• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.51-61
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• 2012

The new alkali pulping process combined with electron beam treatment was applied to utilize hemp bast tissues as a new valuable fibrous resource. Hemp bast tissues have some chemical properties with high lignin contents and holocellulose not to be defiberized by alkali pulping only, compared with the bast tissue of paper mulberry. To make up for the weakness of traditional alkali pulping process, electron beams were directly irradiated into the swelled bast tissue of hemp in NaOH solution and distilled water, and then facilitated the defiberization of hemp bast tissues. The papermaking from hemp bast fibers manufactured by the combination pulping process showed good apparent density, formation structure and air permeability, and had some mechanical properties with lower tensile, tear, burst strength and folding endurance. It is finally concluded that the combination pulping process with electron beam treatment could be suggested a new alternative for non-woody fibers.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.381-393
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• 2017

The inorganic components in tobacco sheet extract have significant influence on the sensory taste of the cigars and the harmful component delivery in cigarette smoke. To identify the contributions of the divalent inorganic components on harmful components delivery in cigarette smoke, a self-made selective electrodialysis was assembled with monovalent ion-selective ion exchange membranes. The influences of current density and extract content on the desalination performance were investigated. Result indicates that the majorities chloride, nitrate, and sulfate ions were removed, comparing with 50-60% of potassium and only less than 10% of magnesium and calcium ions removed in the investigated current density. The permselectivity of the tested cations across the Selemion CSO cation exchange membranes follows the order: $K^+>Ca^{2+}>Mg^{2+}$. A current density of $15mA/cm^2$ is an optional choice by considering both the energy consumption and separation efficiency. When the extract contents are in the range of 7%-20%, the removal ratios the potassium ions are kept around 60%, while the removal ratios of the calcium and magnesium ions fluctuate in the range of 16-27% and 8-14%, respectively. The tobacco smoke experiments indicated that the divalent metal ions have dual roles for the harmful component delivery in cigarette smoke. The divalent potassium and calcium ions were unfavorable for the total particulate matter emission but beneficial to decrease the HCN delivery in the mainstream cigarette smoke. The selective electrodialysis is a robust technology to decrease the harmful component delivery in cigarette smoke.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.174-179
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• 2021

Recently, hybrid coal research is underway to upgrade low-grade coal. The hybrid coal is made by mixing low-grade coal with bioliquids such as molasses, sugar cane, and lignin. In the case of lignin used here, a large amount of lignin is included in the wastewater of the papermaking process, and thus, research on hybrid coal production using the same is attracting attention. However, since a large amount of metal ions are contained in the lignin wastewater from the papermaking process, substances that corrode the generator are generated during combustion, and the amount of fly ash is increased. To solve this problem, it is essential to remove metal ions in the lignin wastewater. In this study, metal ions were removed by ion exchange with a alumina hollow fiber membrane coated with K-Phillipsite (K-PHI) zeolite. The alumina hollow fiber membrane used as the support was prepared by the nonsolvent induced phase separation (NIPS) method, and K-PHI seeds were prepared by hydrothermal synthesis. The prepared K-PHI seed was seeded on the surface of the support and coated by secondary growth hydrothermal synthesis. The characteristic of prepared coating membrane was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDX), and the concentration of metal ions before and after ion exchange was measured by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer (ICP-OES). The extraction amount of K+ is 86 mg/kg, and the extraction amount of Na+ is 54.9 mg/kg. Therefore, K-PHI zeolite membrane has the potential to remove potassium and sodium ions from the solution and can be used in acidic lignin wastewater.

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.121-139
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• 2000

This study is to test the possibility of applying the low-molecular weighted waste cellulase, which is produced in the process of cellulase production, to paper making. After experimenting on high-crystallized non-wood fibers with beating catalyst. I got the result that the condition for the optimal effect is temperature 40~6$0^{\circ}C$, the time 90min to 120min, pH 5.0 to 6.0, the enzyme contents 0.3% and that the effect of beating such as slight reduction of fiver viscosity, increase of water retention value(WRV) and shortening of fiber length was increased with waste cellulase. Through this process, the density, folding endurance, tensile strength and burst strength of paper was remarkably increased, which is inferred to result from the increased flexibility of fiber by individual characteristics of non-wood fiber, which was high-crystallized by penetrated low-molecular weight cellulases in the fiber.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.36 no.4 s.107
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• pp.60-66
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• 2004

In this paper, oyster shell, diatomaceous earth, and active carbon were used as filter media for treating wastewater produced in paper mills. After filtering, the changes of COD and turbidity were investigated. As the results of estimating the efficiency of wasterwater treatment, porous oyster shell having higher specific surface area in powder was more effective than the others in removal of contaminants in waterwater, especially turbidity.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.17-23
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• 2009

The influence of different forming elements on the local paper structure and the related paper properties was investigated in this study. Specifically, a conventional papermaking foil system and a velocity induced drainage (VID) system were compared. The study involved the analysis of the product samples obtained from the commercial machine trials. The paper samples produced with VID forming systems showed better formation. The deterministic patter in the local structural profile map of the Foil samples indicated the structure of foil samples was more supple after forming process and then easier to be marked by various fabrics such as wet pressing fabric. The higher bulk was observed in the VID samples, which resulted in higher scattering coefficient, lower ZDT strength, and higher bending stiffness.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.183-199
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• 2001

Alternative way of shaping fibers suitable for papermaking was introduced. Impact refining, which was done simply by hitting wet fibers with a metal weight vertically, was intended to keep the fibers from shortening and to cause mostly internal fibrillation. Virgin chemical pulp, its recycled one and OCC were used in the experiment. It was noticed from the experiment that impact refining on virgin chemical pulp kept the fiber length and Increased bonding properties greatly, However, in the recycled fibers from the chemical pulp, fiber length and bonding properties were decreased. In OCC, which seems to contain fractions of semi-chemical pulp and mechanical pulp (GP), and which is recycled pulp from corrugated boxes, fiber length and bonding properties were decreased disastrously. We believe recycled cellulosic fibers (recycled chemical pulp and OCC in this case), which went through hornification, were less resistant to the mechanical impact than virgin chemical pulp. For virgin chemical pulp, impact refining allowed no significant fiber length shortening, high WRV, and high mechanical strength.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.36-46
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• 2002

The accurate characterization of paper structure may provide critical information for ideal selection of raw materials and papermaking processes as well as for predicting the behavior and the quality of final paper products. In this study, local paper structure and the relationship among the structural parameters, thickness, grammage, apparent density and surface roughness of various handsheet and commercial paper samples were evaluated by using recently developed methods. A new concept of surface roughness was also introduced. The results demonstrate that there is significant overestimation in the measured thickness when using the conventional caliper method that originates from the surface roughness and poor paper formation. A novel non-contact thickness tester, referred to as the twin laser profilometer(TLP), provided results that were not subject to these artifacts and thus provided the local intrinsic thickness and consequently the local intrinsic apparent density.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.4-10
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• 2002

색지와 무늬지를 주로 생산하는 팬시지 공장의 경우 고객의 다양한 기호와 수요에 대응하기 위해서는 잦은 색상 및 지종교체가 필요하다. 기존 wet-end 시스템과 color control 시스템으로는 높아진 고객의 품질 욕구를 충족하기 어려울 뿐만 아니라 잦은 지종교체로 인한 생산성, 원가, 조업안정성 등의 손실을 수반한다. 이에 당사는 wet-end volume을 획기적으로 줄여 빠른 응답시간의 장점이 있는 POM 시스템(compact papermaking system) 과 on-line color control이 가능한 CLCC (closed loop color control) 시스템을 동시에 적용하여 각각의 장점을 활용한 지종 교체시간 단축과 색상의 균일성을 확보한 사례이다.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.36 no.5 s.108
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• pp.21-28
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• 2004

Com stalk was evaluated to verify the potential as a raw material for papermaking. The lower lignin content and higher hemicelluloses content of cornstalk than any woods were considered to be beneficial for pulping and strength properties of paper. The average fiber length of com stalk was similar to those of hardwood, but longer fiber fraction is little bit included. It was found that the refining of pulp can be eliminated because of higher hemicelluloses content and narrower fiber characteristic. Disadvantages of cornstalk pulp were lower bulk and opacity, but it can be overcome by the proper use of wood pulp and filler.