• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1171-1171
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• 2001

Quantitative analysis is an important requirement in exploration, mining and processing of minerals. There is an increasing need for the use of quantitative mineralogical data to assist with bore hole logging, deposit delineation, grade control, feed to processing plants and monitoring of solid process residues. Quantitative analysis using X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRD) requires fine grinding and the addition of a reference material, or the application of Rietveld analysis to XRD patterns to provide accurate analysis of the suite of minerals present. Whilst accurate quantitative data can be obtained in this manner, the method is time consuming and limited to the laboratory. Mid infrared when combined with multivariant analysis has also been used for quantitative analysis. However, factors such as the absorption coefficients and refractive index of the minerals requires special sample preparation and dilution in a dispersive medium, such as KBr to minimize distortion of spectral features. In contrast, the lower intensity of the overtones and combinations of the fundamental vibrations in the near infrared allow direct measurement of virtually any solid without special sample preparation or dilution. Thus Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIR) has found application for quantitative on-line/in line analysis and control in a range of processing applications which include, moisture control in clay and textile processing, fermentation processes, wheat analysis, gasoline analysis and chemicals and polymers. It is developing rapidly in the mineral exploration industry and has been underpinned by the development of portable NIR spectrometers and spectral libraries of a wide range of minerals. For example, iron ores have been identified and characterized in terms of the individual mineral components using field spectrometers. Data acquisition time of NIR field instruments is of the order of seconds and sample preparation is minimal. Consequently these types of spectrometers have great potential for in-line or on-line application in the minerals industry. To demonstrate the applicability of NIR field spectroscopy for quantitative analysis of minerals, a specific example on the quantification of lateritic bauxites will be presented. It has been shown that the application of Partial Least Squares regression analysis (PLS) to the NIR spectra can be used to quantify chemistry and mineralogy in a range of lateritic bauxites. Important, issues such as sampling, precision, repeatability, and replication which influence the results will be discussed.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.57-70
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• 2016

Gutnori(ritual A Comparative Study on Shaman's Costume of south coast Byeolsingut in Korea and the Guizhou Nahui in China play) refers to a play in the form of showing actual appearance of god and actual comedic gag with gutguri rhythm. In order to carry out a comparison between the shaman's costume in Korea and China, this study will delve into the types of shaman costumes that are worn in the gutnoris(mask plays) performed in Korean guts and those of China performed in Nahui. As research method, literature reviews and field surveys have been conducted concurrently. In terms of literature reviews, previous research have been studied centrally. For field surveys, Korean gut, Byeolsingut performance was observed for 2 days 1 night between 1st Feb. 2014-2nd Feb. 2014 in the south coast and Chinese Nahui in Guizhou was observed for 2 days 1 night between 25th Nov. 2014-26th Nov. 2014. By comparing Shaman's costume that is worn in Korean shamanism with that of Chinese shamanism as a partial means of understanding the uniqueness of Korean shaman's costume, the following conclusion was derived upon focusing on the common types of gutnori costumes and organizing them. As a universal trait for shaman's costumes in gutnori and nahui in Korea and China, traditional clothing were worn. A unique trait for shaman's costume in gutnori and nahui in Korea and China, deity expressions were shown in both cases using colors.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38B no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2013

In order to support mobility for sink groups, it is important to get the current location of a mobile sink group and then to offer the location to a source. Typically, previous works calculate a region including all member sinks by flooding; then, it notifies this region information to a source. However, flooding and location updates are periodically performed regardless of the group movement so that it causes considerable control overhead. In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient scheme supporting mobile sink groups. The proposed scheme obtains a location of a group without flooding. It exploits the inherent property of mobile sink groups which could approximate entire group movement by only partial member sinks movement. Also, the scheme learns group location by back-propagation learning method through exploiting overhearing feature in wireless communication environment. Our simulation studies show that the proposed scheme significantly improves in terms of energy consumption compared to the previous work.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.497-502
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• 2012

This study investigates the prediction of soil OM on Korean soils using the Visible-Near Infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy. The ASD Field Spec Pro was used to acquire the reflectance of soil samples to visible to near-infrared radiation (350 to 2500 nm). A total of 503 soil samples from 61 Korean soil series were scanned using the instrument and OM was measured using the Walkley and Black method. For data analysis, the spectra were resampled from 500-2450 nm with 4 nm spacing and converted to the $1^{st}$ derivative of absorbance (log (1/R)). Partial least squares regression (PLSR) and regression rules model (Cubist) were applied to predict soil OM. Regression rules model estimates the target value by building conditional rules, and each rule contains a linear expression predicting OM from selected absorbance values. The regression rules model was shown to give a better prediction compared to PLSR. Although the prediction for Andisols had a larger error, soil order was not found to be useful in stratifying the prediction model. The stratification used by Cubist was mainly based on absorbance at wavelengths of 850 and 2320 nm, which corresponds to the organic absorption bands. These results showed that there could be more information on soil properties useful to classify or group OM data from Korean soils. In conclusion, this study shows it is possible to develop good prediction model of OM from Korean soils and provide data to reexamine the existing prediction models for more accurate prediction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.115-115
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• 1997

A new capsaicin analog modified with 4-hydroxyl and alkyl chain of capsaicin was a very potent antiinflammatory analgesic drug and may be clinically useful for those who have rheumatoid arthritis, diabetic neuropathy and cancer. The purpose of this study was to investigate histopathology after short and long term application of poloxamer-based gels, and percutaneous absorption of various topical formulations. Poloxamer-based gel was prepared by cold method using poloxamer 407. The poloxamer gels was applied to dorsal sites of hairless mouse skin during one week or one month for the evaluation of skin irritation. The applied site was then sectioned for histopathologic examination. The topical formulations were also prepared using CMC, HPMC, MC, carbopol and glycerylmono stearate. Skin variation of poloxamer gels was studied using excised hairless mouse, rat, hamster and human penis skin. Franz-type diffusion cells were used far skin penetration of drug against receptor phase filled with about 10$m\ell$ of 0.9% saline solution kept at 32$^{\circ}C$. The concentration of drug was determined by the reverse phased C18, Symmetry HPLC with fluorometeric detector. No skin erythema was observed after dorsal application of poloxamer-based gels for one week or one month. No histopathologic changes was also examined, suggesting no skin toxicity of poloxamer-based gels. The order of flux rate was HPMC > MC ( CMC > poloxamer >> glycerylmono stearate ( carbopol. There was a skin variation of poloxamer gels. The flux rate of poloxamer gels was highest in case of hairless mouse followed by rat, human and hamster skin. The Partial support-Ministry of Science and Engineering (HAN project).

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.379-390
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• 2002

Science Revolution, which stands for new paradigm in an era as a transfer, usually is accompanied with a change in intellectual sphere. Futhermore, as there is an indissoluble connection between science and an, so the correlation of two realm lead to mutual prosperity in coexistence. Recently, concerns for the phenomena of non-linear dynamics in science and its quick adaptation in art made .it possible. What is important agenda for science and art is to suggest the process of creative evolution and its method, I believe. In order to attain these, different and contra way of thinking, spirit of research and venture for unpredictable things out of daily routine should be indispensible. In this study, I am offering and reviewing the space design based upon phenomena of nonlinear dynamics, drawn from concept of chaos in physics and mathematics. This study places a great emphasis on nonlinearity which should be understood as a whole, not partially, that enable a designer to find new cosmos and principles of creation. In addition to these, I wish that a designer would stop trying partial apply in nonlinear space. In fine, I hope this study enables a designer to adapt and generate nonlinearity as creative attribute in space by understanding of phenomena of nonlinear dynamics and its process as a whole.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.395-400
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• 2011

Phylogenetic analyses on the Phylum Mollusks has so far been conducted by many researchers in the world. However, there was no report on taxonomic analysis on Acila divaricata vigila which is belonging to Class Bivalvia, Subclass Protobranchia. In this study, we performed molecular phylogenetic analysis on Acila divaricata vigila using 16S rRNA sequence through maximum likelihood method. As a result, it is clearly divided into the legion of mollusk classification unit (when you zoom in order) and represented to support the current classification in the Phylum Mollusca belong to Class Bivalvia, Subclass Protobranchia, Subclass Pteriomorphia, Subclass Paleoheterodonta, Subclass Heterodonta and Subclass Anomalodesmacea. To our knowledge, this is the first report of molecular phylogenetic analysis on Acila divaricata vigila using 16S rRNA gene and these data suggests that 16S rRNA gene will be useful for analyzing the phylogenetic relationship of Subclass Protobranchia.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.07a
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• pp.913-916
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• 2001

From 1994 the cooperation between NEU of China and MJU of South Korea for study of ReBaCuO (Re=Rare earth elements) superconductors has been carried out. The progress has been got in following projects. Critical current density ($J_c$) of YBaCuO superconductor prepared by Melting Textured Growth (MTG) was improved. In the preparation of textured YBaCuO, 20 wt.% of YBaCuO 211 phase was added, which would be climactic for the microcracks in the textured YBaCuO. The effects of the 211 phase and Ag content on the superconductivity were studied and discussed in detail. The improved $J_c$ value was reached to 8$\times$10^4 A/cm^2 (77K,0T). Single phase $YbBa_{2}Cu_{3}O_{x}$ superconductor was sintered by the traditional powder metallurgical method, and its reaction process was studied. In recent years, NdBaCuO superconductor is being performed. The behavior of $Nd_{4}Ba_{2}Cu_{2}O_{10}$(Nd422 phase) and the solid solubility, x in the superconductor $Nd_{1+x}Ba_{2-x}Cu_{3}O_{y}$ by the heat treatment in the low oxygen partial pressure (1%) or Ar at $950{\circ}C$ were investigated. The zone-melting process was used to make oriented NdBaCuO superconductor in order to increase the critical current density.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.377-390
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• 2018

This study examined the double mediating effects of work-family conflict and parenting guilt on the relationship between perfectionism and parenting behavior for working mothers. The survey was conducted on 340 working mothers with 3 to 5 year-old children, who lived in Daegu and Kyungpook Province, Korea. Data were collected through questionnaires on perfectionism, work-family conflict, parenting guilt, and parenting behavior. To analyze the collected data, descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and analysis of variance were conducted by using SPSS 22.0 and Model 6 in PROCESS macro, with bootstrapping method. Work-family conflict and parenting guilt were used as mediators. Children's birth order and household income were controlled throughout the analysis. The major findings of this study were as follows. First, work-family conflict and parenting guilt had inconsistent double mediating effects on the relationship between adaptive perfectionism and positive parenting behavior. Second, work-family conflict and parenting guilt had complete double mediating effects on the relationship between adaptive perfectionism and negative parenting behavior. Third, work-family conflict and parenting guilt did not have double mediating effects on the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and positive parenting behavior. Finally, work-family conflict and parenting guilt had partial double mediating effects on the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and negative parenting behavior. The findings provide a better understanding of the relationship between perfectionism and parenting behavior. The results also have implications for providing education for and counseling working mothers with children.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.407-417
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• 2017

RC shear walls are considered one of the main lateral resisting members in buildings. In recent years, FRP has been widely utilized in order to strengthen and retrofit concrete structures. A number of experimental studies used CFRP sheets as an external bracing system for retrofitting of RC shear walls. It has been found that the common mode of failure is the debonding of the CFRP-concrete adhesive material. In this study, behavior of RC shear wall was investigated with three different micro models. The analysis included 2D model using plane stress element, 3D model using shell element and 3D model using solid element. To allow for the debonding mode of failure, the adhesive layer was modeled using cohesive surface-to-surface interaction model at 3D analysis model and node-to-node interaction method using Cartesian elastic-plastic connector element at 2D analysis model. The FE model results are validated comparing the experimental results in the literature. It is shown that the proposed FE model can predict the modes of failure due to debonding of CFRP and behavior of CFRP strengthened RC shear wall reasonably well. Additionally, using 2D plane stress model, many parameters on the behavior of the cohesive surfaces are investigated such as fracture energy, interfacial shear stress, partial bonding, proposed CFRP anchor location and using different bracing of CFRP strips. Using two anchors near end of each diagonal CFRP strips delay the end debonding and increase the ductility for RC shear walls.