• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.194-200
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• 1990

The paraoxonase (E. C. 3.1.1.2) is a major enzyme to detoxicate the organophosphorus and carbamate which are the most widely used as the agricultural spraying insecticides. To investgate the distributions of plasma paraoxonase activity and the factors affecting the enzyme activity, the plasmas of 945 Korean rural population were analysed with the modified Krisch's direct sphectrphotometry method. Three indices of the enzyme activity - basal activity, stimulated activity (by NaCl), % stimulation - were obtained from the analysis. Three indicies suggested unimodal distributions, so we couldn't identify the low activity group risk group to organophosphorus & carbamate insecticides poisoning. There is no significant relation between 3 actvity indicies and sex, age, or history of insecticide use (p>0.05). The basal activity and the stimulated activity have significant relationship and high coefficient of determination with the activities of their parents ($r^2$=0.30, 0.24 ; p<0.05), but the % stimulation does not ($r^2$=0.02 ; p<0.05). These results suggest that the activity of paraoxonase is determined mainly by the genetic factor.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.135-140
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• 2004

고혈압에서 지질대사 이상은 빈번히 나타나는 현상으로, 지질대사 이상에 관여하는 유전자들은 고혈압의 발병원인을 규명하기 위한 후보 유전자로 인식되어 왔다. 이에 본 연구에서는 paraoxonase 2(PON2) 유전자에 존재하는 Cys311Ser다형성을 유전자 표지로 이용하여 한국인 집단에서 이 유전자 표지가 고혈압과 관련성이 있는 지를 조사하고자 하였다. 연구 대상은 총 195명으로, 이들 중에서 82명은 고혈압 환자 군이었고, 나머지 113명은 정상 혈압 군이었다. PON2 유전자의 Cys311Ser 다형성을 분석하기 위해서 중합효소 연쇄반응과 제한 효소인 Dde Ⅰ처리를 수행하여 유전자형을 결정하였다. 연구 결과, Cys/Ser이 형접합체를 갖는 사람들이 고혈압군에서 유의하게 높은 빈도로 나타났으며(P<0.05),다른 신체 계측치 및 혈청내 지질 농도와는 유의한 관련성을 나타내지 않았다. 본 연구에서 관찰된 이러한 관련성이 기능적인 연관인지 혹은 연관불평형에 의한 결과인지에 대해서는 보다 더 많은 연구 대상을 이용한 추시를 통해 밝혀질 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한예방의학회 2000년도 제52차 추계학술대회 연제집
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• pp.314-315
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• 2000

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.803-809
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. Oxidative DNA damage may contribute to cancer risk and the antioxidant paraoxonase is one endogenous free radical scavenger in the human body which could therefore exert an influeence. Purpose: Aim of this study was to determine the role of serum arylesterase (ARE) and paraoxonase 1(PON1) activities in CRC patients and to find any association between (PON1) Q192R and L55M gene polymorphisms in CRC patients. Also the serum ARE and PON1 activities in CRC patients will be investigated before and after surgery Materials and Methods: This study involved a total of 50 patients with newly diagnosed CRC and 80 healthy controls. PON1 and ARE activities were determined using an enzymatic spectrophotometric method. PON1 Q192R and L55M gene polymorphisms were determined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) based restriction fragment analysis. The restriction enzyme AlwI was used to examine the Q192R polymorphism and Hsp92II for the L55M polymorphism. Results: Significant differences in the PON1 Q192R polymorphism were found between patients and controls. The Q allele was more frequent in the patient group than in controls, while the R allele was more frequent in the controls. Significant differences were found in the L55M polymorphism. Additionally, there were significant differences in L and M allele frequencies (p=0.001). The serum activities of PON1 and ARE were low in QQ and MM genotype. Conclusions: serum PON1 and ARE activities were significantly lower in CRC patients compared to healthy subjects. The R allele may protect against colorectal cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권15호
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• pp.6233-6237
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• 2014

Background: Intraperitoneal spread of gynecologic cancers is a major cause of mortality and morbidity and often presents with malignant ascites. Microscopic tumor spread can be demonstrated by a peritoneal wash cytology and help assess the prognosis of the disease. In our study, the roles of paraoxonase and ceruloplasmin, measured in peritoneal washing fluid of patients operated for gynecologic pathologies in differential diagnosis was investigated. Materials and Methods: Patients operated for malign or benign gynecologic pathologies in Antalya Education and Research Hospital Gynecology Clinic between 2010-2012 were included in the study. Samples were obtained during surgery. Results: A statistically significant difference was detected between patients with benign and malign diseases with regards to PON1 levels measured in peritoneal washing fluid (p:0.044), the average values being $64.2{\pm}30.8$ (Range 10.8-187.2) and $41.4{\pm}21.4$ (Range 10.4-95.5), respectively. No significant variation was evident for ceruloplasmin. Conclusions: Paraoxonase levels measured in peritoneal washing fluid may contribute to the differentiation of malign-benign diseases in gynecologic pathologies.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.345-350
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• 2005

Objectives : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are risk factors for lung cancer, have been reported to induce oxidative DNA damage. The paraoxonase (PON) plays a significant role in the detoxification of a variety of organophosphorous compounds, with paraoxonase-1 (PON1) being one of the endogenous free-radical scavenging systems in the human body. The aim of this case-control study was to investigate the effects of PAH exposure, oxidative stress and the Q192R polymorphism of PON1 genes, and their interactions in the carcinogenesis of lung cancer. Methods : One hundred and seventy seven lung cancer patients and 177 age- and sex-matched controls were enrolled in this study. Each subject was asked to complete a questionnaire concerning their smoking habits and environmental exposure to PAHs. The Q192R genotypes of the PON1 gene was examined, and the concentrations of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), 2-naphthol and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) measured. Results : Cigarette smoking was found to be a significant risk factor for lung cancer. The urinary 8-OH-dG level was higher in the patients, whereas the urinary 1-OHP and 2-naphthol levels were higher in the controls. There was a significant correlation between the urinary levels of 8-OHdG and 1-OHP in both the cases and controls. The PON1 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of lung cancer. Individuals carrying the Q/Q genotype of the PON1 gene were found to be at higher risk of developing lung cancer. There was a significant correlation between the urinary levels of 8-OH-dG and 1-OHP in those with the PON1 Q/Q genotype. Conclusions : These results lead to the conclusion that PAHs would induce oxidative DNA damage, especially in individuals with the PON1 Q/Q genotype. Therefore, people with the PON1 Q/Q genotype would be more susceptible to lung cancer than those with the R/R or Q/R genotypes of the PON1 gene.

• BMB Reports
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• 제46권12호
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• pp.582-587
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• 2013

Adipocyte differentiation is a complex developmental process forming adipocytes from various precursor cells. The murine 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cell line has been most frequently used in the studies of adipocyte differentiation. Differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes includes a medium containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) with hormonal induction. In this study, we observed that differentiation medium containing adult bovine serum (ABS) instead of FBS did not support differentiation of preadipocytes. Impaired adipocyte differentiation was due to the presence of a serum protein factor in ABS that suppresses differentiation of preadipocytes. Using a proteomic analysis, alpha-2-macroglobulin and paraoxonase/arylesterase 1, which were previously shown to suppress differentiation of preadipocytes, were identified as anti-adipogenic proteins. Although their functional mechanisms have not yet been elucidated, the anti-adipogenic effects of these proteins are discussed.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2001년도 Proceedings of International Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea
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• pp.211.2-212
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• 2001

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권22호
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• pp.9847-9851
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• 2014

Background: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a haematological cancer characterized by clonal proliferation of plasma cells.The aim of this study was to investigate the activity of serum paraoxonase-1 (PON1) and arylesterase (ARE) in multiple myeloma with and without free light chain excretion(FLCe-MM and NFLCe-MM); as well as to investigate possible alterations in oxidative stress parameters. Materials and Methods: Total thiol (T.thl), oxidative stress index (OSI), total oxidant status (TOS) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were examined in addition to the PON1 and ARE enzyme activities in twenty one FLCe-MM and nineteen NFLCe-MM subjects. Routine parameters like lipid panel, serum total protein, albumin, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid and hemoglobin levels were compared with the oxidative stress markers. Results: Serum total protein, BUN, creatinin, and uric acid levels were significantly higher (p=0.04, p=0.001, p=0.001 and p=0.0022, respectively), while hemoglobin and albumin levels were significantly lower in FLCe-MM patients (p=0.009 and p=0.04,respectively). PON1 and ARE activities were significantly lower in patients with FLCe-MM compared to those with NFLCe-MM (p=0.001 and p=0.008, respectively). Conclusions: Depending on our results of prognostic markers of MM such as age, hemoglobin, albumin, and creatinine we feel confident to presume FLCe-MM as a subgroup with a worse prognosis. A decrease in PON1 and ARE activities may contribute to the prognosis and may be used as a prognostic tool in MM.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제58권5호
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• pp.490-497
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• 2005

연구배경 : Paraoxonase는 산소유리기 제거효소의 하나로서, 유기인제 화합물의 독소제거에 있어서 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 한국인 남성에서 PON1 Q192R 유전자 다형성이 흡연과 관련하여 폐암발생에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 연구대상자는 조직 병리학적으로 폐암으로 새롭게 진단받은 남성 환자 335명과, 이들과 3세 이내에서 연령을 짝지은 동수의 대조군으로 하였다. 직접면접조사를 통하여 인적사항과 직업력 그리고 흡연력, 음주력 등을 조사하였다. TaqMan 실시간 중합 효소 연쇄반응을 이용하여 PON1 유전자 다형성을 확인하고, 폐암과 흡연 그리고 PON1 유전자 다형성 유형 사이의 상호 관련성을 통계적으로 분석하였다. 결 과 : 흡연과 PON1 유전자 Q/Q형이 폐암 발생 위험도를 유의하게 증가시켰다. 흡연자에서 PON1 Q/Q형인 사람이 Q/R 혹은 R/R형인 사람에 비하여 폐암에 대한 교차비(95% 신뢰구간)가 2.56(1.52 - 4.31)으로 폐암발생 위험도가 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였다. 비흡연자이며 PON1 Q/R 혹은 R/R형인 사람을 비교군으로 하였을 때, 비흡연자이며 PON1 Q/Q형인 군, 흡연자이며 Q/R 혹은 R/R형인 군, 흡연자이며 Q/Q형군으로 이행할수록 대응비는 모든 세포유형에서 유의하게 증가하였다. 특히 흡연자이며 Q/Q형인 사람은 비흡연자이며 PON1 Q/R 혹은 R/R형인 사람에 비하여, 편평세포암종은 53.77(6.55 - 441.14)배, 선암종은 6.25(1.38 - 28.32)배, 소세포암종은 59.94(4.66 - 770.39) 배 더 잘 생기는 것으로 나타났다. 결 론 : 흡연과 PON1 Q/Q형은 폐암의 위험인자이며, 흡연과 PON1 Q/Q형은 조직학적 유형에 관계없이 폐암발생 위험도를 서로 상승적으로 증가시키는 것으로 판단된다.