• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2024

Objectives: The objective of this study is to develop a specialized clinical research protocol for acupuncture treatment specifically designed for disaster survivors based on insights from an expert survey. Methods: An expert panel comprising specialists in neuropsychiatry, acupuncture, and clinical research methodology was assembled. Initial data to inform the clinical research protocol design was collected utilizing open-ended responses, multiple-choice questions, and a 5-point Likert scale to gauge agreement levels. Next, this data was disseminated to a panel of experts. A cohesive clinical research protocol was then formulated during a core panel meeting by integrating insights from a panel of 10 experts. Results: The protocol developed herein entails a non-randomized controlled study involving participants aged 19~64 years old who have been identified as high-risk or cautious according to the National Trauma Center screening test. The study design includes the establishment of an active control group, which allows for the assessment of an additional effect through comparison with conventional therapy. The selected acupuncture approach involves a combination of manual acupuncture and ear acupuncture. For clinical outcome assessment, the Clinician-Administered Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Scale for DSM-5 was proposed to gauge trauma symptoms. Representative scales for various domains such as depression, anxiety, anger, insomnia, pain, and quality of life were also provided for reference. Conclusions: The developed protocol is anticipated to streamline the swift design and initiation of clinical trials during disaster scenarios. It is also designed to be scalable, thereby enabling its application in both non-randomized control group studies and single-group before-and-after comparisons.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.262-267
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• 2017

Objectives: The US ranks ninth in obesity in the world, and approximately 7% of US adults experience major depressive disorder. Social isolation due to the stigma attached to obesity might trigger depression. Methods: This paper examined the impact of obesity on depression. To overcome the endogeneity problem, we constructed pseudopanel data using the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System from 1997 to 2008. Results: The results were robust, and body mass index (BMI) was found to have a positive effect on depression days and the percentage of depressed individuals in the population. Conclusions: We attempted to overcome the endogeneity problem by using a pseudo-panel approach and found that increases in the BMI increased depression days (or being depressed) to a statistically significant extent, with a large effect size.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.209-233
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• 2018

This study investigates the question of how political and economic factors may affect the export of renewable energy technologies. The relationships are tested using panel data for 19 OECD member countries over the period 1992-2012. Before establishing the empirical model, the current study checks the characteristics of the panel data, which includes various panel framework analyses, such as tests for the presence of normality, structural breaks, first-order autocorrelation, heteroscedasticity, cross-sectional dependence, panel unit-root. From the panel framework analyses, a dynamic panel model is established to test the relationship between the variables examined in this study. In order to reduce the bias of the estimation of the dynamic panel model and obtain efficient parameters, this study uses the bias-corrected least square dummy variable(LSDVC) estimator to estimate the empirical model. The results of this study show that governmental policies expressed as coercive pressure and market size positively affect the export growth of renewable energy technologies. However, public pressure and traditional energy industry have no significant effects on export performance. Policy implications are presented based on the results of this study.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.23-34
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• 2019

The façade, a fundamental function as a skin that protects human life from external environment such as cold and hot weather, snow, rain, and wind, etc, has served as a media for communication between indoor space of the building and outside space. From the media for communication point of view, the approach to envelope design, in which environmental elements are transmitted internally through the filtering of external environments, has been evolving in various ways from the past to the present. Today, modern architecture technologies including curtain wall systems and user-friendly computer programming and environmental analysis programs demonstrate a differentiated approach to envelope design related to the indoor environment. For this reason, it is worth noting that the envelope design factors and trends that appear variously in the UNStudio's projects before and after the 2000s. The factors reflected in the envelop design in conjunction with the indoor environment obtained through the case study of the UNStudio's office projects were daylight environment, thermal environment, ventilation, noise, privacy and view, and consideration for daylight environment and thermal environment was reflected in many cases through the case study. Looking at the changes in the diagrams in order of year, it can be seen that the envelope design using the environmental analysis tool has been performed since 2006. This is a clue to show the envelop design changes from the conceptual method to the data-based one. The diagrams and analysis results related to the envelop design showed that the thermal environment related to solar radiation was the most, and no diagrams and analysis related to the indoor illumination were found. Since 2010, PV panel installation has been shown in the envelope design, which can be found in the increased efficiency of PV panels due to the technological advances and the decrease in production cost.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.377-390
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• 2017

When conducting a survey, item nonresponse occurs if the respondent does not respond to some items. Since analysis based only on completely observed data may cause biased results, imputation is often conducted to analyze data in its complete form. The panel study is a survey method that examines changes of responses over time. In panel studies, there has been a preference for using information from response values of previous waves when the imputation of item nonresponses is performed; however, limited research has been conducted to support this preference. Therefore, this study compares the performance of imputation methods according to whether or not information from previous waves is utilized in the panel study. Among imputation methods that utilize information from previous responses, we consider ratio imputation, imputation based on the linear mixed model, and imputation based on the Bayesian linear mixed model approach. We compare the results from these methods against the results of methods that do not use information from previous responses, such as mean imputation and hot deck imputation. Simulation results show that imputation based on the Bayesian linear mixed model performs best and yields small biases and high coverage rates of the 95% confidence interval even at higher nonresponse rates.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.24 no.7
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• pp.29-37
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper empirically investigates the relationship between country governance quality and worker remittances from foreign countries. Because remittances can be a source of funds for economic development and smoothing economic crises in developing countries, the related topic has been a concern for policy-makers and academic researchers. This paper divides the motives of remittances into altruistic and investment motives through existing papers, and then considers the governance quality the remittance receiving country as one of the determinants of remittances. Design/methodology - Our empirical model considers whether governance quality can affect the volume of remittances, and uses altruistic and investment factors studied in the literature. To do this, a two-step approach is taken. First, the panel data are examined via pooled OLS, random effects, and Tobit estimation. Second, the paper reduces six governance indicators into one variable, Governance, using the principal component technique (PCA) for a robustness check. Findings - The main findings can be summarized as follows. The negative governance variable in the estimation results shows a lower governance quality that induces workers to send savings to their home countries. This means that a country with poor governance quality seems to have more remittance inflows from abroad. It also reveals that poor governance quality is more relevant to an altruistic motive rather than an investment motive, in general. The positive per capita GDP variable shows the investment motive for developed countries. Originality/value - Existing papers have focused on various factors related to the motives of remittances. However, governance quality effects on remittance inflows have not been fully studied so far. This paper considers governance quality in an estimation equation explicitly as one of the determinants of remittances. This area of study is needed, in theory and empirically, in order to fully understand the relationship between governance and remittances.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.649-656
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• 2021

This paper aims to examine the moderating role of bank competition on the effect of liquidity creation on bank capital. We measure bank competition using the Lerner index approach, liquidity creation using the Catfat approach, and bank capital using the capital to total asset ratio approach. This test also considers control variables from bank-specific factors such as Return on Assets, Loan to Deposit Ratio, and Non-Performance Loans as well as macroeconomic factors such as Gross Domestic Product, inflation, and Bank Indonesia interest rates. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The data sample obtained was 96 banks from a population of 114 banks in Indonesia which consistently operated during the period 2008-2018. Hypothesis testing uses panel data regression analysis techniques through the first model of the Hayes method. The results show that the negative effect of liquidity creation on bank capital depends on competition. We found that bank competition at any level (low, medium, high) negatively moderates (weakens) the effect of liquidity creation on bank capital in all banks. This finding is consistent with the view that banks may strengthen their capital in response to bank competition which may decrease the level of bank liquidity creation.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.309-316
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• 2021

Purpose: This study aimed to comprehensively explore the associations of socioeconomic status, parenting style, and grit with children's health behaviors. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 1,040 parents and their children using data from the 2018 Korean Children's Panel Survey. Socioeconomic status was measured in terms of household income and subjective socioeconomic status. Parenting style and grit and were measured using 62 and 8 items, respectively. Health behaviors were measured by assessing healthy eating habits, physical activity, and sedentary behavior. Results: Higher household income (β=.07, p=.018) and high maternal levels of an authoritative parenting style (β=.20, p<.001) were associated with higher compliance with healthy eating habits among children. Higher grit was associated with a higher number of weekly physical activity days (β=.08, p=.028) and sedentary behavior for <2 hours (odds ratio [OR]=1.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.01-1.07) in children. A maternal permissive parenting style was associated with sedentary behavior for >2 hours on weekdays (OR=0.43, 95% CI=0.27-0.69). Conclusion: We suggest that when planning interventions to improve children's health behavior, it is essential to adopt a multifaceted approach that avoids practicing a maternal permissive parenting style, promotes an authoritative parenting style, and incorporates strategies to increase children's grit.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.69-81
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• 2021

The aim of this paper is to identify the key determinants in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries for Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows by using a balanced data panel for the period from 1995 to 2018. This study covers GCC countries in their entirety. The study uses ten explanatory variables, namely, trade ratio, gross domestic product, external balance, fuel exports, gross savings, international tourism, military expenditure, net foreign assets, services value added, and total natural resources. The authors have tried to find the best fit model from the differences methods considered such as OLS, GLS regression with the help of Hausman test, and country by country regressions as additional analysis. The study revealed a significantly positive association between inflation, trade ratio, gross domestic product, gross savings, and net foreign assets with FDI. On the contrary, international tourism was revealed to have a negative association with FDI. The sample of all GCC countries chosen for this study has not been considered widely by any earlier study. Moreover, this study covered many determinants of FDI that add to the previous literature. It is a significant contribution to the current research body and stresses the originality of this paper.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 2022

The implications of bank-specific risks and macroeconomic risks on the growth, profitability, and stability of Islamic and conventional banks are examined and compared in this article. The study also investigates whether corporate governance mitigates the effects of both bank-specific and macroeconomic risks on Islamic and conventional banks' development, profitability, and stability. For the period 2007-2019, we examined a panel data set of 22 banks in Pakistan, including both Islamic and conventional banks. We discovered considerable evidence that both bank-specific risks and macroeconomic risks have negative effects on the growth, profitability, and stability of Pakistani banks using a dynamic panel data estimator, the two-step Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach. Furthermore, the findings show that bank-specific and macroeconomic risks have different consequences in both types of banking. The impacts of liquidity risk, operational risk, capital risk, inflation risk, and exchange rate risk are higher for Islamic banks than for conventional banks. Conventional banks, on the other hand, are more vulnerable to credit risk and interest rate risk. Finally, the findings show that good corporate governance reduces the negative consequences of both categories of risks on bank development, profitability, and stability. This is true for Islamic and conventional banks alike.