• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권8호
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• pp.3635-3640
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• 2014

Aim: To determine whether induced abortion (IA) increases breast cancer (BC) risk. Materials and Methods: A population-based case-control study was performed from Dec, 2000 to November, 2004 in Shanghai, China, where IA could be verified through the family planning network and client medical records. Structured questionnaires were completed by 1,517 cases with primary invasive epithelial breast cancer and 1,573 controls frequency-matched to cases for age group. The information was supplemented and verified by the family planning records. Statistical analysis was conducted with SAS 9.0. Results: After adjusting for potential confounders, induced abortions were not found to be associated with breast cancer with OR=0.94 (95%CI= 0.79-1.11). Compared to parous women without induced abortion, parous women with 3 or more times induced abortion (OR=0.66, 95%CI=0.46 to 0.95) and women with 3 or more times induced abortion after the first live birth (OR=0.66, 95%CI =0.45 to 0.97) showed a lower risk of breast cancer, after adjustment for age, level of education, annual income per capita, age at menarche, menopause, parity times, spontaneous abortion, age at first live birth, breast-feeding, oral contraceptives, hormones drug, breast disease, BMI, drinking alcohol, drinking tea, taking vitamin/calcium tablet, physical activity, vocation, history of breast cancer, eating the bean. Conclusions: The results suggest that a history of induced abortions may not increase the risk of breast cancer.

• 한국가족관계학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.119-145
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• 2017

Objectives: Grounded in a life-course perspective, this study examined the effects of non-coresident children's transitions to marriage and parenthood on the frequency of contact with their parents. Gender of adult children and the educational levels of both adult children and their parents were evaluated as potential moderators of the transition-contact linkages. Method: The analytic sample consisted of adult children aged between 20 and 50 whose parents participated in four waves of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2006, 2008, 2010, 2012). For analysis, fixed effects regression models were estimated using the xtreg procedure in Stata. Results: First, transition to marriage was associated with a decrease in face-to-face contact, whereas a greater increase in contact with parents via phone, mail, email etc. occurred only among newly married with less than college education compared to the newlywed with college degrees. Second, transition to parenthood was associated with an increase in contact via phone, mail, email etc. In addition, a greater increase in face-to-face contact was found with parents who completed high school or more education compared to those with less than high school education. Conclusions: The findings suggest that adult children's transitions to marriage and parenthood may bring about increases in contact with their parents, particularly for adult children with less than college education and parents with more than high school education.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.625-639
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• 2010

This study compared male and female university students' perceptions of parenthood and their need for pre-parental educational program. Responses of 579 university students in 5 universities were collected using a questionnaire developed by the researchers. Data were analyzed using a T-test and Pearson's chi squared test. Results showed that (1) systematic and pre-parental education may increase opportunities for university students to prepare parent and child rearing skills. (2) Any pre-parent educational program developed should cover practical and such as communication skills, child-rearing techniques and ways of disciplining children. In this way an educational program could provide university students suitable guidance and give them a positive and proper attitude toward parenting should they become parents in the future.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.83-96
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate parental strain satisfaction and division of child-care tasks after the transition to parenthood. For this purpose, the empirical sample testing was conducted using structured questionnaires with 62 couples who had a 3-month-old baby. The major findings 1) In general wive's child-care task was higher than husbands' 2) Wives experienced more parental strain and less satisfaction than husbands. 3) Parental strain satisfaction and division of child-care tasks were found independent of the wife's employment status. 4) For wives marital adjustment after the transition to parenthood was associated with satisfaction and division of child-care tasks.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.55-67
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• 1993

This study tries to investigate the transition to parenthood. Especially. It tries to examine Couple's Dyadic Adjustment during the first child pregnancy. For this purpose, the empirical sample testing was conducted using structured questionnaires DAS. The sample size analyzed in this study was 98 couples. The major findings were as follows: 1) The first child pregnancy has not an effect on couple's dyadic adjustment during the first child pregnancy. 2) The role preparation to the parenthood has an effect of dyadic adjustment during the first child pregnancy. 3) Wife's employment has effect on husband's dyadic adjustment during the first child pregnancy.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.3-11
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• 1997

In becoming parents, the marital partners enter into a new developmental phase. The conception of the child is an act of mutual creativity during which the boundaries between the self and another were temporarily obliterated more completely than at any time since infancy. The infant is a physical fusion of the parents, and their personalities unite within the child. for many women, creativity as a mother becomes a central matter that provides meaning and balance to their lives. The husband usually has strong desires for an offspring and can be transformed by it. The child can profoundly affect one or both parents, and the influences are reciprocal-a child's needs or specific difficulties uncover a parent's inadequacy. following the child's development, each transition into a new developmental phase requires an adaptation by the parents, and one or another of these required adaptations may disturb a parent's equilibirium. And the personality changes, emotional difficulties, and regressions of a spouse that occur in response to some phase of parenthood can upset the marriage. Not only do children identify with parents, but parents also identify with their children. The parents take pleasure in child's joy and suffer with the child's pain more than in almost any other relationship. certain respects e parents lives again in the child. Through the process of identification the child can also provide one of the two parents with the opportunity to experience intimately the way in which a person of the opposite gender grows up. Parenthood also provides the opportunity to be loved, admired, and needed simply because one is a parent and, as such, a central and necessary object in the young child's life. The many potentialities for emotional satisfactions from parenthood manage to outweigh the tribulations and sacrifices that are required. The child also exerts an indirect effect through changing the parent's position in the society, for new sets of relationships are established as the parents are drawn to other couples with children of the same age, and for a new impetus toward economic and social mobility often possesses the parents. frequently the couple's relatedness to their own parents improves and grows firmer once again. Parenthood, the satisfactions it provides and the demands it makes, varies as life progresses : and changes with the parent's interests, needs, and age as well as with the children's maturation. There are phases in the child's life that the parents are reluctant to have pass, whereas they tolerate others largely through knowing that they will soon be over. The changing lives of the children provide many satisfactions that offset the tribulations, uncertainties, and regrets. The parents change. The young father, who was just starting on his carrier whom the first child was born, settles into a life pattern. He becomes secure with increasing achievement and interacts differently with the youngest child and provides a different model for him than for the oldest. The mother may have less time for a second or third child than for her first, but she may also be more assured in her handling of them. The birth of a baby when the parents art in their late thirties will find them Less capable of physical exertion with the child and less tolerant of annoyances, but they are less apt to be annoyed. Eventually the children min and leave home, but the couple do not cease to be parents.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.187-202
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• 2009

본 연구는 고등학교 1학년 기술 가정 교과의 '결혼과 육아' 단원에서 '부모됨'에 대한 수업 내용을 중심으로 11종 교과서와 관련 자료를 분석하여 추출한 수업 목표를 가지고 실천적 추론 수업 과정으로 재구성하여 교수 학습 과정안을 개발하고 실제교실 수업에 적용하여 실천적 추론 수업 방식의 효과를 평가하는데 목적을 두었다. 개발된 6차시 교수 학습 과정안은 실천적 문제 '부모가 된다는 것이 나에게 의미하는 것이 무엇인가?'로 1, 2차시를, '좋은 부모가 되기 위해 나는 무엇을 준비해야 하는가?'로 3, 4, 5차시를, '바람직한 부모역할을 위해 나는 무엇을 해야 하는가?'로 6차시 교수 학습 과정안을 학교 수업에 적용하였다. 적용 대상은 경기도 이천시 소재의 고등학교 1학년 남녀 합반의 5개 학급, 총 180명을 대상으로 하였다. 부모됨 단원의 하위 요소인 부모됨의 의미와 동기, 부모됨의 준비, 부모됨의 역할로 나누어 대응표본 t-검정을 통해 학습자의 부모됨에 대한 인식의 향상을 가져오는지 그 효과에 대해 결과를 분석하였다. 부모됨 단원을 실천적 추론 수업 방식으로 적용하였을 경우 학습자들의 인식 변화에 긍정적인 결과를 보였다. 또한 실천적 추론 수업 방식은 학습자들의 흥미와 참여, 이해를 높이는 결과를 가져왔다. 본 연구는 가정과교육에 적합한 교수 학습 방법인 실천적 추론 수업을 다양한 학습내용과 학습활동으로 학생들의 흥미와 수업 참여도를 증대시켜 효과적인 수업이 가능하다는 점에서 교육적 의의를 가진다고 할 수 있다.

• 한국가톨릭병원협회지
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• 제14권
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• pp.14-16
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• 1983

• 대한간호
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• 제23권3호통권126호
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• pp.32-41
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• 1984

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.41-53
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• 1997

The primary purpose of the present study was to investigate the pre-parents' motivations for parenthood, concept of marital role and demands for pre-parent education. the subjects were 179 women, who are planning to have a child and already are pregnant, and their husbands. 1. Among 7 motivations for parenthood presented, strong ties for couples and maturity demands were selected the most important. Economic and emotional dependency was valued the least. 2. The harmonious relationships between husband and wife chosen as the most important marital role concept. 3. For the contents of the pre-parent education program, the postnatal care, fathering, nutrition and exercise during pregnancy, and others were desired. 4. Over two-thirds of respondents preferred a joint participation (husband-wife together).