• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.411-416
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• 2023

본 연구에서는 방사선(학)과 재학생의 주요 학습 도구의 활용성을 조사하고, 방사선사면허 국가시험의 대화형 인공지능 서비스 프로그램인 챗봇의 정답률을 분석하여 방사선학 분야에서 대화형 인공지능 서비스 프로그램의 유용성에 대한 기초 연구에 목적이 있다. 방사선(학)과 재학생의 학습 시 전자기기를 적극적으로 활용한다는 응답자가 84.3%로 나타났다. 또한 학습 시 자료수집의 효율성을 묻는 질문에 140명 중 검색엔진을 1순위로 활용한다고 답한 응답자가 104명이었다. 챗봇을 알고 있는지 붇는 질문에 80%가 알고 있다고 답하였으며, 학업 목적으로 챗봇을 사용한 경험은 22.9%가 1회 이상 사용 경험을 가지고 있었다. 2018년도부터 2022년도까지 시험문제 중 1교시와 2교시의 문제를 챗봇에게 정답을 물어보았다. 그 결과 Chat GPT의 1교시 정답률은 48.28%에서 60%였으며, 2교시 문제의 정답률은 50%에서 62.22%로 나타났다. Bing의 1교시 정답률은 55%에서 64.55%였으며, 2교시 문제의 정답률은 48%에서 52.22%로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통하여 방사선(학)과 재학생들이 전자기기를 통해 학습하고 인터넷을 통해 정보를 찾는 것이 일반적인 경향임을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 방사선학 분야에서 대화형 인공지능 서비스 프로그램은 정확성과 신뢰성에 대한 문제가 있으며, 완벽한 해답을 제공하는 것은 어렵기 때문에 계속해서 발전하고 개선되어야 한다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.145-151
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• 2024

방사선과에 전공과목을 이수하는 학생들을 대상으로 H대학에서 개발한 Shift+N 교수법을 적용한 수업진행을 통해 수강생들의 설문 조사를 바탕으로 교수법이 전공과목에 대한 학습성과와 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인들에 관한 분석 결과를 기술하였다. 기존의 전공수업 방식과 비교하였을 때 사전 비대면 강의를 통해 예습을 진행하고 본 수업에 대면 강의를 실시하였으며, 강의가 끝난 후 주차에 해당되는 관련 키워드를 제시하고 키워드와 관련하여 수업 내용을 적용시킬 수 있는 문제를 제시하였다. 그 다음 주차에는 문제풀이를 통해 학생들의 복습과 관련하여 어렵거나 부족한 부분을 다시 설명해주는 방식으로 진행하였다. 결과적으로 Shift+N 교수법은 기존의 이론 전공수업과는 다른 방식의 새로운 수업 진행에 따라 학생들의 참여도와 만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 토대로 전공역량 강화를 위한 학습 내용의 효율적인 전달을 위해서는 기존의 전공 수업에 대한 개선과 더불어 전공 과목에 맞는 교수법을 개발하여 보다 효과적이며 혁신적인 수업방식을 통해 학생들의 지식 향상과 만족도를 높이는 방안을 모색해야 한다.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.205-211
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• 2024

Currently, with the development of technologies, X-ray examinations for medical examinations at hospital is increasing. This study was conducted to help reduce radiation exposure by measuring the exposure dose received by pediatric patients and the spatial dose of the X-ray room. Dosimeters were installed in the eyeball, thyroid gland, breast, gonads and 4 directions at a distance of 30 cm, 40 cm, 50 cm from the phantom. The dose was measured ten times each, before, and after the application of the bismuth shield under the examination conditions of the head, chest, and abdomen of pediatric patients. Under the condition of head examination, when a shielding was applied, the dose reduction rate was 68.58% for the eyeball, 72.88% for the thyroid, 84.2% for the breast, and 72.36% for the gonad. The chest examination showed reductions of 19.56% eyeball, 56.98% thyroid, 1.21% breast, and 0.68% gonad. The abdominal examination showed reduction rates of 2.6% eyeball, 10.67% thyroid, 19.85% breast, and 82.02% gonad. Spatial dose decreased by 62.25% at 30 cm, 61.16% at 40 cm, and 68.68% at 50 cm. When the bismuth shield was applied, there was a decrease in dose across all examinations, as well as a reduction in spatial dose. Continued research on the use of bismuth shields will help radiological technologists achieve their goal of dose reduction.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.38.1-38.8
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• 2021

Recently, a new severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (B.1.1.529) Omicron variant originated from South Africa in the middle of November 2021. SARS-CoV-2 is also called coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) since SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of COVID-19. Several studies already suggested that the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant would be the fastest transmissible variant compared to the previous 10 SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, interest, and alert. Few clinical studies reported the high transmissibility of the Omicron variant but there is insufficient time to perform actual experiments to prove it, since the spread is so fast. We analyzed the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant, which revealed a very high rate of mutation at amino acid residues that interact with angiostatin-converting enzyme 2. The mutation rate of COVID-19 is faster than what we prepared vaccine program, antibody therapy, lockdown, and quarantine against COVID-19 so far. Thus, it is necessary to find better strategies to overcome the current crisis of COVID-19 pandemic.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.308-312
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• 2022

Backgrounds/Aims: Although body surface area (BSA)-based standard liver volume (SLV) formulae have been used for living donor liver transplantation and hepatic resection, hemi-liver volume (HLV) is needed more frequently. HLV can be assessed using right or left portal vein diameter (RPVD or LPVD). The aim of this study was to validate the reliability of using portal vein diameter ratio (PVDR) for assessing HLV in living liver donors. Methods: This study included 92 living liver donors (59 males and 33 females) who underwent surgery between January 2020 and December 2020. Computed tomography (CT) images were used for measurements. Results: Mean age of donors was 35.5 ± 7.2 years. CT volumetry-measured total liver volume (TLV), right HLV, left HLV, and percentage of right HLV in TLV were 1,442.9 ± 314.2 mL, 931.5 ± 206.4 mL, 551.4 ± 126.5 mL, and 64.6% ± 3.6%, respectively. RPVD, LPVD, and main portal vein diameter were 12.2 ± 1.5 mm, 10.0 ± 1.3 mm, and 15.3 ± 1.7 mm, respectively (corresponding square values: 149.9 ± 36.9 mm², 101.5 ± 25.2 mm², and 237.2 ± 52.2 mm², respectively). The sum of RPVD2 and LPVD2 was 251.1 ± 56.9 mm². BSA-based SLV was 1,279.5 ± 188.7 mL (error rate: 9.1% ± 14.4%). SLV formula- and PVDR-based right HLV was 760.0 ± 130.7 mL (error rate: 16.2% ± 13.3%). Conclusions: Combining BSA-based SLV and PVDR appears to be a simple method to predict right or left HLV in living donors or split liver transplantation.

• 한국간담췌외과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.133-137
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• 2022

Backgrounds/Aims: Anatomical resection has superior oncologic outcomes over non-anatomical resection in hepatocellular carcinoma, and left lateral sectionectomy is the simplest and easiest perform anatomical resection procedure among liver resections. The purpose of this study was to find out the safety and feasibility of pure laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy (PLLLS) for hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods: Patients who underwent left lateral sectionectomy at a tertiary referral hospital, from August 2007 to April 2019 were enrolled in this retrospective study. After matching the 1 : 3 propensity score, 17 open and 51 pure laparoscopic cases were selected out of 102 cases of total left lateral resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. The group was analyzed in terms of patient demographics, preoperative data, and postoperative outcomes. Results: During the study period, there was no open conversion case. The mean operative time and complication were not statistically significant different between the two groups. There was no statistically significant difference in disease-free survival and overall survival had no statistical between the two groups. There were no mortality cases, and postoperative hospital stay was significantly shorter in the PLLLS group than in the open left lateral sectionectomy (OLLS) group. Conclusions: The oncologic outcomes and complication rate were the same in the PLLLS and OLLS groups. However, the hospital stay was shorter in the PLLLS group than in the OLLS group. The present study findings demonstrate that the PLLLS is a safe and feasible procedure for hepatocellular carcinoma.

• 한국지리정보학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.135-146
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• 2015

경북북부지역 산양 암 수 한 쌍(n=2)의 연구를 통해 한국 산양의 복원 및 보전을 위한 생태적 특징을 파악하고자 실시하였으며, 산양 한 쌍의 행동권, 계절별 행동권, 서식지 이용특성 등을 분석하기 위하여, 2013년 6월부터 2014년 7월까지 울진 지역에서 GPS collar 발신기를 이용하여 1년간 수행하였다. 분석결과, 산양 한 쌍의 행동권은 MCP 95% $1.38{\pm}0.24km^2$, FK 95% $0.81{\pm}0.09km^2$, FK 50% $0.15{\pm}0.16km^2$로 분석되었다(t=8.118, p>0.05). 계절별 행동권은 MCP 95%에서 겨울 $0.74{\pm}0.31km^2$ > 봄 $0.71{\pm}0.27km^2$ > 가을 $0.61{\pm}0.06km^2$ > 여름 $0.27{\pm}0.04km^2$ (F=2.135 p>0.05)로 분석되어, 겨울의 행동권이 가장 크고, 여름이 가장 작았다. 서식지 이용특성 중 계절별 이용 평균고도는 수컷은 여름($440.18{\pm}71.32m$), 암컷은 봄($727.25{\pm}99.98m$), 가장 낮은 고도는 수컷은 봄($372.72{\pm}70.79$), 암컷은 가을($664.60{\pm}139.71m$)로 분석되어 계절별 차이를 나타내어, 암 수 모두 고도변화에 따른 연간 및 계절별 행동특성의 상관성의 차이를 알 수 있었다. 본 연구에서 서식지 내 먹이와의 상관관계, 서식지 교란의 변화 양상 등에 대해서는 명확하게 밝혀내지는 못했지만, 연구 자료를 기반으로 경북북부지역 산양의 행동권 및 서식지 이용 등을 파악 할 수 있었다.

• Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.648-661
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• 2018

Purpose: Pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) is an immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergy in pollinosis patients caused by raw fruits and vegetables and is the most common food allergy in adults. However, there has been no nationwide study on PFAS in Korea. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and clinical characteristics of PFAS in Korea. Methods: Twenty-two investigators participated in this study, in which patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and/or bronchial asthma with pollen allergy were enrolled. The questionnaires included demographic characteristics, a list of fruits and vegetables, and clinical manifestations of food allergy. Pollen allergy was diagnosed by skin prick test and/or measurement of the serum level of specific IgE. Results: A total of 648 pollinosis patients were enrolled. The prevalence of PFAS was 41.7% (n = 270). PFAS patients exhibited cutaneous (43.0%), respiratory (20.0%), cardiovascular (3.7%) or neurologic symptoms (4.8%) in addition to oropharyngeal symptoms. Anaphylaxis was noted in 8.9% of the PFAS patients. Seventy types of foods were linked to PFAS; e.g., peach (48.5%), apple (46.7%), kiwi (30.4%), peanut (17.4%), plum (16.3%), chestnut (14.8%), pineapple (13.7%), walnut (14.1%), Korean melon (12.6%), tomato (11.9%), melon (11.5%) and apricot (10.7%). Korean foods such as taro/taro stem (8.9%), ginseong (8.2%), perilla leaf (4.4%), bellflower root (4.4%), crown daisy (3.0%), deodeok (3.3%), kudzu root (3.0%) and lotus root (2.6%) were also linked to PFAS. Conclusions: This was the first nationwide study of PFAS in Korea. The prevalence of PFAS was 41.7%, and 8.9% of the PFAS patients had anaphylaxis. These results will provide clinically useful information to physicians.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제85권1호
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• pp.37-46
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• 2022

Background: Although respiratory tract infection is one of the most important factors triggering acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD), limited data are available to suggest an epidemiologic pattern of microbiology in South Korea. Methods: A multicenter observational study was conducted between January 2015 and December 2018 across 28 hospitals in South Korea. Adult patients with moderate-to-severe acute exacerbations of COPD were eligible to participate in the present study. The participants underwent all conventional tests to identify etiology of microbial pathogenesis. The primary outcome was the percentage of different microbiological pathogens causing AE-COPD. A comparative microbiological analysis of the patients with overlapping asthma-COPD (ACO) and pure COPD was performed. Results: We included 1,186 patients with AE-COPD. Patients with pure COPD constituted 87.9% and those with ACO accounted for 12.1%. Nearly half of the patients used an inhaled corticosteroid-containing regimen and one-fifth used systemic corticosteroids. Respiratory pathogens were found in 55.3% of all such patients. Bacteria and viruses were detected in 33% and 33.2%, respectively. Bacterial and viral coinfections were found in 10.9%. The most frequently detected bacteria were Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.8%), and the most frequently detected virus was influenza A (10.4%). Multiple bacterial infections were more likely to appear in ACO than in pure COPD (8.3% vs. 3.6%, p=0.016). Conclusion: Distinct microbiological patterns were identified in patients with moderate-to-severe AE-COPD in South Korea. These findings may improve evidence-based management of patients with AE-COPD and represent the basis for further studies investigating infectious pathogens in patients with COPD.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제49권6호
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• pp.668-675
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 눈개승마(Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus)의 in vitro 산화방지활성 및 고당(intensive glucose)과 과산화수소($H_2O_2$)로 야기된 산화적 스트레스로부터의 뇌신경세포 손상에 대한 보호효과와 더불어 알파글루코사이드가수분해효소 및 아세틸콜린에스터가수분해효소 억제효과를 확인하였으며 또한 HPLC를 이용하여 주요 물질을 분석하였다. 눈개승마 아세트산에틸 분획물(ethylacetate fraction from Aruncus dioicus var. kamtschaticus: EFAD)은 매우 우수한 총 페놀화합물 함량(430.08 mg GAE/g)과 총 플라보노이드 함량(511.72 mg RE/g)을 나타냈으며, 높은 ABTS 라디칼 소거 활성과 과산화지방질생성물의 억제력을 확인하였다. 또한 고당(intensive glucose)과 과산화수소($H_2O_2$)로 야기된 뇌신경세포에서의 산화적 스트레스 및 이로 인한 뇌신경세포 사멸을 측정한 결과, 눈개승마 아세트산에틸 분획물(EFAD)의 유의적인 뇌신경세포 보호효과를 확인할 수 있었다. 추가적으로 다당류 분해 효소인 알파글루코사이드가수분해효소 억제효과 및 아세틸콜린 분해 효소인 아세틸콜린에스터가수분해효소 억제효과를 살펴봄으로써 혈당 상승 억제효과와 뇌신경전달물질의 세포 내 유지 효과를 확인하였다. 마지막으로 눈개승마 아세트산에틸 분획물(EFAD)의 주요 페놀성 물질을 확인하기 위해 HPLC분석을 한 결과 카페산으로 추정되었다. 본 연구 결과들을 고려할 때, 눈개승마는 고혈당 지연 또는 개선을 통한 고혈당 예방 소재로서의 가능성뿐만 아니라 이로 인해 야기되는 산화적 스트레스로부터 뇌신경 세포를 보호함으로써 고혈당에 의한 대사성 뇌신경질환 예방 소재로도 활용 가능성이 있을 것이라 판단된다.