• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.86-93
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• 2000

High Colored kraft bleaching effluent is one of the main constrains in pulp and paper industry due to its dissloved lignin derivatives. The degradation of lignin in pulp and paper mill effluent is mainly caused by white-rot fungi. This paper showed that the treatment with KS-62 fungus significantly reduced the color and chemical oxygen demand in the effluent. The amounts of Mn ions in the wastewater would play roles in the induction and activity of MnP (Managanese peroxidase). Extracellular MnP was isolated from the fungus KS-62. The treatment with the MnP had the most effective decolorizatiion in the wastewater treatment using nutrients mediu.

• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2006년도 PAN PACIFIC CONFERENCE vol.2
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• pp.441-444
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• 2006

A lot of water is using in the paper mill for dilution, washing, sealing, and other process operation. As the regulation of water environment has been more tightened than ever before, water management in the paper mill becomes the most important task. Topics on reducing fresh water and increasing recycling water have been studied. Further, an interest in zero-effluent system has been increased. The pH of waste water in paper mill is usually weak acidic or neutral. The waste water in the paper mill includes water insoluble organic materials that are not easy to be dissolved in the water, inorganic materials that never react with water and chemical additives that are used to recycled fiber. This study investigated on the effect of various materials used in paper mill on COD. This data could be used to control the environmental load in paper mill. COD caused by raw materials and NBDCOD (Non Bio Degradable COD) after the activated sludge process are investigated in this study. Results obtained in this study can be used in a simulation program designed to control environmental load in the paper mill.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권10호
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• pp.1765-1773
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• 2016

Wastewater containing kraft lignin (KL) discharged from pulp and paper industries could cause serious environmental contamination. Appropriate effluent treatment is required to reduce the pollution. Investigations on anaerobic bacteria capable of degrading KL are beneficial to both lignin removal and biofuel regeneration from the effluent. In this paper, an anaerobic strain capable of degrading KL was isolated from the sludge of a pulp and paper mill and identified as Dysgonomonas sp. WJDL-Y1 by 16S rRNA analysis. Optimum conditions for KL degradation by strain WJDL-Y1 were obtained at initial pH of 6.8, C:N ratio of 6 and temperature of 33℃, based on statistical analyses by response surface methodology. For a 1.2 g/l KL solution, a COD removal rate of 20.7% concomitant with biomass increase of 17.6% was achieved after 4 days of incubation under the optimum conditions. After the treatment by strain WJDL-Y1, KL was modified and degraded.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1073-1080
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• 2014

A total of 10 cellulase-producing bacteria were isolated from soil samples irrigated with paper and pulp mill effluents. The sequencing of 16S rRNA gene revealed that all isolates belonged to different species of genus Bacillus. Among the different isolates, B. subtilis IARI-SP-1 exhibited a high degree of ${\beta}$-1,4-endoglucanase (2.5 IU/ml), ${\beta}$-1,4-exoglucanase (0.8 IU/ml), and ${\beta}$-glucosidase (0.084 IU/ml) activity, followed by B. amyloliquefaciens IARI-SP-2. CMC was found to be the best carbon source for production of endo/exoglucanase and ${\beta}$-glucosidase. The ${\beta}$-1,4-endoglucanase gene was amplified from all isolates and their deduced amino acid sequences belonged to glycosyl hydrolase family 5. Among the domains of different isolates, the catalytic domains exhibited the highest homology of 93.7%, whereas the regions of signal, leader, linker, and carbohydrate-binding domain indicated low homology (73-74%). These variations in sequence homology are significant and could contribute to the structure and function of the enzyme.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.58-68
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• 1999

This experiment was to investigate decoloization characteristics of E1 effluents from the bleaching plant of pulp mill with three white-rot fungi(Trametes versicolor, Ganoderma appanatum and Pleurotus ostreatus).In addition, the effect of carbon and nitrogen resources was discussed on its decolorization. The color removal of E1 effluent during shaking and stationary cultures were 72% and 80%, respectively. Stationary culture was more effective on decolorization of E1 effluent compared to the shaking culture. The optimum inoculum weight was 1.0g based on dry weight of mycelia . The decolorization medium I showed 88% of the color removal of E1 effluent with in one day cultivation of T.versicolor and P.ostreatus . Color removal was increased from 87% to 90%. T.versicolor and P.ostreatus by the addition of 0.5% glucose. By addition of nitorgen sources(ammonium sulfate and ammonium choride), medium was much higher than that of carbon source. With 0.1% ammoniumm sulfate, P.ostreatus and T.versicolor showed 94% and 92% of the color removal within one day of cultivation , respectively. On decolorization medium II, T.versicolor and P.ostretus were 94% of oclor removal with addition of carbon source. The addition of nitrogen source was much more efficient than that of carbon source. With 0.1% amminium chloride, T.versicolor and P.ostreatus showed 95% of its color removal . The decolorization medium II was higher color removal than medium I, and also MnP and laccase were produced. However, the decolorization medium I produced a little MnP and laccase activity. It could be suggested that MnP and laccase may play an important role in decolorization of E1 effluent.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.11-17
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• 1998

Reducing the effluent discharge from a paper mill is urgently needed due to tightening environmental regulations and economic reasons. For a paper mill to respond to system closure it is required to adopt the best practical retention system that enables the mill to improve fines retention and drainage. In this study, effects of various retention agents on fines retention, drainage and formation were examined using linerboard stock in the laboratory. Among the retention aids tested, high molecular weight cationic polyacrylamides showed good efficiency both in retention and drainage. On the other hand, high charge density, low molecular weight polymeric retention aids showed little improvement both in retention and drainage. The best retention system selected from the laboratory experiment was applied on a paper machine producing linerboard to evaluate its effect on papermaking system closure.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.50-58
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• 2005

It is generally known that paper industry is the second largest industry in the use of process water, and also have the highest environmental impact load in the contaminant sources. Paper is produced from the mixtures composed of 1% fibrous raw materials and 99% water. The optimum use of process water effects on the quality properties of paper and the environmental impact load of waste water treatment. In this research, the kinds of fibrous raw material & additives used in the paperboard production line were investigated, and the quantification of environmental loads and the environmental effects of process water on COD potential were evaluated. The NBDCODs were also analyzed from process water by the method of waste water treatment in paper mill and applied for the optimum use of recycling water, and zero effluent process. In the fibrous raw materials, KOCC caused the highest COD potentials, and sack paper & UKP was comparatively low. The NBDCOD of KOCC largely reduced after biological treatment because of easily biodegradable properties, but AOCC contained non-biodegradable materials. In chemical additives, COD was high in turns of rosin>starch>deaeration agent>dye, NBDCOD greatly reduced in starch and deaeration agent. In the case of 2 kinds of paperboard product, the COD potentials was mainly high in starch, AOCC and KOCC.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.163-166
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• 2010

Pulp and paper mill wastewater has been treated by biological treatment, but the secondary effluent still contains high lignin, chemical oxygen demand, color and total dissolved solids. Tertiary treatment by land application, referred to as 'Project Green,' has been implemented to treat such high quantities of undesirable matters. The impacts of seepage from Project Green diffusing into receiving streams on the water quality and fish pen aquaculture were studied via the integration of technical and social approaches. The determination of the water quality was performed for 13 sampling stations along the receiving stream, including the Chot stream, Chot lagoon and the Pong River. The water quality was generally at normal levels, with the exception of total dissolved solids. The levels of matter were higher at the Chot stream, but became more diluted at the Chot lagoon and the Pong River, respectively. The social approach was conducted through the voluntary participation of the villagers as research assistants for the fish aquaculture study. Fish could grow at three fish pens within the study sites at the location of Project Green, the Chot lagoon and the Pong River. Fish growth at the Chot lagoon was better at the site of Project Green and the Pong River. The integration of technical and social approaches was a meaningful tool not only for the technical feasibility but in helping to solve the conflict between the community and industry.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.400-408
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• 2020

Hydrodynamic study of Activated Sludge Process (ASP) is important to optimize the reactor performance and detect anomalies in the system. Residence time distribution (RTD) study has been performed using LiCl as tracer on a pilot scale aeration tank (AT) and ASP, treating the pulp and paper mill effluent. The hydraulic performance and treatment efficiency of the AT and ASP at different operating parameters like residence time, recycle rate was investigated. Flow anomalies were identified and based on the experimental data empirical models was suggested to interpret the hydrodynamics of the reactors using compartment modelling technique. The analysis of the RTD curves and the compartment models indicated increase in back-mixing ratio as the mean hydraulic retention time (MHRT) of the tank was increased. Bypassing stream was observed at lower MHRT. The fraction of dead zone in the tank increased by approximate 20-25% with increase in recycle rate. The fraction of the stagnant zone was found well below 5% for all performed experiments, which was under experimental error. The substrate removal of 91% for Chemical oxygen demand and 96% for Biochemical oxygen demand were observed for the ASP working at a hydraulic mean residence time 39 h MRT with a 20% recycling of activated sludge.