• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.53-58
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• 1988

We have experienced 3 cases of papillary carcinoma of the thyroid gland seen as lateral neck cyst, Usually cystic lesions of the neck have been considered as benign lesions from clinical viewpoint. The usual differential diagnosis includes branchial cleft cyst, cystic hygroma, dermoid cyst, cold abscess(tuberculous lymphadenitis) and cavitating squamous cell carcinoma. A lateral neck cyst as the sole presenting complaint of the papillary thyroid carcinoma is very rare. Preoperative diagnosis of lateral neck cyst is often diagnostic dilemma. Fine-needle aspiration cytology can be helpful in detecting the cancer cells and in demonstrating the nature of the fluid component of the lateral neck cyst. Presence of brown murky fluid from the aspirated fluid is highly suggestive of thyroid carcinoma. The thyroid scans and B-mode ultrasonography mayor may not be helpful to detect the primary focus of the thyroid gland. We suggest that a patient with a lateral neck cyst in adult age group should be considered to be a possibility of underlying thyroid carcinoma presanting as lateral neck cyst.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.1125-1131
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• 1997

Occult papillary adenocarcinoma of the thyroid is known to be indolent, slow metastatic, and has a good prognosis. Occult thyroid carcinoma presenting as a blood-borne metastasis without obvious cervical lymph node involvement is extremely rare. A 65-year-old male patient was visited for hoarseness, dysphagia, and shortness of breath. Bronchoscopy with biopsy revealed a papillary carcinoma of thyroid by immunohistochemical staining. Head & neck CT revealed that involving both the upper esophagus and the posterior tracheal wall, extending into the mediastinum along the upper thoracic spine at $T_1-T_2$. We have experienced a rare case of occult papillary carcinoma which invaded the trachea, esophagus and fascia of thoracic spine. Treatment was initiated with radioactive iodine and external bean therapy.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.102-105
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• 1994

The indolent course of most thyroid papillary carcinomas, even the presence of regional lymph node metastasis, make them unique among human malignant head and neck cancers. Age, sex, extracapsular invasion and anaplastic change are known to be correlated with prognosis. The purpose of this study is to clarify the significance of DNA content analysis as a prognostic factor. Twenty five thyroid papillary carcinomas were possible to be examined by flow cytometric analysis using fresh surgical specimens and three nodular hyperplasias and seven follicular adenomas were included as control group. The results were as follows: l) All of twenty five thyroid papillary carcinomas showed diploidy. 2) S-phase fraction was $1.94{\pm}2.77%$ in normal control group and $2.60{\pm}2.66%$ in papillary carcinoma group. The proliferation index was $8.44{\pm}3.89%$ in normal control and $7.70{\pm}3.63%$ in papillary carcinoma group with even low value. 3) Age, sex, extracapsular spread and lymph node metastasis showed no significant difference. In conclusion, low proliferative activity of thyroid papillary carcinomas are thought to be related with good prognosis.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-46
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• 1996

An unusual case of nodal metastases from thyroid neoplasm known as parapharyngeal space mass is likely to be overlooked. And identification of the primary lesion by excisional biopsy calls for a secondary operation. Therefore, it is important to be aware of the possible lymphatic spread of the thyroid neoplasm to the parapharyngeal space. In this case, completion thyroidectomy should be considered. Here, we present a case of thyroid papillary carcinoma masquerading as a parapharyngeal space tumor. The mass was removed by transcervical approach and pathologically diagnosed as a metastatic thyroid papillary carcinoma. Successful results were obtained after additional completion thyroidectomy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.2521-2523
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• 2013

Background: Papillary thyroid cancer or papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer. The fact that it occasionally occurs in women aged 30-40 years old suggests that genetic alterations are involved its genesis. Recently, activator mutations in BRAF gene have been relatively frequently discovered. Materials and Methods: In this study, we tested 63 DNA samples from PTC patients to identify the V600E mutation frequency in the Ahvaz population. DNA was isolated from formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) PTC tumor tissues. Genotyping was performed by PCR-RFLP and confirmed by direct DNA sequencing of a subset of PCR products. PCR-RFLP data were reported as genotype frequencies and percentages. Results: Forty nine out of 63 patients (77.8%) had a mutated heterozygote form while 14 (22.2%) showed normal genotype but none demonstrated a mutant homozygote genotype. The frequency of V600E mutation was significantly high in PTC patients. Conclusions: These findings support involvement of V600E mutations in PTC occurrence in Iran. Assessment of correlations between BRAF V600E mutations and papillary thyroid cancer progression needs to be performed.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.2341-2344
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• 2014

Background: p53 protein expression has been detected immunohistochemically in papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC). We investigated the relations between its expression and clinicopathologic features and its significance as a diagnostic marker. Materials and Methods: We compared and evaluated 93 patients in whom thyroidectomy with lymph node dissection had been performed to treat PTC for clinicopathologic significance and 102 patients with 23 papillary thyroid overt carcinomas (POC), 57 papillary thyroid microcarcinomas(PMC), 5 follicular adenomas (FA), 5 Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) and 12 nodular hyperplasias (NH) for significance as a diagnostic marker. Expression of p53 protein was evaluated immunohistochemically in sections of paraffinembedded tissue. Results: Statistical analysis showed significantly different expression of p53 in PTC versus other benign thyroid lesions (BTL).The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 85.0% and 72.7%, respectively. Overexpression of p53 protein was observed in 44 of the 93 PTC cases (47.3%), but no significant correlation between p53 protein overexpression and clinicopathologic features (age, size, multiplicity, lymph node metastasis, extrathyroidal extension and vascular invasion) was noted. Conclusions: p53 is valuable to distinguish PTC from other BTL, but there is no correlation between p53 protein overexpression and clinicopathologic features.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.140-145
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• 2019

Malignant transformation of ovarian mature cystic teratomas is rare, and papillary thyroid cancer occurs in 0.1%-0.3% of ovarian teratomas that undergo malignant transformation. We describe a case of successful in vitro fertilization pregnancy and delivery after a fertility-sparing laparoscopic operation in a patient with papillary thyroid carcinoma arising from a mature cystic teratoma.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.60-64
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• 2004

The macrofollicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (MVPC) is characterized by macrofollicles occupying more than half of the tumor and demonstrating nuclear features of classic papillary carcinoma. It is difficult to recognize on fine needle aspiration (FNA) cytology due to the paucity of aspirated neoplastic cell clusters, especially when the tumor is associated with extensive areas of hemorrhage. Case: A 34-year-old female presented with a well-demarcated nodule in the thyroid gland, diagnosed as a benign nodule on ultrasonography and computed tomography. FNA cytology smear revealed a few small aggregates of follicular cells with morphological features suspicious for papillary carcinoma, set in a background of hemorrhage, inflammatory cells, and hemosiderin-laden macrophages. Intraoperative frozen section revealed macrofollicular nests filled with hemorrhage and composed of follicular cells demonstrating nuclear clearing and grooves. Conclusion: MVPC is a rare but distinctive variant of papillary carcinoma, which is easily mistaken for adenomatous goiter or benign macrofollicular neoplasm on radiologic findings. The cytopathologist should alert oneself on encountering benign radiologic findings and any smear composed of scant numbers of follicular cells with nuclear features suspicious for papillary carcinoma despite the bland-looking background of hemorrhage and hemosiderin-laden macrophages, and recommend intraoperative frozen sections for a definite diagnosis.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.76-80
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• 1998

Generally, the papillary carcinoma generally has a favorable prognosis, and several variants of pathologic heterogeneity are recognized. Variants that are regarded as more aggressive are tall cell, columnar cell, and diffuse sclerosing types. Seventeen cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma showing clinically aggressive behavior, invading extrathyroidal structures, were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate the morphological variants of the tumors. Six of them were found to be pure papillary and nine were mixed types regarded as non-aggressive variants. Four cases were found to be tall cell variants, two cases of non-extrathryoidal invasion and two of extrathyroidal invasion regarded as aggressive variants. Our findings suggest that the prognosis of papillary carcinoma not always be based on its morphological variant and more attention should be given to other clinical parameters.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.150-154
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• 1997

Lymphoid infiltration can be seen in some lesions such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis, subacute thyroiditis and several neoplasm of the thyroid. In case of malignancy, there are a few reports of lymphoid infiltration in the diffuse sclerosing variant of papillary carcinoma. But heavy lymphoid infiltraton without evidence of sclerosis is uncommon. We experienced a case of papillary oxyphilic carcinoma with massive lymphoid infiltration, which looks like Warihin tumor of salivary gland. However cytological feature of epithelial cells exhibit that of papillary carcinoma.