• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기물성,응용부문
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• pp.36-38
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• 2005

This study is about how to lower the driving voltage that enables to move the micro droplet by the EWOD (Electro Wetting On Dielectric) mechanism. EWOD is well known that it is used ${\mu}-TAS$ digital micro fluidics system. As the device which is fabricated with dielectric layer between electrode and micro droplet is applied voltage, the hydrophobic surface is changed into the hydrophilic surface by electrical property. Therefore, EWOD induces the movement of micro droplet with reducing contact angle of micro droplet. The driving voltage was depended on the dielectric constant of dielectric layer, thus it can be reduced by increase of dielectric constant. Typically, very high voltage ($100V{\sim}$) is used to move the micro droplet. In previous study, we used $Ta_{2}O_{5}$ as the dielectric layer and driving voltage was 23V that reduced 24 percent compared with $SiO_2$. In this study, we used $BZN(Bi_{2}O_{3}ZnO-Nb_{2}O_{5})$ layer which had high dielectric constant. It was operated the just 12V. And micro droplet was moved within Is on 15V. It was reduced the voltage until 35 percents compare with $Ta_{2}O_{5}$ and 50 percents compare with $SiO_2$. The movement of micro droplet within 1s was achieved with BZN (ferroelectrics)just on 15V.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.58-65
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• 2007

Behavioral sequences of the medaka (Oryzias latipes) were continuously investigated through an automatic image recognition system in response to medaka treated with the insecticide and medaka not treated with the insecticide, diazinon (0.1 mg/l) during a 1 hour period. The observation of behavior through the movement tracking program showed many patterns of the medaka. After much observation, behavioral patterns were divided into four basic patterns: active-smooth, active-shaking, inactive-smooth, and inactive-shaking. The "smooth" and "shaking" patterns were shown as normal movement behavior. However, the "shaking" pattern was more frequently observed than the "smooth" pattern in medaka specimens that were treated with insecticide. Each pattern was classified using classification methods after the feature choice. It provides a natural way to incorporate prior knowledge from human experts in fish behavior and contains the information in a logical expression tree. The main focus of this study was. to determine whether the decision tree could be useful for interpreting and classifying behavior patterns of the medaka.

• 드라이브 ㆍ 컨트롤
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2015

In this study, we suggested the wave power generator using horizontal motions of the wave for use in the coastal sea. The length of the horizontal movement of the wave in the vicinity of the sea surface is larger than the length of the vertical reciprocating movement of the wave, hence the proposed device has a wave power transmission plate. In addition, because the motion of the wave is maximum to the sea surface, by arranging the buoyancy tanks at the top of the wave power transmission plate, it is always capable of vertical movement in accordance with the sea surface. To confirm the usefulness of the proposed wave power generator, we constructed a mathematical model of the wave power generator and carried out simulation using bondgraph. Furthermore, the efficiency was verified by measuring the degree of electrical energy production through a preliminary experiment.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2017

Background This study evaluated dynamic changes in eyebrow position related to aging. Methods Female participants were recruited and separated into two groups aged 20-30 years (the younger group, n=20; mean age, 24.8 years) and 50-70 years (the older group, n=20; mean age, 55.8 years). Photogrammetry was used to determine the eyebrow position at the medial canthus (MC), lateral limbus, lateral canthus, and lateral end point (EP) for 6 actions: smooth opening (the reference action) and closing of the eye, forward gaze, maximum opening and closing of the eye, and maximum frown. Videos were also recorded. Results No differences in eyebrow position were detected at the MC when opening or closing the eyes smoothly, gazing straight ahead, or closing the eyes maximally. For all 6 actions, the position of the lateral EP in the older group was significantly lower than in the younger group (P=0.003), and the smallest degree of vertical movement at this point was found in both age groups (P<0.001). Vertical movement at the 4 landmarks of the eyebrows decreased with aging. Conclusions Eyebrow position was unchanged at the MC with aging, except at maximal eye opening and maximal frown. No differences in eyebrow position were observed between the younger and older groups when eyes were maximally closed, except at the EP. It is important to focus on correction of the lateral EP for periorbital rejuvenation.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.59-68
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• 2012

This meta-analysis investigated the effects on arm motor impairment, arm motor function and disability, and psychological aspects of constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) for upper extremity hemiparesis following stroke, based on Korean studies. A comprehensive search of the complete Korean studies information service system (KISS), Research Information Sharing Service (RISS), Korea National Library, and the Korean Medical Database to September 2011 was conducted. Eleven eligible controlled clinical trials compared CIMT to a control group or an alternative treatment. All outcome measures of arm motor impairment, arm motor function and disability, and psychological aspects were pooled for calculating effect size. The overall effect size of CIMT was .700 (95% confidence interval=.482~.918). The CIMT programs showed large effect on the aspect of arm motor function and disability (the effect size is .920) and the psychological aspect (the effect size is .946). The effect of CIMT on arm motor impairment was moderate (the effect size is .588). These results show that CIMT may improve upper extremity motor impairment, function and disability, and psychological aspects following stroke. However, these results were based on a small number of studies, and not all of them were randomized control trials. Additional research is needed to include larger well-designed trials to resolve these uncertainties.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2004

The objective of the study is to analyze the myoelectrical activity involved in performing the Swallow movement, a D-level technique, in order to use it as the basic research data in helping train gymnasts in how to perform strength-related techniques. To this end, four national representative athletes who participated in the 2002 Busan Asian Games were selected. The results of the comparison analysis of the individual models are summarized as follows. 1) The results of the E.M.G analysis showed that during the Swallow movement, the myoelectrical activity was detected higher in pectorialis major muscle and bicep brachii muscle than in trapezius muscle and deltoid muscle. 2) The results of the E.M.G analysis showed that during the Swallow movement, the myoelectrical activity was measured high in triceps brachii muscle and palmaris longus muscle, while the myoelectrical activity was recorded low in latissimus dorsi muscle and rectus abdominis muscle. 3) In performing the Swallow in the rings, the mean average (%) was found high in the order of erector spinae, pectorialis major muscle, palmaris longus muscle, triceps brachii muscle, deltoid muscle, latissimus dorsi muscle, and trapezius muscle. All taken together, the athletes showed a difference in the distribution of the muscles during the performance of the Swallow. The muscle that showed a constant distribution among the athletes was pectoralis major muscle, which proves that for a stable performance, it is ideal to increase the myoelectrical activity in pectoralis major muscle.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.183-187
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 수평진동이 있는 용기내 자유표면을 갖는 자성유체에 용기하부로부터 수직자장을 인가시킨 경우 유동을 실험하였다. 실험은 직사각형 및 원통형 용기에 대해 자성유체에 인가된 자기력이 공진주파수, 액면변위에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 인가자장의 증가는 최대 공진점 및 액면변위에 영향을 미치고 그 결과 표면파의 진폭과 슬로싱 유동의 변동주기를 변화시킨다.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.142-150
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• 2002

This paper presents a systematic method of the zigzag gait planning for quadruped walking robots. When a robot walks with a zigzag gait, its body is allowed to move from side to side, while the body movement is restricted along a moving direction in conventional continuous gaits. The zigzag movement of the body is effective to improve the gait stability margin. To plan a zigzag gait in a systematic way, the relationship between the center of gravity(COG) and the stability margin is firstly investigated. Then, new geometrical method is introduced to plan a sequence of the body movement which guarantees a maximum stability margin as well as monotonicity along a moving direction. Finally, an optimal swing-leg sequence is chosen for a given arbitrary configuration of the robot. To verify the proposed method, computer simulations have been performed for both cases of a periodic gait and a non-periodic gait.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.713-718
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• 2012

Lumber spine range of motion has been used to measure of physical and functional impairment by various tools from a ruler to 3D kinematic devices. However, pre-existing tools have problems in either movement or accuracy and reliability limitations. Accurate devices are limited by fixed space whereas simple devices are limited in measuring complex movements with less accuracy. In order to solve the location, movement and accuracy limitations at once, we have developed a novice measurement device equipped with accelerometer sensor and gyroscope sensor for getting three-dimensional information of motion. Furthermore, Kalman filter was applied to the algorithm to improve accuracy. In addition, RF wireless communication was added for the user to conveniently check measured data in real time. Finally, the measurement method was improved by considering the movement by a reference point. An experiment was conducted to test the accuracy and reliability of the device by conducting a test-retest reliability test. Further modification will be conducted to used the device in various joints range of motion in clinical settings in the future.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.496-504
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• 2009

This paper presents a recognition performance of VOR (Vestibular-Ocular Reflex) based vision tracking system for mobile robot. The VOR is a reflex eye movement which, during head movements, produces an eye movement in the direction opposite to the head movement, thus maintaining the image of interested objects placed on the center of retina. We applied this physiological concept to the vision tracking system for high recognition performance in mobile environments. The proposed method was implemented in a vision tracking system consisting of a motion sensor module and an actuation module with vision sensor. We tested the developed system on an x/y stage and a rate table for linear motion and angular motion, respectively. The experimental results show that the recognition rates of the VOR-based method are three times more than non-VOR conventional vision system, which is mainly due to the fact that VOR-based vision tracking system has the line of sight of vision system to be fixed to the object, eventually reducing the blurring effect of images under the dynamic environment. It suggests that the VOR concept proposed in this paper can be applied efficiently to the vision tracking system for mobile robot.