• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.713-723
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• 1989

In order to assess the correlation of the myocardial damage and the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass, measurement of creatine kinase [CK], lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], asparatate aminotransferase [AST], and MB band of CK [CK-MB] were carried out on the first, third, fifth, seventh, and ninth day in 44 patients following open heart surgery [POD 1,3,5,7,9]. And the patients were divided into three groups according to the duration of aortic cross clamp time [ACT]: Group I [ACT< 60 minutes. n=19], Group II [60 minutes < ACT< 90 minutes, n=7] and Group III[90 minutes > ACT, n=18]. 1. The leakage of CK in total patients increased to the highest level at POD 1, with rapid decrease and recovery at POD 7. The leakage of CK in Group III were greater than in Group I from POD 1 to POD 3 [P < 0.01]. The recovery time of CK level was shorter in Group I [POD 3] than in Group II and III [POD 7]. 2. The serum levels of LDH in total patients increased to the highest level at POD 1, with slow recovery until POD 9. The levels of LDH in Group III were higher than in Group I until POD 9 [P < 0.005]. The levels of LDH in Group I and II recovered but not in Group III. 3. The serum levels of AST in total patients increased to the highest level at POD 1, with rapid decrease and recovery at POD 7. The levels of AST in Group III were greater than in Group I from POD 1 to POD 5 [P < 0.05]. The recovery time of AST level was shorter in Group I and II [POD 5] than in Group III [POD 7]. 4. The positive cases for CK-MB in 36 patients were 22 [61.1 %] as a whole, 5[41.6%] in Group I, 4[57.1 %] in Group II, 13[76.4 %] in Group III at POD 1, and a case in each group at POD 3, and only a case in Group Ill at POD 5. It is concluded that the myocardial injury was closely related with the duration of cardiopulmonary bypass in open heart surgery.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제81권3호
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• pp.234-246
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• 1992

조경수목(造景樹木)들의 대기오염물질(大氣汚染物質)들에 대한 감수성(感受性) 및 저항성(抵抗性)을 규명하기 위해서 야외조사(野外調査)와 실내실험(室內實驗)을 통하여 엽내(葉內) 유황함량(硫黃含量)과 peroxidase(POD) 및 superoxide dismutase(SOD) 함량(含量)을 측정(測定) 분석(分析)하였다. 은행나무에서는 엽내(葉內) 유황함량(硫黃含量)과 POD 활성간(活性間)에 부(負)의 상관(相關)이 나타났고 잣나무, 소나무 및 양버즘나무에서는 엽내(葉內) 유황함량(硫黃含量)과 POD 활성간(活性間)에 정(正)의 상관(相關)을 나타내었다. 각 수목(樹木)들은 오염물질(汚染物質)이 체내(體內)에 흡수(吸收), 축적(蓄積)됨에 따라 내성기구(耐性機構)로써 POD 같은 효소(酵素) 활성(活性)을 증가시켰다. 특히 잣나무와 양버즘나무의 POD 활성(活性)이 높게 나타났다, $SO_2$ 처리실험에서 고유의 POD 활성(活性)이 낮은 침엽수(針葉樹) 1년생 잎이나 은행나무에서는 $SO_2$ 처리구간에 POD 활성(活性) 변화가 거의 없으나, 고유의 POD 활성(活性)이 높은 스트로브잣나무와 튜립나무에서는 처리농도가 높을수록 POD 활성(活性)이 증가하는 것으로 보아, 외부 stress에 대한 단기적 POD 활성(活性)은 감수성(感受性)이 큰 수종(樹種)에서 나타나며, 장기적 POD 활성(活性) 증가는 식물체(植物體)의 방어기작(防禦機作)중의 일부로써 나타났으며 수목(樹木)의 SOD와 POD 활성간(活性間)의 상관관계(相關關係)는 은행나무에서만 부(負)의 상관(相關)을 보이고 나머지 수목(樹木)에서는 정(正)의 상관(相關)을 나타내었다. SOD와 POD 활성(活性)은 수종(樹種)마다 특이한 반응(反應)을 나타내며, 대부분의 수종(樹種)에서 SOD와 POD가 동시에 내성(耐性) 기구(機構)에 참여함을 알 수 있었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권11호
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• pp.1536-1544
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• 2013

A least squares regression interval mapping model was derived to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) with a unique mode of genomic imprinting, polar overdominance (POD), under a breed cross design model in outbred mammals. Tests to differentiate POD QTL from Mendelian, paternal or maternal expression QTL were also developed. To evaluate the power of the POD models and to determine the ability to differentiate POD from non-POD QTL, phenotypic data, marker data and a biallelic QTL were simulated on 512 F2 offspring. When tests for Mendelian versus parent-of-origin expression were performed, most POD QTL were classified as partially imprinted QTL. The application of the series of POD tests showed that more than 90% and 80% of medium and small POD QTL were declared as POD type. However, when breed-origin alleles were segregating in the grand parental breeds, the proportion of declared POD QTL decreased, which was more pronounced in a mating design with a small number of parents ($F_0$ and $F_1$). Non-POD QTL, i.e. with Mendelian or parent-of-origin expression (complete imprinting) inheritance, were well classified (>90%) as non-POD QTL, except for QTL with small effects and paternal or maternal expression in the design with a small number of parents, for which spurious POD QTL were declared.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.60-66
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• 2005

Pod shape of twenty soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) genotypes was evaluated quantitatively by image analysis using elliptic Fourier descriptors and their principal components. The closed contour of each pod projection was extracted, and 80 elliptic Fourier coefficients were calculated for each contour. The Fourier coefficients were standardized so that they were invariant of size, rotation, shift, and chain code starting point. Then, the principal components on the standardized Fourier coefficients were evaluated. The cumulative contribution at the fifth principal component was higher than $95\%$, indicating that the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth principal components represented the aspect ratio of the pod, the location of the pod centroid, the sharpness of the two pod tips and the roundness of the base in the pod contour, respectively. Analysis of variance revealed significant genotypic differences in these principal components and seed number per pod. As the principal components for pod shape varied continuously, pod shape might be controlled by polygenes. It was concluded that principal component scores based on elliptic Fourier descriptors yield seemed to be useful in quantitative parameters not only for evaluating soybean pod shape in a soybean breeding program but also for describing pod shape for evaluating soybean germplasm.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.25-31
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• 2018

항공탑재시험은 복잡해지는 무기체계 개발과정에서 데이터 획득을 위해 수행하는 중요한 시험 중 하나이다. 본 논문은 무기체계 개발 과정중 수행하는 항공탑재시험용 POD 시스템에 대한 설계 내용 및 시험 결과를 소개한다. 항공탑재시험용 POD는 좌 우 2개의 POD가 설계 및 제작되었고 각각의 POD는 항공기 연료탱크와 동일한 외형과 질량특성을 갖도록 하여 감항인증 절차를 생략할 수 있도록 하였다. 또한 무기체계 개발에 필요한 표적 영상 데이터 계측, 항법 데이터 획득, 알고리듬 검증 및 분석에 필요한 기준 데이터를 획득할 수 있도록 구성품들을 적절하게 배치하였다. 항공탑재시험용 POD 시스템은 기계적, 전기적 요소들이 모두 반영된 복합적인 시스템이며 개발된 POD 시스템은 반복적으로 항공탑재시험에 사용되어 무기체계 개발에 필요한 다양한 데이터를 성공적으로 획득하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2013

본 연구의 목적은 새로운 매체로 확산 중에 있는 팟캐스트 이용자들의 이용행동을 연구하기 위한 것이다. 본 연구는 팟캐스트의 이용동기를 살펴보는 한편 계획행동이론의 독립변인들인 팟캐스트 이용에 대한 사회적 규범, 이용태도, 자기효능감이 팟캐스트 이용행동에 미치는 영향은 무엇인지를 살펴보고자 한다. 연구결과 팟캐스트의 이용동기는 생활정보추구, 오락추구, 전문정보추구, 현실도피 등으로 나타났다. 특히 이용동기 가운데 생활정보추구와 현실도피 요인이 팟캐스트 이용빈도에 유의미한 영향을 주는 것으로 조사되었다. 계획행동이론은 팟캐스트 이용행동을 유의미하게 설명하는 모델인 것으로 나타났으며, 그 중 자기효능감이 중요한 변인인 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국정보교육학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보교육학회 2010년도 하계학술대회
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• pp.199-207
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• 2010

정보화의 급속한 발전과 아이팟(iPod), 아이폰(iPhone)의 전세계적인 보급과 함께 교육 분야에서의 모바일 기기의 활용은 학교 교육의 방법적인 측면에서 많은 아이디어를 제시하고 있다. 아이팟(iPod)과 아이폰(iPhone)이 가지고 있는 다양한 기술의 활용은 기존의 학교 및 교육 방법에 있어서 많은 변화를 가져오고 있는데, 전통적인 교실 혹은 실습실 수업에서 해결하지 못했던 여러 가지 교수 방법적인 문제와 학생 중심의 교육 패턴을 지원하는 기능을 가진 아이팟(iPod)과 아이폰(iPhone)이 학생들에게도 점차 보급되고 있기 때문이다. 이에 본 연구는 휴대용 멀티미디어 기기 및 모바일 기기를 통해 변화된 정보화의 교육적 패러다임을 구현하는 방안을 제시함으로서 정보화 시대를 살아가는 교사와 학생들에게 창의적인 교실 수업 개선에 기여하고자 한다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.343-350
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• 2015

Cocoa pod is among the by-products of cocoa (Theobroma cacao) plantations. The aim of this study was to apply a number of treatments in order to improve nutritional quality of cocoa pod for feeding of ruminants. Cocoa pod was subjected to different treatments, i.e. C (cocoa pod without any treatment or control), CAm (cocoa pod+1.5% urea), CMo (cocoa pod+3% molasses), CRu (cocoa pod+3% rumen content) and CPh (cocoa pod+3% molasses+Phanerochaete chrysosporium inoculum). Analysis of proximate and Van Soest's fiber fraction were performed on the respective treatments. The pods were then subjected to an in vitro digestibility evaluation by incubation in rumen fluid-buffer medium, employing a randomized complete block design (n = 3 replicates). Further, an in vivo evaluation of the pods (35% inclusion level in total mixed ration) was conducted by feeding to young Holstein steers (average body weight of $145{\pm}3.6kg$) with a $5{\times}5$ latin square design arrangement (n = 5 replicates). Each experimental period lasted for 30 d; the first 20 d was for feed adaptation, the next 3 d was for sampling of rumen liquid, and the last 7 d was for measurements of digestibility and N balance. Results revealed that lignin content was reduced significantly when cocoa pod was treated with urea, molasses, rumen content or P. chrysosporium (p<0.01) with the following order of effectiveness: CPh>CAm>CRu>CMo. Among all treatments, CAm and CPh treatments significantly improved the in vitro dry matter and organic matter digestibility (p<0.05) of cocoa pod. Average daily gain of steers receiving CAm or CPh treatment was significantly higher than that of control (p<0.01) with an increase of 105% and 92%, respectively. Such higher daily gain was concomitant with higher N retention and proportion of N retention to N intake in CAm and CPh treatments than those of control (p<0.05). It can be concluded from this study that treatment with either urea or P. chrysosporium is effective in improving the nutritive value of cocoa pod.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.64-67
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• 2001

Snap bean is a new corp in Korea but believed to have a great deal of potentials for both domestic and overseas markets. The present study was performed to obtain the basic information about growth- and quality-related characteristics and to determinate the optimum seeding date and harvesting time for snap bean. Pod yield was significantly affected by seeding date. The highest pod yield was obtained from March 20 for determinate type and April 4 for indeterminate one, respectively, with the range of 13.0-23.7 t/ha. The pod length of indeterminate type was over 13cm, and the pod length was over 5 grams. The pod width for tested varieties was less than 1.0cm. Considering the pod growth characters such as pod length, pod width, and pod weight, the optimum harvesting time for immature pods of snap bean was supposed to be from 15 to 20 days after flowering. The daily yield of snap bean was begun to sharply increase from 15 days after the first flowering and the maximum yield was recorded at 30 days after flowering. For the accumulated yield, nearly 90% of total yield was obtained in 42 days after flowering.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.164-170
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• 2006

To improve ship's maneuverability and carry out special goal POD propulsion system was equipped as propulsion and maneuvering system. To predict the maneuverability of a ship with POD propulsion system HPMM tests and POD open water test are carried out. In this paper modular model with 4 degree of freedom of a ship with twin POD propulsion system is presented. To use modular model the forces of POD propulsion system are measured separately from the hull forces. The measured forces and moments are analyzed by using modular model and whole ship model The simulation results of modular model are compared with those of whole ship model. From the present study it is Possible to analyze HPMM tests of a ship with twin POD propulsion system by modular model.