• 한국분말야금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국분말야금학회 2006년도 Extended Abstracts of 2006 POWDER METALLURGY World Congress Part 1
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• pp.173-174
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• 2006

X-ray analysis on iron ores and reduced iron powders revealed that the main acid-insoluble substances were hexagonal and tetragonal quartz, another substances were sillimanite, alumina-silicate, an unnamed zeolite, all contained Si and Al. Their particle size was in the range of $3{\sim}7\;{\mu}m$. Statistics analysis showed that the AIC for high-grade magnetite powder was $(0.130{\pm}0.010)%$) during the latest five months. The predicting value for reduced iron powder should be 0.179%. However, the testing value for reduced iron powder was $(0.192{\pm}0.014)%$. The limited difference of 0.013% might imply rare pollution coming from the reduction and milling processes. The most important step for control AIC should be the separation process of iron ore powders.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.63-66
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• 2003

High $T_c$ superconducting lines will be applied as key materials in the areas of power transmission line; magnetic levitation of vehicle; magnetic separation; magnetic energy storage and marine propulsion. A combination method of electrophoresis deposition and zone-melting for preparation of YBaCuO tape is proposed. The submicron particle powder of YBaCuO made by sol-gel method is used in the electrophoresis process. A 40∼50 ${\mu}\textrm{m}$ thickness of YBaCuO film on Ag plate could be deposited in about three minutes. After deposition the film is rolled and heat treated in order to increase the density and the adhesion of the film to the Ag plate. Silver(Ag) and lead oxide(PbO) were added in the YBaCuO powder in order to reduce its melting point. The YBaCuO coating with controlled Ag and PbO contents was preliminarily zone-melted at about $945^{\circ}C$.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.209-221
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• 2023

반도체 제조 공정에서 사용되는 제품의 외관 검사 및 포장 단계에서 정전기에 의해 particle이 제품 자체나 운반용 도구 등에 흡착되는 문제가 발생한다. 본 연구는 실용 트리즈 기법을 활용하여 제품에 particle이 흡착되는 문제를 개선할 수 있는 방법론을 제시한다. 제시한 실용 트리즈 기반의 방법론을 적용하여 문제를 정의하고, 제품 대기 시간으로 인해 발생하는 모순을 도출하였다. 도출된 모순 중 물리적 모순을 설정하고 '공간분리'의 개념을 적용하여 '이오나이저 설치' 및 '작업실 Layout 개선'이라는 해결방안을 도출하였다. 실용 트리즈 적용을 통해 도출한 '이오나이저 설치' 및 '작업실 Layout 개선'을 적용하여 실험한 결과, 제품이 대기하는 시간에서 발생되는 particle 흡착 문제를 해결할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 본 연구를 통해, 제조현장에서 근무하는 작업자, 설비 엔지니어, 기술 엔지니어들이 실용 트리즈 기법을 활용하여 창의적 사고, 발상의 전환을 통해 직면한 문제를 효과적으로 해결하고 혁신적인 기술개발 및 생산성 향상에 기여할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.327-334
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• 2015

Objectives: In order to review both the effects of sewage sludge dewaterability and deodorizing ability in the existing advanced sewage treatment process, BIO-CLOD (a solidified mixture of 10% Bacillus concentrate and inorganics) was used as an inorganic conditioner effective for deodorization treatment in addition to the removal of organic matter and nutritive salts. Methods: Sludge dewaterability was evaluated using specific resistance to filtration (SRF) experiments with six agitators and two types of commercially available BIO-CLOD; one that is made by grinding solid matter (powdered BIO-CLOD) and one that has been obtained by sieving a separation with a particle diameter of 100 mesh (100 mesh BIO-CLOD). For deodorization odor treatment experiments, 20 g of commercially available solid BIO-CLOD was submerged in four liters of sewage sludge and mixed and agitated for 45 days. Results: When BIO-CLOD was injected into sewage sludge to experimentally compare specific resistance to filtration (SRF), the optimum amount of BIO-CLOD to be injected was shown to be 2% w/v and the SRF value in this case was $1.35{\times}10^{12}m/kg$. pH changes following BIO-CLOD injection were within 6.5-7.0. By 14 days after submerging BIO-CLOD into the sewage sludge to evaluate its deodorizing ability, $H_2S$ decreased by 68% and methyl mercaptan decreased by 74%. By 45 days after the submergal, both items decreased by 100%, indicating deodorizing ability. Conclusion: To compare the levels of dewaterablity of sewage sludge at different particle sizes of inorganic conditioner, powdered BIO-CLOD, particle size 100 mesh BIO-CLOD, and bentonite were tested. It could be seen that as the powdered BIO-CLOD increased, the precipitability increased up to 62% in 30 minutes. As an inorganic conditioner, BIO-CLOD was identified as a stable sludge conditioner that does not affect pH.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.201-207
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• 2004

Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is a solid-liquid separation process that uses fine rising bubbles to remove particles in water. Most of particle-bubble collision occurs in the DAF contact zone. This initial contact considered by the researchers to play a important role for DAF performance. It is hard to make up conceptual model through simple mass balance for estimating collision efficiency in the contact zone because coupled behavior of the solid-liquid-gas phase in DAF system is 90 complicate. In this study, 2-phase(gas-liquid) flow equations for the conservation of mass, momentum and turbulence quantities were solved using an Eulerian-Eulerian approach based on the assumption that very small particle is applied in the DAF system. For the modeling of turbulent 2-phase flow in the reactor, the standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ mode I(liquid phase) and zero-equation(gas phase) were used in CFD code because it is widely accepted and the coefficients for the model are well established. Particle-bubble collision efficiency was calculated using predicted turbulent energy dissipation rate and gas volume fraction. As the result of this study, the authors concluded that bubble size and recycle ratio play important role for flow pattern change in the reactor. Predicted collision efficiency using CFD showed good agreement with measured removal efficiency in the contact zone. Also, simulation results indicated that collision efficiency at 15% recycle ratio is higher than that of 10% and showed increasing tendency of the collision efficiency according to the decrease of the bubble size.

• 자원리싸이클링
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.56-60
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• 2015

광물찌꺼기의 효율적인 활용을 위하여 부유선별공정에서 배출되어 1차 분급된 시료를 대상으로 정밀분급을 실시하였다. 0.1 MPa - 0.3 MPa의 주입압력(공급유량)과 5% - 15%의 광액농도 조건에서 2인치 습식사이클론을 이용하여 분급시험을 진행한 결과, 주입압력 (공급유량)이 감소할수록 광액농도가 증가할수록 분리입도는 증가하였다. 광액농도 5%와 주입압력 0.3 MPa의 조건에서 overflow와 underflow의 평균입도는 각각 $6.56{\mu}m$와 $55.45{\mu}m$를 나타내었다. 분급효율은 광액농도를 증가시키거나 주입압력을 감소시킬수록 이상적인 분급효과에 근접하였다. 광액농도가 증가할수록 탈수효과는 증가하며, 주입압력에 따른 변화는 크지 않았다. 광액농도 15 %와 주입압력 0.3 MPa의 조건에서 underflow의 함수율은 27.9%로 나타났다.

• 한국결정성장학회지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.238-244
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• 2007

수열합성법으로 합성 제조한 TMA-A 제올라이트 내부에 이온교환법을 이용하여 나노사이즈의 ZnO 결정을 성공적으로 담지하였다. TMA-A 제올라이트의 최적 합성 조성비로는 $Al(i-pro)_3$:2.2 TEOS:2.4 TMAOH:0.3 NaOH:200 $H_2O$으로 된 용액이었다. ZnO를 담지시킨 TMA-A 제올라이트의 합성을 위하여 0.3g의 TMA-A 제올라이트와 5mol의 $ZnCl_2$ solution을 사용하였다. 각각의 시료를 혼합, 교반, 원심분리, 건조의 과정을 거쳐서 준비한 ZnO를 담지시킨 TMA-A 제올라이트 precursor를 $400{\sim}600^{\circ}C$에서 3시간 동안 열처리하였다. TMA-A 제올라이트의 결정화 과정을 X-ray diffraction (XRD)을 이용하여 분석하였으며, Brunaur-Emett-Teller(BET) 비표면적을 측정하였다. 또한, 온도와 시간에 따른 입자의 형상이나 크기를 scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM) 및 입도분석을 통하여 관찰하였다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.317-324
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• 2020

플라스틱은 우수한 물성과 가공성 및 경제성으로 소비가 급증하고 있는 반면에, 분리, 선별이 제대로 이루어지고 있지 않아 재활용률이 저조한 실정이다. 특히, 생활폐기물 발생 폐플라스틱은 이물질과 혼합배출로 분리, 선별 공정 비용이 증가하여 재활용이 상대적으로 저조한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 생활폐기물 발생 복합 폐플라스틱을 콘크리트용 골재로 재활용하기 위한 기초 연구로 폐플라스틱 종류(복합재질 1종류 및 단일 재질 2종류) 및 치환율(잔골재 용적 대비 25%, 50% 및 75%)에 따른 콘크리트 특성 변화를 실험적으로 평가하였다. 복합재질의 폐플라스틱 굵은 골재는 양호한 입도 분포로 부순 굵은 골재 대비 밀도는 낮고 흡수율은 높은 것으로 나타났다. 반면에, 단일재질의 폐플라스틱 잔골재는 균일한 크기의 입자로 구성되었으며 부순 잔골재 대비 밀도와 흡수율 모두 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 복합재질 굵은 골재 치환 콘크리트는 가장 많은 폐플라스틱 치환량에도 양호한 입도 분포로 재료 분리 현상이 발생하지 않았으며, 공기랑도 증가량도 적은 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 폐플라스틱 골재의 낮은 강도, 소수성으로 인한 시멘트 수화반응 억제, 폐플라스틱 골재와 시멘트 페이스트 사이의 낮은 부착력 등으로 폐플라스틱 골재 치환량이 증가함에 따라 콘크리트의 압축강도 및 휨강도는 감소하였으며, 입도 분포가 양호한 복합재질의 폐플라스틱 굵은 골재를 치환한 콘크리트의 압축강도 및 휨강도의 저하 정도가 상대적으로 작은 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2021

A cyclone is a dust-separating mechanism that works on the principle of centrifugal force. The performance of a cyclone is evaluated using pressure loss and collection efficiency. A multi-cyclone arrangement is used to improve the collection efficiency within a limited area. In this study, experiments and numerical analyses were conducted on a dual arrangement of mini-hydrocyclone separators, which was fabricated using 3D printing. The experiment was performed at an inlet flow rate of 0.7 m/s, and alumina powder with a particle size of 0.5, 15, and 50 ㎛. ANSYS FLUENT, was used for the numerical analysis. The reliability of the numerical analysis was verified through a comparison with the experimental results. The errors in the experiment and numerical analysis were confirmed to be 2% at the outlet flow rate.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.64-71
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• 2019

In recent years, carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) bubbles emerged as the most widely applied material with the recycling of sequestrated storage to decrease global warming. Flotation using $CO_2$ as an alternative to air could be effective in overcoming the high power consumption in the dissolved air flotation (DAF) process. The comparison of DAF and DCF system indicated that, the carbon dioxide flotation (DCF) system with pressurized $CO_2$ only requires 1.5 ~ 2.0 atm, while the DAF system requires 3.0 ~ 6.0 atm. In a bid to understand the characteristics of particle separation, the single collector collision (SCC) model was used and a series of simulations were conducted to compare the differences of collision and flotation between $CO_2$ bubbles and air bubbles. In addition, laboratory experiments were sequentially done to verify the simulation results of the SCC model. Based on the simulation results, surfactant injection, which is known to decrease bubble size, cloud improved the collision efficiency of $CO_2$ bubbles similar to that of air bubbles. Furthermore, the results of the flotation experiments showed similar results with the simulation of the SCC model under anionic surfactant injection. The findings led us to conclude that $CO_2$ bubbles can be an alternative to air bubbles and a promising material as a collector to separate particles in the water and wastewater.