• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.163-166
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• 2003

The seasonal mean wind direction and wind speed in a greater coasting area are investigated using the ECMWF(European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts) data for 11 years from 1985 to 1995. In winter, the main wind direction in Korea and vicinity, Taiwan and vicinity, and the North Pacific Ocean of middle latitudes is a northwesterly wind, northeasterly wind, and westerly wind respectively. The wind speed is strongest in the East China Sea, the South China Sea, and the North Pacific Ocean of low latitudes(Beaufort wind scale 5-6). A distribution pattern of wind direction in spring and fall is similar to that in winter. Seasonal mean wind speed is strongest in winter and the next is fall. The wind speed in summer is generally weak. However, that in the Indochina and vicinity is strong by the influence of Asian monsoon.

• Atmosphere
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.145-154
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• 2009

This study compared the sea surface wind pattern between model results from KMA operational model (RDAPS) and retrieved results from QuickSCAT in the 2006-2007 year. The mean spatial distributions of sea surface wind of RDAPS and QuikSCAT show the prominent seasonal patterns of summer and winter season adjacent to Korean Peninsular. The magnitude of sea surface wind predicted by RDAPS is weaker than that of QuikSCAT in most north Pacific ocean. In summer of 2006 positive bias with the maximum of 1 m/s is appeared in broad region of north Pacific ocean, however. the positive bias region is decreased to small region in 2007. Even though the predicted sea wind by RDAPS is stronger(weaker) than observed one by QuikSCAT in summer (winter), the RDAPS model simulate well the sea surface wind adjacent to Korean peninsular.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 1968

Two major processes that affect the vertical distribution of apparent pH in the Subarctic region of the Northeastern Pacific Ocean are (1) apparent oxygen utilization by marine organisms and (2) carbonate dissolution. Simplified mathematical approximations show that, in the pH ravge of 7.2 to 8.3, the utilization of 0.1 mM of oxygen (2.24 ml/liter) lowers the pH by 0.20 units and 0.1 mM of carbonate dissolution increases the pH by 0.25 units. Since Oxygen utilization exceeds 0.3 mM while the carbonate dissolution, with respect to the surface, is about 0.05mM, the effect of oxygen utilization is much greater than the dissolution effect of carbonate on the pH of seawater.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.20 no.E2
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• pp.43-52
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• 2004

A total of 10 boundary layer sampling events over the Pacific Ocean were analyzed for the purpose of defining the sea-to-air $CH_3$I flux using a mass balance photochemical model. These events were recorded on the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) C-130 aircraft as part of the Aerosol Charac-terization Experiment (ACE 1). The latitude range, covered by these events, was 2$^{\circ}$ N to 55$^{\circ}$ S. The flux ranges were 4 to 33 nmol m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$ , with an average value of 11$\pm$8 nmol m$^{-2}$ day$^{-1}$ . This study also indicated that the current approach to estimate the flux was not systematically different from the sea-air exchange model.

• Journal of Korean Society of Coastal and Ocean Engineers
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.335-339
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• 1994

The Tartar Strait currents of different scales are analysed using results of observations and modeling. The paper focuses on tidal phenomena and general circulation features. It is shown that the areas of maximal tidal currents are located in the regions of stable boundary streams. The stability of the streams under different meteorological conditions and energy concentration in the small areas may be explained by non-linear effects of tide over rough bottom topography.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.25-42
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• 1991

Participation of ROK navy in the Rim of the Pacific(RIMPAC) in likely to stimulate rethinking of Korea's defense role in Northeast Asia. Although the RIMPAC exercise was originally maneuvers to improve combat techniques in ASW, anti-aircraft combat. ocean supply support. surface combat. and electronics warfare. it will be finally be directed to ward securing the SLOC connecting the US, Canada. Australia and the Far East. Based on this concept, my conclusion is that two future arrangements are possible for the security of the Korean peninsula and protecting the SLOC in the combined defense of the Pacific. One is the naval cooperation between ROK and Japan. the other is the Standing Naval Force Pacific(STANAVFORPAC) The concepts of the Naval Cooperation between ROK and Japan and the STANAVFORPAC is whose time has come. The leaders, policymakers, and planners of the countries concerned need to consider such a move seriously.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.143-144
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• 2001

Among dark fleshed fishes, especially, Pacific saury has not well been used for processing because of its properties of weak tissue and high lipid content. If a simple and modified technique such as liquid smoking method for Pacific saury processing is applied successfully, it could give a lot of advantages on the field of fishery processing. In the aspects of effective utilization of dark fleshed fishes, therefore, we have attempted to process seasoned-dried Pacific saury with commercial liquid smoke. (omitted)

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.139-140
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• 2001

Among dark fleshed fishes, especially, Pacific saury has not well been used for processing because of its properties of we tissue and high lipid contents. As an aspect of utilization of dark fleshed fishes effectively, therefore, application of simple and modified technique such as liquid smoking method to Pacific saury could be beneficial to fishery processing field. The objective of this study is to examine taste compounds of seasoned-dried Pacific saury treated with liquid smoke during storage (omitted)

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.367-371
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• 2014

In early 1990s, the Korean government has launched a deep-sea research program to secure the stable long-term supply of strategic metallic minerals including Cr, Cu and Ni. Through the pioneering surveys, Korea registered $150,000km^2$ of Mn-nodule field in the Clarion-Clipperton area, the NE equatorial Pacific to the international sea-bed authority (ISA) in 1994. Following the ISA exploration code, the final exclusive exploration area of $75,000km^2$ was assigned in 2002, based on results of eight-year researches of chemico-physical properties of nodules, bottom profiles and sediment properties. Since that time, environmental studies, mining technical developments including robot miner and lifting system and establishment of smelting systems were accompanied with the detailed geophysical studies to decipher the priori mining area until 2009. Major points of the recent Korea Mn-nodule program are deployed on a commercial scale until 2015. In order to meet the goals, we developed a 1/5 scaled robot miner compared to commercial one in 2012 and performed a mining test at the water depth of 1,370 m in 2013. In addition, detailed 25,000 scaled mining maps in the priori area, which can provide operation roots of the miner, will be prepared and an environmental-friendly mining strategy will be pursued based on the environmental impact test and environmental monitoring.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 2001

Geochemical and Sr-Nd isotopic compositions and K-Ar ages are analyzed in volcanic rocks from Weno Island, Caroline Islands. Seven Weno lava samples of alkali basalt and basaltic trachyandesite are aphyric or sparsely phyric comprising olivine, plagioclase, and clinopyroxene phenocrysts. Whole-rock geochemical variation of Weno lavas reflects main fractional crystallization of olivine and Cr-spinel phenocrysts. Newly determined K-Ar ages of Weno lavas range from 6.7 to 11.3 Ma (late Miocene), indicating their formation during primary volcanic stage of Chuuk Islands. Trace element compositions of Weno lavas are very similar to those of typical ocean island basalts (OIBs), suggesting their formation during intra-plate mantle plume activity. The plume composition is isotopically very similar to that of Hawaiian hot spot. However, the age span of Chuuk volcanism is longer than that of the other individual volcanoes in the Pacific.