• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.637-646
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine the relation between parental strain and marital adjustment of employed mothers after their transition to the parenthood, and to investigate buffering effect of social support on the relation. The parental strain variables (physical strain and emotional strain) appear to be significant predictors of marital adjustment for employed mothers with first baby. The analysis on interaction effect indicates that social support can be a positive buffering indicator. A comparison reveals that mothers with high physical strain have significantly higher marital adjustment than those with low strain. But in the context of high social support, the difference of marital adjustment between the two mothers is reduced.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.17-32
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is to explore parental strain, mastery, sex role attitude and dyadic adjustment after the transition to parenthood in dual earner family. Using couple data from a sample of 284 dual earner couple, pair t-test, multiple regression analysis, one was ANOVA was used. Major findings were as follows. 1) There were differences between wives and husbands in dyadic adjustment, physical strain, mastery, sex role attitude. Specially, couples experience more emotional strain than physical strain, and wives experience more parental strain than husbands. 2) Couple's parental strain is considered personal attribution rather than family one, but mastery is different. 3) Couple's psychological variables have an effect on the dyadic adjustment sores, especially husband's sex role attitude influences own dyadic adjustment and wife's dyadic adjustment. Wife's mastery also own dyadic adjustment and husband's dyadic adujstment.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.183-203
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of a parental education program developed to 295 single university students based on pre-test and the post test on the program. The data is interpreted using statistical methods such as the Percentage, T -Test, Anova test, and the Turkey test. The major results were as follows : First, significant difference regarding the knowledge on parenthood existed among students before and after the tests, with the post-test students showing more knowledge on the matter. Among the six sub-categories of parenthood education program, the effects of the post-testing were most visible in pregnancy, delivering, pre-natal and infant development, parents attitude, and sex education for their children in the form of increased awareness and knowledge. However, no significant effects were detected in pre-natal education. In terms of socio-demographic variable, effects were more visible in female students than in male students. Second, the program also resulted in positive effects in both male and female students.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.72
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• pp.49-70
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to suggest a response and solution through Christian educational care to the crisis and change of the era of low birth rate faced by Korean society and the Korean church. This study proposes to find an alternative to the biblical aspect of pregnancy, childbirth, and parenthood as God's blessing for the demographic cliff and low birth rate problem that have become a reality in Korean society and churches. Being a parent in an age of low birth rate is very difficult, but on the other hand, it gives happiness and joy. Being a parent is a blessing from God, and is the most important and valuable thing in life. However, modern society emphasizes the right and necessity to choose one's own parenthood status. In the nuclear family, the decrease in the number of children, and the development of child research, parents feel more responsibility and economic burden for raising children than ever before. Therefore, it is a reality that the number of people who delay becoming parents or voluntarily do not have children is gradually increasing. To improve the perception of becoming a parent due to a decrease in responsibility for raising children, it is necessary to shed light on marriage, pregnancy, childbirth, and childrearing from a Christian educational point of view. In addition, it is necessary to understand the recognition of being a parent and the characteristics of childbirth and rearing, and to analyze past and present value changes. This study will also discuss the causes of low birthrate and try to provide Christian educational care for childcare including solving the low birthrate problem.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.51-63
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• 1999

For Korean education to be able to handle increasing knowledge and new values in the 21st century, it needs to change. Korean education needs various teaching methods. At the present, CAI, multimedia, interact video system and computer communication are being used. Compared to the traditional teaching methods, computer-assisted instructions were reported to be more effective. The students’demands for these kind of lessons are adamant and increasing. In this study, an attempt was made to develop “child-development and parent education”using CAI program. This chapter is in high demand for high school students. This study model was developed help the students’understanding and make their learning easier. A lesson plan was proposed using CAI program which was developed by authors with assistance of professional computer programmers. The CAI program includes following curriculum contents：1. Child development, 2. the meaning of parenthood, 3. pregnancy, 4. delivery, 5. abortion. The CAI program was designed to allow students to participated activity in several current issue related with parenthood and aborting problems. This study ultimately aimed to show students moving pictures, animation, vivid photos, and music to motivate them. Another goal was to help the Home Economics teachers give lessons using CAI and to show an example of the teaching model.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.571-579
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of a taegyo program on parents-fetal attachment and parenthood in first pregnancy couples (mothers and spouses). Methods: The research design was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest experiment. Study participants were 52 first pregnancy couples visiting two medium-scale obstetrics and gynecology clinics located in Gwangju. A total of 52 couples were assigned to the experimental group (25 couples) and the control group (27 couples). The experimental couples were provided with a taegyo program for 4 weeks. Data were analyzed by chi square test, t-test, and ANCOVA using the SPSS program. Results: Post-treatment maternal- fetal attachment, paternal-fetal attachment and motherhood significantly increased in the experimental group as compared to the control group, but post-treatment fatherhood, anxiety, blood pressure and pulse of participants in the experimental group showed no significant difference from those in the control group. Conclusion: From these results, it is suggested that the taegyo program has beneficial effects in enhancing parent-fetal attachment and motherhood in first pregnancy couples. Therefore, a taegyo program can be recommended as a nursing intervention program for first pregnancy couples.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.256-265
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• 2021

Purpose: This study presents a translation, cultural adaptation, and psychometric evaluation of two instruments of the Fertility Awareness and Attitudes Towards Parenthood (FAAP) questionnaire (Conditions and Life changes) for use in South Korea. Methods: This methodological study included 166 university students for psychometric evaluation in the sixth step. The first five steps included forward translation, backward translation, committee review, assessment of content validity, and a pre-test. In the sixth step, psychometric properties, including internal consistency, construct validity, and criterion validity, were evaluated. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to identify the structure of the tool and to assess its validity. Results: The Korean version showed acceptable internal consistency. Cronbach's α was .73 for FAAP-Conditions and .83 for FAAP-Life changes. FAAP-Conditions showed a four-factor structure (social conditions, relationship with partner, external environment, and child-rearing support) and FAAP-Life changes had a two-factor structure (reward and burden). In the confirmatory analysis, CMIN/DF, TLI, IFI, SRMR, CFI, and RMSEA were satisfactory. Conclusion: This study provided preliminary evidence of the acceptability, reliability, and validity of the Korean version of the FAAP questionnaire in university students in South Korea. Nonetheless, further evaluation among Korean young adults is warranted to validate this instrument.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.389-389
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• 2001

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.53-68
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to highlight the importance of 'marital preparation skill' by focusing on more substantial and tangible skills in marriage life, and to conduct an exploratory research to examine the current conditions and gender differences in marital preparation skills of college students. Data were gathered through a self-administered questionnaire in four universities located in Seoul and Gyeong-gi areas in the spring of 2013, and a total of 332 senior students chosen were used for data analysis. Based on the instrument used in Olson & Olson's(2000) PREPARE/ENRICH Program, the present study sought to suggest a measurement tool with the moniker of 'marital preparation skill' that included seven domains: conflict resolution skill, sexual relationship skill, household labor skill, financial management skill, leisure management skill, parenting preparation skill, and parental role skill. Each domain consisted of four items and thus, a total of 28 items were utilized for this study. Descriptive statistics were analyzed in order to examine the degree of marital preparation skills, and t-tests were conducted in order to assess the gender differences in marital preparation skills. The main results of this study are as follows: First, overall the degree of marital preparation skills of male students was higher than that of female students. Particularly, female students were lower than male students in the skills of financial management and conflict resolution. Second, regarding the basic household labor skill related to clothing and housing life, male students showed higher than female students, implying the impact of military life. Third, even though the degree of consciousness about appropriate preparation of parenthood and parental role seemed to be heightened, the actual degree of readiness of college students revealed to be insufficient. Male students had a much higher degree of confidence and sacrifice acceptance about parenthood, and understanding about their parents' child-rearing style than female students, while the mindset of child-rearing participation of male students was lower than that of female students. Findings of this study can be used as basic data for developing more effective and differentiated educational programs of marital preparation skills for men and women.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1-16
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• 1996

This study has examined multiple influences of several variables on parenting behavior by looking into illustrative studies. This study provides support to the view that various factors influence parenting and that parenting behavior is multiply determined. Characteristics of parents, children and the context in which parent-child relations occur cause different childrearing patterns among parents. This study can be summarized as follows: 1) Parental behavior is influenced to a large degree by what the parent brings to the situation. In other words, characteristics of the parent including personality characteristics, interpersonal skills, problem-solving skills, level of maturity, values and childrearing beliefs contribute to individual differences in parenting. 2) The parent's relationship history influences the personality characteristics that the parent brings to his or her adult roles. To understand who the parent is today, we have to look at who the parent was, and what the parent was doing in the years prior to parenthood. That is, we need to see the life course of the individual before parenthood. 3) Contextual variables including the immediate context and the larger context have proved to influence parental behaviors. Characteristics of the immediate context such as the quality of marital rationship can influence the parent's psychological well-being and his or her behavior toward the childen while characteristics of the larger context such as the economic situation and the neighborhood can influence the level of stress experienced by the parent and cosequently how the parent relates to his or her child. 4) In order to understand the development of the parent-child relationship we need to look at the characteristics of the child. Children may elicit positive behaviors from their parents, or they may possess characteristics that the parents find aversive thus leading to difficulties in the relationship. Therefore, much depends on the fit beween the characteristics of the parents and characteristics of the child. By examining multiple contemporaneous influences on parenting, this study could deepen the understanding of why parents have different childrearing patterns, why some parents fail to meet their children's demands and why parents act in certain ways. What we ultimately hope is that as we learn more about parenting and the development of parent-child relationships, we will be better able to provide parents with the supports they need to achieve their parenting goals.