• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.518-523
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• 2021

Epignathus is a rare congenital orofacial teratoma that arises from the sphenoid region of the palate or the pharynx. It occurs in approximately 1:35,000 to 1:200,000 live births representing 2% to 9% of all teratomas. We present the case of a newborn of 39.4 weeks of gestation with a tumor that occupied the entire oral cavity. The patient was delivered by cesarean section. Oral resection was managed by pediatric surgery. Plastic surgery used virtual 3-dimensional models to establish the extension, and depth of the tumor. Bloc resection and reconstruction of the epignathus were performed. The mass was diagnosed as a mature teratoma associated with cleft lip and palate, nasoethmoidal meningocele that conditions hypertelorism, and a pseudomacrostoma. Tridimensional technology was applied to plan the surgical intervention. It contributed to a better understanding of the relationships between the tumor and the adjacent structures. This optimized the surgical approach and outcome.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.163-178
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• 2021

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical factors affecting the longevity of fixed retainers and the influence of fixed retainers on periodontal health in periodontitis patients. Methods: In total, 52 patients with at least 2 years of follow-up after periodontal and orthodontic treatment were included in this study. After scaling and root planing, orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances or clear aligners was performed. Fixed retainers with twist-flex stainless steel wires were bonded to the palatal or lingual sides of anterior teeth. Changes in clinical parameters, including the plaque index, gingival index, calculus index (CI), probing pocket depth, and radiographic bone levels, were evaluated before bonding of fixed retainers and at a 12-month follow-up. Cumulative survival rates (CSRs) for retainer failure were evaluated according to sex, site, CI, stage of periodontitis, and the severity of the irregularity with the log-rank test and hazard ratios (HRs). Results: Twelve months after bonding of fixed retainers, improvements were observed in all clinical parameters except CI and radiographic bone gain. The overall CSR of the retainers with a CI <1 at the 12-month follow-up after bonding of fixed retainers was significantly higher than that of the retainers with a CI ≥1 at the 12-month follow-up (log-rank test; P<0.001). Patients with stage III (grade B or C) periodontitis had a higher multivariate HR for retainer failure (5.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-23.91; P=0.026) than patients with stage I (grade A or B) periodontitis. Conclusions: Although fixed retainers were bonded in periodontitis patients, periodontal health was well maintained if supportive periodontal treatment with repeated oral hygiene education was provided. Nonetheless, fixed retainer failure occurred more frequently in patients who had stage III (grade B or C) periodontitis or a CI ≥1 at 12-month follow-up after bonding of fixed retainers.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.293-305
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• 2003

The pharynx have significant locations and functions because it forms a part of the unit in which respiration and deglutition are carried out. Because of the closed relationship between the pharynx and the dentofacial and craniofacial structure, many studies are carried out on this subjects. The purpose of this study were to compare the airway size including pharynx, soft palate, tongue and hyoid bone between normal and hyperdivergent skeletal pattern and to evaluate the change of those size in different age. The sample of this study were consisted of 51 subjects in normal group, 52 subjects in hyperdivergent group. Each was divided into two subgroups by age , child group(9-l2yr old) and adult group(18yr old over). The lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken and the distance, angle and ratio of the facial skeleton, pharynx, soft palate, tongue and hyoid bone were measured and evaluated statistically. The result obtained were summarized as follows : 1 SN-Mn angle, FMA, and Pal-Mn angle were significantly larger in child group than adult group, but the lower anterior facial height(LAFH) and facial height ratio(FHR) were significantly smaller in child group than adult group. Occlu-Mn angle was significantly steep in hyperdivergent group than normal, but not significantly different between child group and adult group. 2. Hyperdivergent group and child group had the stronger correlation between SN-Mn angle, FMA, Pal-Mn angle, LAFH and FHR and airway size than normal group and adult group. Hyperdivevgent child group had significant negative correlation between SN-Mn angle, FMA, Pal-Mn angle and sagittal skeletal dimension of nasopharynx and sagittal depth of nasopharyngeal lumen. Significant positive correlation were seen between LAFH and vertical measurement of airway. 3. There was no difference of the linear measurement of airway size between hyperdivergent group and normal group. 4. Adult group had smaller posterior pharyngeal wall, target nasopharyngeal depth longer nasopharyngeal height and longer pharyngeal length than child group. 5. The sagittal measurement of hyoid bone had no difference between child group and adult group. But adult group had larger vertical measurement of hyoid bone than child group.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.228-236
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• 2006

To evaluate the cephalometric and dental characteristics of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients, 23 OSA patients and 15 control, non-OSA, patients who visited the Sleep Disorder Clinic Center, Keimyung University were investigated. Patients who suffered from apnea-hypopnea episodes over 10times per hour were diagnosed as having OSA after polysomnograph testing, Impressions were taken with alginate. Cephalometric radiographs were taken at maximum intercuspation. The dental cast measurements, including transpalatal width, intercanine width, intermolar width and palatal depth did not differ between the control and OAS groups and did not have a positive correlation with the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Upper airway width was statistically narrower than the control group. Upper airway width had a low negative correlation with AHI, but, lower airway width had a low positive correlation, and, the higher the AHI score, the longer the mandibular border to hyoid distance.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.123-140
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• 1985

Variation in the facial pattern and effect of the rotational jaw growth on the facial proportion were studied in serial cephalometric radiographs of 40 Korean children (25 boys, 15 girls) ranging in age from 6 to 13 years. According to Y-axis (N-S-Gn) growth change during the 7 years of period, the subject who had exhibited 'wave-like' manner of Y-axis growth change within ${\pm}\;2^{\circ}$ was classified to the Parallelwise group and the subject who had exhibited Y-axis increase more than $+2^{\circ}$ was classified to the Clockwise rotation group and the subject who had exhibited Y-axis decrease more than $-2^{\circ}$ was classified to the Counterclockwise rotation group. For the comparison of each group, a total of 22 morphologic variables were employed and the data were analyzed by means of computer morphometrics and statistical methods. On the basis of the finding of this study, the following trends were established. 1. The Parallelwise group was $75\%$, the Clockwise rotation group was $12.5\%$ and the Counter-clockwise rotation group was $12.5\%$. 2. The growth pattern of cranial base was related to the rotation of mandible. 9. Maxillary prognathism was occured in the Counterclockwise rotation group and the rotation of palatal plane was occured in the Clockwise rotation group. 4. Mandibular prognathism was occured in the Parallelwise and the Counterclockwise rotation groups, especially in the Counterclockwise rotation group. 5. The degree of maxillo-mandibular divergency was constant in the Clockwise rotation group but decreased in the Counterclockwise rotation and the Parallelwise groups, especially in the Counterclockwise group. 6. There were no differences in the size of the anterior upper facial height (N-ANS) and the posterior lower facial height ((Go-Me)-PNS) but there were differences in the size of the anterior lower facial height (ANS-Me) and the posterior upper facial height ((S-N)-PNS) between each group. 7. The growth increment and the size of the facial depth was not related to the growth pattern of the face but the growth increment and the size of the facial height was related to the growth pattern of the face. 8. Proportional change due to the facial growth rotation was concentrated in the anterior lower face. 9. The most apparent difference between each group was happened in the size of the posterior cranial base (S-Ba) and the facial length (S-Gn).

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.563-572
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• 2004

Since bacterial plaque is known as the major cause of every oral disease, it is necessary to control plaque to maintain periodontal health. Although tooth brushing has been the typical method of plaque control, additional use of plaque control devices are necessary for cleansing interdental areas. Dental floss has been used for a long time as the additional plaque control device and proved to be effective. The newly developed embossed new dental pick is composed of elastic plastic material in form with its tip longer than other toothpick. In addition, as thickness of the tip gradually increases, it can be adapted easily with minimal trauma to interdental gingiva. The embossed tip can remove dental plaque easily, and the opposite end can approach lingual and palatal areas through triple angulation. Therefore, the authors studied the effect of embossed new dental pick and dental floss on periodontally involved 15 patient. The following results were obtained. 1. For embossed new dental pick, probing depth at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were $3.6{\pm}0.6mm$, $3.4{\pm}0.5mm$, $3.2{\pm}0.5mm$, respectively, and $4.2{\pm}0.9mm$, $4.1{\pm}0.9mm$, $4.0{\pm}0.9mm$, respectivly for clinical attachment level. 2. In case of embossed new dental pick, bleeding on probing at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were $43.0{\pm}4.4%$, $28.5{\pm}5.1%$, $22.2{\pm}5.6%$, respectively, and, at 1 week and 4 weeks, they were significantly different from that of dental floss. 3. Gingival index of toαhpick at baseline, 1 week, 4 weeks were $1.7{\pm}0.5$, $1.0{\pm}0.3$, $0.9{\pm}0.2$, respectively, and, $1.7{\pm}0.5$, $1.1{\pm}0.4$, $1.0{\pm}0.4$, respectively for plaque index, and $3.0{\pm}0.5$, $1.7{\pm}0.5$, $1.4{\pm}0.4$, respectively for proximal plaque index. proximal plaque index at 4 weeks was significantly different from that of dental floss. 4. The result of questionnaire showed that the two types of device were both satisfactory, however, embossed new dental pick had higher preference as well as satisfaction. As a result, embossed new dental pick is thought to be clinically effective for its simplicity and good accessibility.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.418-425
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• 2013

This case report describes about recurrent herpetic stomatitis mimicking post-root resection complication. A 49 year-old male patient was diagnosed vertical root fracture of the mesiobuccal root of his left maxillary first molar (#26). The mesiobuccal root was resected following root canal treatment of the same tooth. 19 months later, the patient presented with pain on left hard palate after a barbecue party. Intra oral examination revealed a gum boil-like blister at the hard palate corresponding to the apex of the palatal root of #26. On clinical examination, there was bleeding on probing and the periodontal pocket depth was measured less than 5 mm with no tooth mobility. On a periapical radiograph, periodontal ligament space widening was observed. Tracing the sinus tract with gutta percha cone was attempted, however, it was impossible. Extending the field of vision, small multiple round ulcerations were observed at the palate front which caused pain to the patient. Therefore, the pain was considered a non odontogenic and the patient was referred to the department of oral medicine. The patient was diagnosed recurrent herpetic stomatitis and after 3 days of antiviral medication, the pain and ulceration were subsided.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.54-67
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• 1998

The purposes of this study were to evaluate the efficiency of dentin cutting and root-end cavity preparation, and to determine the incidence of tooth crack when root-end retrograde cavity preparation was done with. ultrasonic diamond instruments. To evaluate the efficiency of dentin cutting, ultrasonic diamond and stainless steel instruments were applied to 20 exposed bovine dentin surfaces perpendicularly or parallely at the low, and medium power settings for 1 minute ($Miniendo^{TM}$, EIE, CA, U.S.A.). The resultant cavity depth was measured. To evaluate the efficiency of cavity preparation and to investigate the incidence of tooth crack, 165 mesiobuccal, distobuccal and palatal root-ends of extracted human maxillary first molars were resected by 3 mm perpendicularly to the long axis of tooth using a slow speed diamond saw after root canal preparation and filling. Retrocavities were prepared using a ultrasonic diamond instrument or a stainless steel one of the low- or medium power settings of 2 or 6. Time consumed and the number of strokes used for the cavity preparation were measured and the incidence of tooth cracks was evaluated under a stereomicroscope. The results were as follows: Both at the low and medium power settings, and both with perpendicularly- and parallely applied tips to dentin, diamond instruments showed higher dentin cutting efficiency than stainless steel ones did (p<0.01). When tips were applied to dentin perpendicularly, both diamond instrument and stainless steel one showed higher cutting efficiency with medium power setting than with low power one (p<0.01). Both at the low- and medium power settings, both diamond instrument and stainless steel one showed higher cutting efficiency when tips were applied perpendicularly to dentin surface than applied parallely (p<0.01). At the medium power setting, the number of stroke and time consumed were less with diamond instrument than with stainless steel one (p<0.05) for the retrograde cavity preparation. At the low power setting, diamond instrument induced less tooth cracks than stainless steel one did (p<0.01).