as to have carcinogenic effects. This study examined the health risks posed by organic substances of air particulates in Seoul based on methodelogies that have been developed for conducting risk posed by organic substances of sir particulates in Seoul based on methodologies that have been developed for conducting risk assessment of complex -chemical-mixture. The data used in this study was obtained from air samples collected in a heavy traffic area of Seoul (Shinchon) from 1986 to 1994. The mean concentration of total supended pariculates was 158.0.mu.g/m/msup 3/, 5% of which is consisted of organic matter. The excess cancer risk from benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) was estimated to be 3.48.times.10$^{-6}$ by applying BaP unit risk estimates to the mean concentration. 8.74ng/m BaP equivalents of potency method was 1.0.times.10$^{-3}$ . The calculated risk from EOM were comparably higher than that from benzo(a)pyrene and exceeded the acceptable risk level.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.15-23
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• 1999

In recent years, environmental damage to urban area becomes serious problem due to the exhaust emissions by increasing the number of vehicle . Especially, diesel particulate matters(DPM) are hazardous air pollutant s to human health and environment. The reduction technologies of exhaust emissions from diesel engines are improvement of engine combustion, fuel quality and development of diesel exhaust aftertreatment. In this study, a diesel oxidation catalyst(DOC) that is one of diesel exhaust aftertreatments was made for performance evaluation . It was tested for NA and turbocharged engine by D-13 mode that currently be used for regulation driving test mode in Korea Scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) was used for the analysis of the particle size distribution with and w/o DOC. As the results , for NA and tubochartged engine, CO, THC, DPM was respectively reduced 85.7, 40.7,3.3% and 79.1, 53.1, 11.6% by DOC. Test results of particle size distribution was showed that particle number is 107 ~108per ㎤ , 2 $\times$105 ~5$\times$105$\mu\textrm{g}$/㎥ for weight concentration and 100~200nm for particle mean size in diesel engine and there is no effect to reduce the particle concentration by the DOC.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.21-26
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• 2013

Diesel low temperature combustion (LTC) is the concept where fuel is burned at a low temperature oxidation regime so that $NO_x$ and particulate matters (PM) can simultaneously be reduced. There are two ways to realize low temperature combustion in compression ignition engines. One is to supply a large amount of EGR gas combined with advanced fuel injection timing. The other is to use a moderate level of EGR with fuel injection at near TDC which is generally called Modulated kinetics (MK) method. In this study, the effects of fuel injection pressure on performance and emissions of a single cylinder engine were evaluated using the latter approach. The engine test results show that MK operations were successfully achieved over a range of with 950 to 1050 bar in injection pressure with 16% $O_2$ concentration, and $NO_x$ and PM were significantly suppressed at the same time. In addition, with an increase in fuel injection pressure, the levels of smoke, THC and CO were decreased while $NO_x$ emissions were increased. Moreover, as fuel injection timing retarded to TDC, more THC and CO emissions were generated, but smoke and $NO_x$ were decreased.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.371-381
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• 1995

To investigate the concentrations and transport patterns of particulate metals in river suspended matters, eighteen samples were collected from a fixed station located in the upper part of the Keum River through one year, and analysed for major elements (AI, Fe, P, Mn) and trace elements (Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, U). The contents of metals in suspended particulate matters (SPM) varied greatly with season and SPM load; maximum value in winter with low SPM level and minimum value in flood period and in spring Yangtze SPMs. The different trace metal level between rivers of Korea and China may be caused by the different geology of drainage basin(U) and by the different extent of anthropogenic input (Mn, Pb). Most of all particulate metals (>70%) except Mn, P and Cd were transported in the flood period with high water discharge and high suspended load. The magnitude of each transport phase (dissolved, non-detrital and detrital metals) was compared. The portions of labile metals (dissolved plus non-detrital metals) in the aquatic environment were in the range of 50%(Co) to 92%(Mn) of total metal transport and in the rank of Mn>Cd, U>Cu>Zn>Ni>Pb>Co.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.31 no.1 s.60
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• pp.82-90
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• 1998

A large number of studies have indicated associations between particulate air pollution and daily mortality. Daily measurements of total suspended particulates (TSP) by high volume air sampler were matched to daily death counts supplied by the National Statistics Office, Korea. All deaths, except deaths from accidents, occurred at Ulsan from 1 January 1991 to 31 December 1994 were considered in the poisson regression analysis. The multiple regression models were used to investigate a main effects of air particulate pollution controlling for $SO_2$ levels, air temperature, relative humidity, seasonal variation, and calendar year. The results indicated that the effects of TSP, $SO_2$, temperature, and relative humidity were not significantly associated with all cause mortality. It could, however, be emphasized that the size of the parameter estimate of TSP was very similar to that of previous studies. An increase in particulates of $100{\mu}g/m^3$ was associated with a 3% increase in mortality. This relationship was observed at TSP levels well below the current National Ambient Air Quality Standard of $150{\mu}g/m^3$ in Korea as well.