• Title/Summary/Keyword: Pairwise comparison

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The Consideration of Evaluator's Confidence and Risk Attitude in Fuzzy-AHP (퍼지 AHP 적용에 있어서 평가자 신뢰도와 위험인식 성향의 반영)

  • Nam, Ji-Hee;Lee, Young-Gun;Kim, Kwan-Hyun;Choi, Gi-Ryun;Park, Chan-Gook
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.30 no.1
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    • pp.89-95
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    • 2007
  • In general, reliability of AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) depends on pairwise comparison of evaluators. In addition, human judgment on the importance of alternatives or criteria is always imprecise and vague. To cope with these shortcomings, Fuzzy AHP is suggested and used widely recently. But in Fuzzy AHP, it cannot deal with the evaluator's various attitudes towards risk and confidence owing to evaluator's different expertise and experience. This paper proposes a method for consideration of evaluator's confidence and risk attitude in Fuzzy AHP. And suggested methods are applied various scenarios to verify the meaningfulness. The result shows that the priority of alternatives can be change through the consideration of evaluator's confidence and risk attitude.

Nucleotide Analysis of 185 rRNA and Molecular Phylogeny of the Korean Decapods (하국산 십각류의 18S 리보솜 RNA의 염기분석과 분자계통에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Won
    • The Korean Journal of Zoology
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.80-86
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    • 1992
  • The nucleotide sequences of 185 rRNAs of the five Korean decapods were partially determined by the direct sequencing method using the reverse transcriptase. ne average GC content of five species was 51.1% which is higher than that of yeast(45.0%) and lower than those of frog (53.0%) and rat (55.6%). This result follows the general patterns of the GC content in the nucleotides of the nucleic acid shown among the various phylogenetic groups. The average ratio of transrional/transversional nucleotide substitution of pairwise comparison among six species (including Anemia salina) was 1.200 $\pm$ 0.310 when whole region alas examined. However, the ratio showed some differences when the conservative regions and variable regions frere separatelv examined. The molecular phylogenies of the five species were constructed by using two different tree making methods. In general the results support the previously reported molecular phylogeny of the decapod crustaceans. However, our results indicate thats in the analysis of the sequence dat3, the UPGMA clustering method of the distance matrix method should be carefully employed after considering the rate of nucneotide substitution in the different regions of the molecule.

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A Study on the Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process to the Selection of Training Aircraft (계층화의사결정법(AHP)을 이용한 훈련용항공기의 기종 선정에 관한 연구)

  • Eun, Hee-Bong
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.63-85
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    • 1996
  • 의사 결정의 문제는 기본적으로 다수의 상충되는 기준(Criteria)하에서 최적의 대안을 선택하는 문제이며, 특히 국가나 항공사 또는 어느 기관에서 항공기의 구입시 기종 선정의 문제는 항공기 자체의 높은 가격 및 기술 파급효과, 안전성, 경쟁성 등 다수의 요인들을 심도 있게 고려하여야만 한다. 따라서 다수의 전문가 집단의 의견을 종합할 수 있다면 실패의 확률을 줄일 수 있을 것이다. 본 논문은 한국항공대학교의 훈련용 항공기의 도입 필요성이 제기됨에 따라 대상 기종인 Mooney MSE와 Cessna 172RG 기종에 대하여 현재 한국항공대학교에서 비행 교육을 담당하고 있는 운항학과 전임교수와 비행교육원 비행 교관들의 설문을 통하여 계층화 의사결정법을 이용하여 전문가 의견을 종합하였다. 계층화 의사결정법(AHP; Analytic Heirarchy Process)은 1970년대 초 T. L. Saaty에 의해 개발된 기법으로 다수의 목표, 다수의 기준, 다수의 의사결정 주체가 포함되어 있는 의사결정 문제를 계층화한 후, 상위 계층의 한 기준의 관점에서 직하위 계층의 요소들의 상대적 중요도(Relative Importance) 또는 가중치(Weight)를 쌍별비교(Pairwise Comparison)에 의해 측정하여 궁극적으로 최하위 계층의 대안의 우선순위를 구하는 기법으로 앞으로 항공기의 기종선 정시(특히 훈련용 항공기) 계층화 의사결정법(AHP)을 활용할 수 있도록 모델을 제시하고자 하였다.

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Developing a Method to Define Mountain Search Priority Areas Based on Behavioral Characteristics of Missing Persons

  • Yoo, Ho Jin;Lee, Jiyeong
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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    • v.37 no.5
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    • pp.293-302
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    • 2019
  • In mountain accident events, it is important for the search team commander to determine the search area in order to secure the Golden Time. Within this period, assistance and treatment to the concerned individual will most likely prevent further injuries and harm. This paper proposes a method to determine the search priority area based on missing persons behavior and missing persons incidents statistics. GIS (Geographic Information System) and MCDM (Multi Criteria Decision Making) are integrated by applying WLC (Weighted Linear Combination) techniques. Missing persons were classified into five types, and their behavioral characteristics were analyzed to extract seven geographic analysis factors. Next, index values were set up for each missing person and element according to the behavioral characteristics, and the raster data generated by multiplying the weight of each element are superimposed to define models to select search priority areas, where each weight is calculated from the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) through a pairwise comparison method obtained from search operation experts. Finally, the model generated in this study was applied to a missing person case through a virtual missing scenario, the priority area was selected, and the behavioral characteristics and topographical characteristics of the missing persons were compared with the selected area. The resulting analysis results were verified by mountain rescue experts as 'appropriate' in terms of the behavior analysis, analysis factor extraction, experimental process, and results for the missing persons.

An AHP Approach to Select the Technique to Improve the Manufacturing Performance in Shipbuilding Enterprise (AHP에 의한 조선기업의 생산성과 향상기법의 선택)

  • Kim, Tae-Soo;Lee, Kang-Woo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.43-50
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    • 2006
  • The objective of this research is to select the most effective technique from AMT (Advanced Manufacturing Technologies) and IMP (Innovative Management Practices) for improving manufacturing performance in shipbuilding enterprises. The research consists of several principal steps. The first step is to design critical criteria in evaluating manufacturing performance in shipbuilding enterprises. The second step is to develop sub-criteria of the critical criteria. The third step is to develop a four level AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process) structure using the critical criteria, sub-criteria and techniques from AMT and IMP. The fourth step is to develope the pairwise comparison matrix by each level of AHP structure, which was based on survey data collected at the H heavy industry. And the last step is to select the most effective technique from AMT and IMP by using AHP analysis. The results of AHP analysis did not show clear difference in priority between techniques of AMT and IMP in terms of manufacturing performance of the shipbuilding enterprise. Thus, each critical criterion was assigned modified weights and examined the priority change of techniques by conducting performance sensitivity analysis.

Identification of Viral Taxon-Specific Genes (VTSG): Application to Caliciviridae

  • Kang, Shinduck;Kim, Young-Chang
    • Genomics & Informatics
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    • v.16 no.4
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    • pp.23.1-23.5
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    • 2018
  • Virus taxonomy was initially determined by clinical experiments based on phenotype. However, with the development of sequence analysis methods, genotype-based classification was also applied. With the development of genome sequence analysis technology, there is an increasing demand for virus taxonomy to be extended from in vivo and in vitro to in silico. In this study, we verified the consistency of the current International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses taxonomy using an in silico approach, aiming to identify the specific sequence for each virus. We applied this approach to norovirus in Caliciviridae, which causes 90% of gastroenteritis cases worldwide. First, based on the dogma "protein structure determines its function," we hypothesized that the specific sequence can be identified by the specific structure. Firstly, we extracted the coding region (CDS). Secondly, the CDS protein sequences of each genus were annotated by the conserved domain database (CDD) search. Finally, the conserved domains of each genus in Caliciviridae are classified by RPS-BLAST with CDD. The analysis result is that Caliciviridae has sequences including RNA helicase in common. In case of Norovirus, Calicivirus coat protein C terminal and viral polyprotein N-terminal appears as a specific domain in Caliciviridae. It does not include in the other genera in Caliciviridae. If this method is utilized to detect specific conserved domains, it can be used as classification keywords based on protein functional structure. After determining the specific protein domains, the specific protein domain sequences would be converted to gene sequences. This sequences would be re-used one of viral bio-marks.

Data Set Design Method for developing Automatic Video Quality Measurement Technology (비디오 화질 자동 측정 기술 개발을 위한 데이터 셋 구축 방법)

  • Jeong, Se Yoon;Lee, Dae Yeol;Jeong, Yeonsoo;Kim, Tae Hwa;Cho, Seunghyun;Kim, Hui Yong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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    • 2018.06a
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    • pp.223-224
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    • 2018
  • 기계학습 기반 비디오 화질 자동 측정 기술은 주관적 화질 평가를 대체하기 위한 기술로, 비디오를 입력 신호로 화질 평가 결과를 출력 신호로 하는 기계학습 모델을 통해서 개발하는 기술이다. 학습에 필요한 비디오 데이터 셋은 입력 신호인 비디오 시퀀스와 입력의 출력신호로 학습할 주관적 화질 평가 결과로 구성된다. 이때 데이터 셋의 일부는 기계학습 기반 비디오 화질 자동 측정 기술 개발 과정에서 학습에 사용하고, 남은 일부는 개발 기술의 성능 평가에 사용한다. 일반적으로 기계학습 기반 기술의 성능은 학습 데이터의 양과 질에 비례한다. 그러나, 기계학습 기반 비디오 화질 자동 측정 기술 개발에 필요한 데이터 셋은 주관적 화질 평가 결과를 포함해야 하므로, 데이터 양을 늘리는 것은 쉬운 문제가 아니다. 이에 본 논문에서는 압축 비디오에 대한 화질 자동 측정 기술 개발을 위해 필요한 데이터 셋을 양과 질적 측면에서 효율적으로 구축하는 방법을 제안한다. 양적 측면에서 효율성을 높이기 위해 부호화 복잡도와 평가 난이도 기반으로 시퀀스를 선정 방법을, 질적 측면에서 효율성을 높이기 위해 쌍 비교(Pairwise Comparison)기반의 주관적 화질 평가 방법을 제안한다.

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A Critique on Project Management View from Project Finance Perspective on the Critical Success Factors of PPP

  • Kim, Jung-Ju;Chae, Myungsin
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.21-46
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    • 2020
  • Purpose - This study aims to find if the introduction of project finance perspective leads to any modification to the view of PM industry on CSFs of PPP and their relative importance rank. Design/methodology/approach - Through literature reviews, this study came up with a set of CSFs reflective of both perspectives. AHP method was applied for analysis by developing an Analytic Hierarchical Model from this set and survey questionnaires of pairwise comparison to solicit 46 qualified expert responses. Findings - This study concurs with PM industry to acknowledge 'risk allocation', 'legal framework' and 'quality of feasibility' as ones of most important CSFs. However, relative importance rank of individual CSFs goes through significant modification under this study in favor of 'sponsor commitment and quality' but against 'political environment', in particular. Research implications or Originality - Discussions on the CSFs led by PM industry have not been properly reflective of project finance perspective, which is injected into this study to cure the partiality. For researchers, findings of this study may call attention to financing perspective when they discuss CSFs of PPP. Practitioners may benefit from this study by allocating resources in view of this new finding when pursuing PPP projects.

Pattern of Sexual Dimorphism in Garcinia kola (Heckel) Plantation

  • Henry Onyebuchi, Okonkwo;Godwin Ejakhe, Omokhua;Uzoma Darlington, Chima
    • Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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    • v.38 no.4
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    • pp.275-283
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    • 2022
  • A study was designed to investigate the pattern of sexual dimorphism in a plantation of Garcinia kola. Twenty trees were randomly selected for the study and have been observed to flower regularly. A total of 100 inflorescence were randomly collected from the crown of each tree and 500 flowers randomly assessed within the period of four (4) flowering seasons. Floral sex assessment was done visually and with a hand magnifying lens; floral morphometric measurements (i.e. pedicel and perianth length and breadth), inflorescence length, and breadth) was taken using a veneer caliper; number of flowers per inflorescence and inflorescence per twig was counted; while, data analysis was conducted on excel using analysis of variance and pairwise t-test comparison. Four floral sexes were identified in the G. kola plantation studied which were unisexual male flowers, unisexual female flowers, cosexual unisexual male flowers, and cosexual hermaphrodite flowers. Three tree sexes were identified viz: inconstant male, invariant female, and cosexual trees. The plantation was significantly sexually dimorphic in floral sex and phenotypic traits (i.e. pedicel and perianth size), and as well as sexually dimorphic in tree sex and reproductive phenotypic traits (i.e. inflorescence size, number of inflorescences per twig, and number of flower bud per inflorescence). The sexual system of the plantation was therefore trioecious with features suggestive of evolving dioecy through the gynodioecious pathway.

Crisis Management Strategy for the Korean MICE Industry Using SWOT-AHP-TOWS Analysis

  • Kim, Yongsuk
    • Journal of Korea Trade
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    • v.25 no.6
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    • pp.34-56
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    • 2021
  • Purpose - This study presents strategies to overcome the COVID-19-induced crisis in Korea's meetings, incentives, conferences, and exhibitions (MICE) industry. It aims to quantitatively identify the environmental factors affecting the industry and their degree of influence, and derive optimal countermeasures. Design/methodology - The study applied the SWOT-AHP-TOWS framework. An AHP analysis was first performed within the SWOT frame, and then a TOWS analysis was conducted using the results of the SWOT-AHP analysis. In the AHP analysis, the number of pairwise comparison questions was limited to four for each SWOT factor to increase the consistency of responses by reducing the burden on respondents. Findings - The plunge in demand (threats factor) has had an overwhelming impact on the MICE industry, more than any other environmental factor. To overcome the crisis, the ST alternative that takes advantage of dynamic pop culture to minimize the business damage caused by the plunge in demand was the top priority measure. Based on the results, this study presents suggestions for overcoming the crisis in the MICE industry. First, the industry should develop profitable business models to supplement scarce financial resources by exploiting Korea's success with quarantine management. Second, the government must provide emergency relief funds or bailout support to protect MICE facilities and employees. Originality/value - Unlike previous work on the MICE industry, this study utilized the SWOT-AHPTOWS framework to derive quick research results in an abnormal situation. This approach can be expanded to other countries with different industrial environments and situations. Additionally, when applying this method to MICE sub-sectors, countermeasures should be tailored to each field.