• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.395-402
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• 1979

Intracellular pH was determined by distribution of 5.5-dimethyl-2,4-oxazolidlnedione [DMO]in the skeletal muscle of dogs before and after lactic acidosis induced by intravenous infusion of lactic acid solution. After infusion of lactic acid solution arterial pH decreased from 7.40 to around 7.12 [P<0.001]and metabolic acidosis was induced. However, dose-pH change response was not proportional as in the case of hydrochloric acid infusion. During lactic acidosis, intracellular pH changed very little except when venous blood $pCO_2$ increased significantly. The decrease of intracellular pH in lactic acidosis might be due primarily to the increase of intracellular $pCO_2$. And during lactic acidosis, change of extracellular pH was larger than that of intracellular pH, and this was also the case of change In hydrogen Ion concentration in extracellular and intracellular fluid. The fact was estimated that exogenous lactic acid transported into the cell does not contribute to pH change by the participation in the metabolism. Change in plasma potassium Ion concentration was not eminent as metabolic acid-base disturbances by other origin, and changing pattern of Hi/He ratio was not same as Ki/Ke ratio. In spite of no changes in extracellular potassium ion concentration after exogenous lactic acidosis total amount of potassium ion in extracellular fluid increased from 12.62mEg to 18.26mEg [P< 0.05].

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.27-35
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• 2004

Beevenom immunotherapy(BVIT) in allergic patients is a well-established treatment modality for the prevention of systemic anaphylactic reactions caused by insect stings. BVIT is accompanied by increases in allergen-specific IgG, particularly the IgG4 isotype, which blocks not only IgE-dependent histamine release from basophils but also IgE-mediated antigen presentation to T cells. Inhibition of T cells after BVIT also involves decreased induction of the costimulatory molecule ICOS, which, in turn, seems to be dependent on the presence of IL-10, also associated with the inhibited status of T cells after BVIT. Suppression of T cells by IL-10 is an active process, which depends on the expression and participation of CD28. Immune tolerance in specific allergen immunotherapy might be a consequence of decreased Th2 or increased Th1 response of allergen specific T lymphocytes. BVIT shifted cytokine responses to allergen from a TH-2 to a TH-1 dominant pattern, suggesting direct effects on T cells. Many studies showed that severe side effects due to venom immunotherapy are rare. These results suggest that immunological changes after BVIT may be applied to be therapeutic alternative of general allergic diseases including beevenom allergy.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.103-116
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• 2013

Meanwhile, the governmental organization has been familiar with construction and method of one-way communication focused on public relation. As a result, it is true that there are few customers who have interest in, understand, and actively participate in public policy of the government.However, by propagation of smart phone terminal, public relation of government policy is diversified such as SNS, application manufacture, etc. It paved the way for actively increasing customers' comprehension of relevant information and participation as well. With that background in mind, this research tried to search pattern and feature of SNS strategy through domestic and American examples for improving trustof government policy and find common ground in order to seek for solution to help government office conduct a PR campaign more efficiently through SNS.

• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.107-120
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• 2003

In Web Based Instruction, as evaluation of learning process means individual student's learning activity, it demands data on learning time, pattern, participation, environment in a specific learning contents. The purpose of this paper is to reflect analysis results of individual student's learning status in achievement evaluation using the most suitable web log mining to settle evaluation problem of learning process, an issue in web based instruction. The contents and results of this study are as following. First, conformity item for learning status analysis is determined and web log data preprocessing is executed. Second, on the basis of web log data, I construct student's database and analyze learning status using data mining techniques.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.61-75
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• 2012

Objectives: A great number of the elderly are not aware of having metabolic syndrome, and this pattern differs among regions of the nation. This issue is particularly important for the elderly people with chronic diseases. This study was conducted in order to identify the prevalence, predicting factors of perception and exercise behaviors of among the elderly population. Methods: Using data from the 2009 Korean Community Health Survey, we employed two-level logistic regression models to determine whether individual and community factors are associated with perception and exercise behaviors among the elderly population. Results: Results from weighted two-level logistic regression analyses indicated the individual-level factors of smoking, education level, health center education, community exercise program participation and unmet needs in men, and marital status (being separated), health center education women predicted the elders' perception. As for the community-level predictors, higher smoking and living in regions with high suicide rates significantly predicted the elders' perception and exercise behaviors of metabolic syndrome. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that education according to stage would increase the perception and motivation toward healthier behavior particularly for the elderly with lower perception levels of metabolic syndrome.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the pattern change of throwing in baseball after 15 weeks of participation in baseball class, by examining ball speed, trunk and upper body angles. The comparison was with 6 university students that haven't had any experience in baseball. 8 infra red cameras and 2 force platforms were used to collect the data. First, there was an increase in the speed of the ball after the class. Second, there was no significant difference in the allocated phases during the throw before and after class. Third, the release point was lower and more in front. Forth, there was an increase in the knee flexion at the left foot landing and release point. Finally, there was an increase in the maximum shoulder external rotation and pelvis angle. It is recommended that the coordination between the segments should be investigated to improve our understanding of the learning of throwing in future research.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.112-117
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a task-specific obstacle crossing rehabilitation program on functional gait ability in patients with cerebellar ataxia. Overall, we sought to provide ataxia-specific locomotor rehabilitation guidelines for use in clinical practice based on quantitative evidence using relevant analysis of gait kinematics including valid clinical tests. Methods: Patients with cerebellar disease (n=13) participated in obstacle crossing training focusing on maintenance of dynamic balance and posture, stable transferring of body weight, and production of coordinated limb movements for 8 weeks, 2 times per week, 90 minutes per session. Throughout the training of body weight transfer, the instructions emphasized conscious perception and control of the center of body stability, trunk and limb alignment, and stepping kinematics during the practice of each walking phase. Results: According to the results, compared with pre-training data, foot clearance, pre-&post-obstacle distance, delay time, and total obstacle crossing time were increased after intervention. In addition, body COM measures indicated that body sway and movement variability, therefore posture stability during obstacle crossing, showed improvement after training. Based on these results, body sway was reduced and stepping pattern became more consistent during obstacle crossing gait after participation in patients with cerebellar ataxia. Conclusion: Findings of this study suggest that task-relevant obstacle crossing training may have a beneficial effect on recovery of functional gait ability in patients with cerebellar disease.

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.26-38
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• 2017

Even through many professional organizations increasingly use Q&A sites in their online communities for information sharing, there are few studies which examine what is really going on in the Q&A activities in professional online communities (POC). This study aims to examine the interaction patterns and contents posted in the Q&A site of a POC, KOSEN, a science and technology online community in South Korea, focusing on how actively scientific information and knowledge are shared. The interaction patterns among the participants were identified through social network analysis (SNA) and the contents in the Q&As were examined by content analysis. The results show that the overall network indicated a moderate level of participation and connection and answerers especially tended to be active. Also, there are different interaction patterns depending on academic fields. Relatively few participants were posting leaders who seemed to steer the overall interactions. Furthermore, some content related to manipulation and explanation for experiments, which are in urgent need, seem to be posted in the sites more frequently with more amounts. Combining both SNA and content analysis, this study demonstrated how actively information and knowledge is shared and what types of contents are exchanged. The findings have practical implications for POC managers and practitioners.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.131-139
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• 2011

This study is to examine architectural designers' views on the correlations between components and contextual principle of the roadside building facade with the roadside building facade on the border of Asian Culture Center in Gwangju which is expected to undergo a great change by public policies. For setting direction of the roadside building management at the region examined, height of facade, advertisement/signboard, security of continuity through surface pattern management, nodes building, array of height by story, awning/arcade and locality of advertisement/signboard should be induced to design with locality and consideration of local characteristics with silhouette, window and external colors is needed for discrimination from other cities. Regarding the realization method important thing was found that the planning and implementation of architectural design guidelines, architectural aesthetics of the pre-hearing enhancement, active citizen participation, and then additional landscape screening system, incentive schemes, landscape designation of landscape zone was found to be a major realization system.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.60 no.10
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• pp.88-99
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to express visual and functional diversity through modifiable design, and to suggest a methodological model. With this view, this study was aimed to departmentalize the case of knitwear in modifiable design of clothes and propose the possibility of variable knit fashion through make the most of knit's characteristics. Four wearable physical clothes using the most of flexible knits' characteristics were made for this study based on the modifiable design on the expressive tendency and analysis of plasticity. The following results were obtained. First, as modifiable knit design can create effects of several dresses in visual aspect and functional aspect, so it has practicality and functionality. Because modifiable clothes required wearer's participation, this have amusement that give enjoyment and freshness to wearer. Second, in mode of wearing, flexibility of knit is suitable character to open & close and change of wearing position. In manipulation, a prearranged plan for line of clothes and good choice of subsidiary materials are important. Third, the characteristics of knits allow using and mixing with different pattern and materials on the two sides of the same cloths except for the some of the parts. Moreover, there is no unraveled thread on the part of knits margin against woven, so it has the broad applicable range for the changeable design. Finally, the form and function, a prearranged plan for modifiable design of clothes have all contributed in creating new structure and patterns in design.