• Journal of the Korean earth science society
• /
• v.42 no.6
• /
• pp.734-751
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study is to prepare basic data to reflect polar literacy education in the school curriculum. The perception about the polar regions, teaching experience, and polar-related cognitive and affective characteristics of teachers were investigated. The survey was conducted among 56 elementary, middle, and high school teachers from schools from 10 major cities and surrounding regions, based on their perceptions of the polar region, current teaching status, polar knowledge, and beliefs and attitudes toward polar region and climate change. Results showed that although teachers' polar information efficacy was low, they positively evaluated the status of educators in resolving polar and climate change problems, and prioritized global citizenship values over practical purposes. The experience of teaching polar region and climate change issues at schools varied across subjects and non-subjects, but showed a passive aspect in teaching development, such as wanting to be provided with consolidated learning materials. On the cognitive aspect, teachers revealed an ambiguous understanding of the mechanisms and processes by which polar change and climate influence each other. On the affective aspect, most teachers showed strong beliefs and attitudes for polar-related issues beyond the school level, but their behavior choices were relatively lower. Based on the results, we propose the following as recommendations: providing opportunities and materials to promote polar knowledge, discovering educational materials in various contexts to form values and attitudes, developing educational materials from polar research materials, identifying misconceptions about polar knowledge among students and teachers, strengthening elementary school teachers' polar literacy, and cultivating positive attitudes and values toward polar issues.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
• /
• v.44 no.6
• /
• pp.209-215
• /
• 2011

In this paper, the long-term hemispheric variation of the polar faculae is investigated. It is found that, (1) both the N-S asymmetry and N-S asynchrony of the polar faculae exhibit a long-term persistence, which suggests that they should not be regarded as a stochastic phenomenon; (2) both the N-S asynchrony and N-S asymmetry of the polar faculae are functions of the latitude, implying that the N-S asynchrony of the polar faculae is related to the N-S asymmetry of the polar faculae; (3) from a long-term view, the dominant hemisphere of the polar faculae seems to have close connection with the phase-leading hemisphere of the polar faculae.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
• /
• v.15 no.9
• /
• pp.906-913
• /
• 2004

FFT algorithm is the most popular ISAR imaging technique from radar data. It requires polar formatting technique to make a focused image of the target as MTRC(Moving Through Resolution Cell) causes a blurred image when the data is from the wide azimuth angle. But there exits the angle limit for the application of the polar formatting and we cannot obtain clear images if the range of the azimuth angle is too wide to process with polar, formatting. This paper analyses the relative merits of the polar formatting algorithm accompanied by interpolation to the CDT algorithm that needs not the interpolation.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.17 no.8
• /
• pp.2157-2169
• /
• 2023

In order to handle the problem that puncture patterns will change the position distribution of original information bits and frozen bits in polar codes, which affects performance of puncture polar codes further, a minimum row weight and polar spectrum based puncture polar codes construction algorithm (called PA-MRWP) is proposed in this paper. The algorithm calculates row weight of generator matrix and sorts the row weight in ascending order first. Next, the positions with the minimum row weight are selected as initial puncture positions. If the rows with the same row weight cannot all be punctured, polar spectrum based auxiliary puncture scheme is used. In sub-channels with the same row weight, rows corresponding to the polarized sub-channels with higher reliability are selected as puncture positions to construct puncture vector, and the reliability is calculated based on polar spectrum. It is actually a two-step selection strategy, the proposed minimum row weight puncture (MRWP) algorithm is used for primary selection and polar spectrum based auxiliary puncture is used for adjustment. Simulation results show that, compared with worst quality puncture (WQP) algorithm, the proposed PA-MRWP algorithm and Gaussian approximation-aided minimum row weight puncture (GA-MRWP) algorithm provide gains of about 0.46 dB and 0.29 dB at bit error rate (BER) of 10^-4, respectively when code length N=400, code rate R=1/2. In addition, the proposed puncture algorithms improve the BER performance significantly with respect to quasi-uniform puncture (QUP) algorithm.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2004.06a
• /
• pp.308-311
• /
• 2004

• Proceedings of the Microbiological Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2007.05a
• /
• pp.86-88
• /
• 2007

• ALGAE
• /
• v.39 no.1
• /
• pp.57-57
• /
• 2024

• Atmosphere
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.301-319
• /
• 2016

The evolutionary process of the polar low, which caused the heavy snowfall in the East Coast area on 11~12 February 2011, was investigated to describe in detail using synoptic weather charts, satellite imageries, and ERA (European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis) -Interim reanalysis data. It was revealed that 1) the polar low was generated over the sea near Busan where a large cyclonic shear in the inverted trough branched from the parent low existed, 2) during the developing and mature stages, there was a convectively unstable region in the lower layer around the polar low and its south side, 3) the polar low was developed in the region where the static stability in the 500~850 hPa layer was the lowest, 4) the result from the budget analysis of the vorticity equation indicated that the increase in the vorticity at the lower atmosphere, where the polar low was located, was dominated mainly by the stretching term, 5) the warm core structure of the polar low was identified in the surface-700 hPa layer during the mature stage, 6) there was a close inverse relationship between a development of the polar low and the height of the dynamic tropopause over the polar low, and 7) for generation and development of the polar low, large-scale circulation systems, such as upper cold low and its combined short wave trough, major low (parent low), and polar air outbreak, should be presented, indicating that the polar low has the nature of the baroclinic disturbance.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• v.14 no.2E
• /
• pp.37-42
• /
• 1995

The polar parabolic equation method (Polar PE) which introduces a series of "cascaded" boundary fitting coordinates into the parabolic equation method has been verified as a good numerical method for atmospheric sound propagation over a curved surface and hills. Polar PE is applied here to underwater sound propagation over a sea mountain assuming locally reacting boundary sea bottom and pressure release water surface for the boundary conditions. Calculations are presented for underwater propagation over a 450 m high sea mountain. Feasibility of Polar PE application for underwater sound propagation over a smooth mountain is discussed.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• v.22 no.7
• /
• pp.902-906
• /
• 2012

Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the Antarctic green algae Pyramimonas gelidicola were analyzed to obtain molecular information on cold acclimation of psychrophilic microorganisms. A total of 2,112 EST clones were sequenced, generating 222 contigs and 219 singletons, and 200 contigs and 391 singletons from control ($4^{\circ}C$) and cold-shock conditions ($-2^{\circ}C$), respectively. The complete EST sequences were deposited to the DDBJ EST database (http://www.ddbj.nig.ac.jp/index-e.html) and the nucleotide sequences reported in this study are available in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank. These EST databases of Antarctic green algae can be used in a wide range of studies on psychrophilic genes expressed by polar microorganisms.