• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.387-396
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• 2015

기존 쉴드터널은 일률적으로 비배수 개념이 적용되고 있지만 시공 및 운영 과정에서 고질적인 누수 발생이 문제가 되고 있으며, 쉴드 세그먼트의 경우 토압 및 수압까지 고려한 설계로 인해 단면이 과다하게 증가되고 세그먼트 재료비 상승을 유발하고 있다. 이러한 문제점들을 개선하기 위해 쉴드터널에 배수 개념을 적용한 부분배수형 쉴드터널에 대한 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 부분배수 쉴드터널의 적용 가능성을 평가하기 위해 축소모형실험을 통해 배수 및 비배수 조건에서의 토압 및 수압 변화를 측정하였다. 실험 결과를 통해 도출된 수압 저감 효과를 바탕으로 지하수위 아래 위치한 쉴드터널 설계사례에 적용하여 구조 안정성을 검토하였고, 수압 저감을 통한 세그먼트 단면 축소 효과에 대해 평가하였다.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2001

The main purpose of this study is to seek desalinization effect of subsurface drainage system with rice hull packing in Dae-Ho Reclaimed Land. After 4 years installed sub-surface drainage system, distribution of drained water electric conductivity (ECw) was 4.43~12.78 ds/m. The soil profile showed partial development of the soil structure and compaction of subsoils with increased bulk density. The bulk density of the subsoil was 1.42~1.66 g/cm$^3$, which might limit root growth. The soil color changed near the drainage pipe line. Distribution of soil extract solution ECe and SAR as subsurface drainage pipe position and drainage canal distance showed desalinization effect of subsurface drainage system with rice hull packing as widening effective zone of subsurface drainage pipe.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.30-32
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• 1979

Partial anomalous pulmonary drainage is frequently accompanied by an atrial septal defect. The anomaly is entirely compatible with life and the clinical findings are dependent primarily on the proportion of the pulmonary venous return to the right atrium. The anomaly is frequently missed even with complete diagnostic study. In this report we are presenting a case of anomalous pulmonary venous drainage combined with atrial septal defect and dextrocardia and the treatment of this condition.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2010년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1982-1990
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• 2010

서울지하철 1~4호선 구간에서 부분적으로 도시터널공법을 채택하여 건설한 노선은 2~4호선으로서, 2호선 구간은 2기 지하철 건설시 시공된 신정기지 인입선 도림천~까치산역 구간 터널을 제외하고는 전체가 재래식 공법(ASSM)을 3~4호선 터널은 지형적인 여건 및 토압의 영향에 따라서 ASSM공법과 NATM공법을 병행하여 건설하였으며, 지하수 처리 형식은 지반조건과 지형적인 조건, 지하수위 저하에 의한 영향, 장기적인 운전 유지비 등을 감안하여 배수 및 비배수 형식을 적용하여야 하나, 이에 대한 충분한 사전검토 없이 채택하므로서 완전방수(비배수) 형식은 건설시에도 시공성이 떨어지고 기술적으로도 불합리한 요소를 지닌 채 설치되었으며, 부분방수(배수)형식은 배수관 기능저하, 배수구배 부적정 등으로 인해서 터널 구조물의 유지관리에서 누수와 수압에 의한 라이닝 콘크리트 균열, 박리 현상이 지속적으로 발생하여 보수 및 보강공사에 많은 비용이 소요되고 또한 터널 안정성 확보에 어려움이 있는 실정이다. 그러므로 터널 방수 형식에 대한 설계 및 시공 개념을 고찰함으로서 기술적인 문제점 등을 파악해서 유지관리의 개선 방향을 제안하고자 한다.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제32권9호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2016

서해안의 인천 및 화성지역에 분포하는 모래 및 실트 함유량이 많은 저소성 지반에 대해 피에조콘관입시험(CPTU) 데이터 및 강제치환 공법을 이용하여 부분배수 특성을 분석하였다. Powell과 Quarterman(1988)에 의한 과압밀비 $OCR={\kappa}(q_t-{\sigma}_{vo})/{\sigma}^{\prime}_{vo})$ 경험식은 모래함유량이 많은 서해안 저소성 실트 지반에서는 상대적으로 투수성이 커서 표준관입속도(2cm/s)하에서 콘관입저항력($q_t$)이 크게 평가되어 과압밀비가 크게 산정되는 경향을 나타냈다. Schnaid et al. (2004)는 간극수압계수($B_q$)-강도증가율($s_u/{\sigma}^{\prime}_{vo}$)-정규화된 콘저항($Q_t=(q_t-{\sigma}_{vo})/{\sigma}^{\prime}_{vo}$)을 함께 도시하여, 부분배수 유무를 판단하도록 제시하였는데, 인천 및 화성 지역의 CPTU 데이터의 50% 이상이 부분배수 상태를 나타내는 $B_q$ < 0.3에 분포하였다. 또한, 강제치환 시공과정 중 부분배수 현상으로 인해 원지반의 강도증가 현상이 발생되어 설계 예상 치환깊이보다 훨씬 작은 실측값이 얻어진다는 관점에서 실측 치환깊이와 동일한 값이 얻어지도록 원지반의 지지력에 대한 역해석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 소성지수가 감소할수록 내부마찰각이 커지는 경향을 나타내며, 내부마찰각(${\varphi}^{\prime}$)이 $2{\sim}7^{\circ}$의 범위에서 분포하는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.685-692
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• 2000

Vertical drain used improvement soft clay is made of not only decreasing construction time but also increasing the ground strength during some decades. As, it is applied to improvement soft clay with vertical drain, it is designed by the result that is caused by oedemeter test ignored anisotropic of the ground related to consolidation conditions. When we are expected consolidation conditions, the most important factors is soil of compaction and water permeability. Above all, anisotropic of the ground permeability show the results which differ between vertical and radial drainage. Recently, We study for radial consolidation coefficient and permeability coefficient that utilized Rowe Cell Consolidation and permeability tester but, it dont use well because of not only a supply lack also difficulty of test. The paper experimented with searching anisotropic of the ground so there are Rowe Cell test, standard consolidation tester and modified standard consolidation test that have pohang's soft clay ground. Therefore, we find anisotropic of the ground and a tester of easy use more than before. We made a comparison test result between the devised tester and Rowe Cell tester, Also, we learned average degree of consolidation for partial penetrating vertical drains. We were found relations as effective stress-void and effective stress-permeability coefficient through those tests.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
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• pp.966-972
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• 2009

Soil-aggregate system in pavement foundations exist in unsaturated conditions. However, change in water content on foundation layers due to joint and structural cracks during rainfall may cause problems like layer deformations or partial settlements. Therefore, a need exist to evaluate the infiltration and drainage capacity of soil-aggregate foundation system under both saturated and unsaturated conditions. To do that, a laboratory soil-water characteristic curve and permeability under unsaturated conditions are assessed to establish hydraulic properties of geomaterials and limited numerical analysis are performed respectively. As a result, it was found that suction profiles and drainage process was greatly influenced by the initial suction of soil-aggregate system at the time of infiltration, soil water characteristics curves, and hysteresis effects.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.274-277
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• 1982

A Clinical analysis of 59 patients of thoracic empyema was done who were received surgical intervention at dept. of thoracic surgery of the C.A.F.G.H. in the period of 2.5 years from January 1979 to June 1982. Occurrence ratio of Left and Right side pleural cavity of empyema was 1: 1.4. The predisposing factors of empyema were pulmonary Tbc. [49%], Chest pain [25%], Cough [8%], in order. B.P.F. was associated with empyema in 5 cases. The pleural cavity empyema was treated with several surgical procedures and conservative measures. Among of the 59 cases, the 30 cases [50%] were treated with decortication, 12 cases [20%] with closed thoractomy drainage, 9 cases with frequent thoracenteses, 5 cases with partial decortication and thoracoplasty and 3 cases with open thoracostomy tube drainage. Among of the 59 cases thoracic empyema, the full recovery were in 32 cases [54%], partial recovery in 20 cases [34%], not improved in 3 cases [5%] and 3 cases were died. The mortality rate was 5% and the recovery rate was 89%.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.54-58
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• 2011

Objectives : There are many reports on attempts to minimize complications and recurrences of tumor by several techniques for benign parotid tumor resection. The purpose of our study is to find out meaning of procedure without identifying main trunk of facial nerve compared to conventional parotidectomy. Material and Methods : We classified 121 patients into two groups. Patients who were underwent superficial parotidectomy or partial superficial parotidectomy were included in idenitification group(IF group), and patients who were treated with conservative partial parotidectomy or extracapsular dissection without identification of main trunk of facial nerve were included in the non-identification group(NF group). We analyzed the location of tumor, operation time, mean drainage duration, complication, recurrence and cosmetic satisfaction in two groups. Results : NF group has shorter operation time and mean drainage duration than IF group, however there is no significant difference in complication and recurrence between two surgical techniques. The Cosmetic satisfaction was similar between two groups. Conclusion : Limited parotidectomy without finding main trunk of facial nerve may be reliable option for benign parotid tumors because it has advantages such as less operation time and mean drainage duration without increasing in recurrence or complication rate.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.52-56
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• 2003

A 10 year old boy was admitted with blunt abdominal trauma by bike handle injury. The patient was operated upon for a generalized peritonitis due to pancreaticoduodenal injury. On opening the peritoneal cavity. complete transection of distal end of common bile duct and. partial separation between pancreas head and second portion of duodenum were found. Ligation of the transected end of the common bile duct. T-tube choledochostomy, and external drainage were performed. A pseudocyst was found around the head portion of the pancreas on the 7th postoperative day with CT. An internal fistula had developed between the pseudocyst and ligated common bile duct. The pseudocyst was subsided after percutaneous drainage. In the case of the undetermined pancreatic injury, percutaneous external drainage can be effective in treating the traumatic pancreatic pseudocyst in a pediatric patient.