• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.308-315
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• 2007

For the effective use of squid processing by-products as food resources, the distribution and the extraction condition of endoprotease and exopeptidase from viscera of Illex argentinus were investigated. Crude protein and lipid contents of viscera of Illex argentinus were 17.2% and 16.9%, respectively. Regardless of kinds of extraction solution (water, 1% NaCl, 1% KCl and 1% NaCl- KCl) and extraction times (1-20 h), endoprotease activities from viscera of Illex argentinus on Hb, casein and azocasein (pH 6.0) were higher than those on casein and azocasein of the other pHs, thus indicating that the distribution of protein hydrolysing protease is distinctive in the weak acid pH range. Exopeptidase activities against LeuPNA and ArgPNA at pH 7.5 were relatively higher than endoprotease activity of the same pH. The results suggested that exopeptidase among proteases from viscera of Illex argentinus was reasonable for application in food industry compared to endoprotease. The activity in enzymes from viscera of Illex argentinus was the highest in the exopeptidase extracted with deionized distilled water at room temperature for 6-8 h. The optimal reaction conditions of crude enzyme from viscera of Illex argentinus were 7.5 for pH and $50-55^{\circ}C$ for temperature.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.118-151
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• 1997

Allergic contact dermatitis is a common skin disease resulting from specific immumologic sensitization to topically applied various allergen. Purpose of this study was to investigate skin morphologic chganges by light microscopic, changes of protein band by SDS-PAGE in the skin treated on the surfactant. Furthermore, lectin histochemistry is used to know the chagnges of the terminal sugar of the glycoconjugate in the skin treated on the surfactant. The results were as follows : The 1 day of treated group was indicated the enlargement of capillary, the 3 days of treated group was showed that the cytoplasm was eosinophlic by the pyknotic of nucleus. The 6 days of treated group was observed hyperkeratinoid, increased of inflammation cells to epithelium. The 9 days of treated group was appeares that serum crust was sheded and formed a acanthosis. But dermis layer was cytoplasmic vaculation and enlargement of intercellular space. The 12 days treated group made up new epidermis layer of seven layer and of observed an decreased in quantity of inflammation cells. The mast cell of degranulated type was increased in treated surfactnat. It was secreating granules hold histamin, serotonin and heparin. Accordingly, protein band of electrophortic phase was observed a sudden changes since 3 days treated group. At observeation of the cell-surface glycoconjugates, LCA, PNA, SBA and WGA lectin positive cells but inducated lectin negative cells in Con-A. Furthermore, PNA and SBA showed stroger positive reaction as treated surfactant group.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.197-202
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• 2012

This study examined and compared the exopeptidase and endoprotease activities of the hepatopancreas (HP) of cuttlefish, squid, and octopus species. The protein concentration in crude extract (CE) from octopus HP was 3,940 mg/100 g, lower than those in CEs from squid HP (4,157 mg/100 g) and cuttlefish HP (5,940 mg/100 g). With azocasein of pH 6 as a substrate, the total activity in HP CE of octopus was 31,000 U, lower than the values for cuttlefish (57,000 U) and squid (69,000 U). Regardless of sample type, the total activities of the CEs with azocasein as the substrate were higher at pH 6 (31,000-69,000 U) than at pH 9 (19,000-34,000 U). With L-leucine-p-nitroanilide (LeuPNA) of pH 6 as the substrate, the total activity of the HP CE from octopus was 138,000 U, higher than values from both cuttlefish HP (72,000 U) and squid HP (63,000 U). Regardless of sample type, the total activities of the CEs with LeuPNA as the substrate were higher at pH 6 (63,000-138,000 U) than at pH 9 (41,000-122,000 U). With LeuPNA as the substrate, the total activities of the CEs from octopus HP and cuttlefish HP were higher at pH 6 than at pH 9. However, there was no difference in total activity between pH 6 and 9 for squid HP CE with LeuPNA as the substrate. These results suggest that the octopus HP is superior to the cuttlefish HP and squid HP as a potential resource for extracting exopeptidases. Exopeptidases from octopus HP have potential industrial applications and their use might aid in reducing pollution related to the octopus industry.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.32 no.spc8
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• pp.2863-2864
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• 2011

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.697-697
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• 2003

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.491-491
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• 2005

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.15 no.6 s.66
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• pp.56-64
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• 2000

홈 네트워크의 표준화를 추진하는 분야활동은 크게 매체에 의해서 유/무선으로 구분될 수 있다. 여기서 소개하는 이외에도 홈 네트워크를 목표로 하는 활동분야는 많지만 여기서는 최근 활동이 활발한 분야인 TA1394/HAVi, USB2, Home PNA, 전력선 통신, 무선 1394, Home RF-WG, 블루투스, IrDA의 표준화 단체를 중심으로 국내외 표준 규격화 동향에 대하여 기술한다.

• BMB Reports
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 1996

Germinal centers (GCs) are formed in peripheral lymphoid tissues in response to protein antigens. In order to see if immunoglobulin isotype switching takes place in GC B-cells, we isolated GC B-cells (PNA positive cells) from mouse popliteal lymph nodes by a flow cytometer after the staining of lymph node cells with PNA-FITC and anti-B220-PE, and determined the expression of ${\gamma}1$ germline transcript and ${\gamma}1$ mRNA by RT-PCR. ${\gamma}1$ germline transcript and ${\gamma}1$ mRNA were amplified specifically in cDNAs from hybridoma expressing IgG1 or splenocytes stimulated LPS plus IL-4. Germinal center B-cells formed in popliteal lymph nodes of mice immunized with chicken ovalbumin were isolated 7 days after immunization. We sorted GC B-cells five times. Immunoglobulin ${\gamma}1$ germline transcripts were expressed in germinal center B-cells in three out of five sorts whereas two out of five sorts did not express ${\gamma}1$ germline transcripts in GC B-cells. The contents of GC B-cells ranged from 5 to 7% of total lymph node cells in most flow cytometric analyses but those of two sorted cells which did not express ${\gamma}1$ germline transcripts were out of normal range. These results imply that isotype switching of immunoglobulins may take place in GCs.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.26 no.3 s.63
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• pp.215-227
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• 2005

Objectives : This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Pyungjintang on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions of mire. Methods : Experimental mice were classified into not-treated group (NOR group), gastro-inflammation elicitated group (CON group), misoprostol-administered group after gastro-inflammation elicitation (MA group), and Pyungjintang-administered group after gastro-inflammation elicitation (PA group). This study examined the morphological change, distribution of mast cells, mucus surface cells, neutral mucus secreting cells, acid mucus secreting cells, PNA reaction, angiogenesis (MIP-2), COX-1, Hsp70, NF-kB p50, COX-2IL-12B, ICAM-1, BrdU and apoptotic cells of gastric mucosa. Results : 1. The scars of diapedesis, dilatation of right gastric artery and the hemorrhagic erosions of gastric mucosa were reduced in the MA and PA groups. 2. Gastric perforation was observed in the gastro-inflammation elicitated group, but not in the MA and PA groups. 3. The COX-1 positive cellsl, cell proliferation of gastric mucosa, neutral mucus secreting ce31s, acid mucus secreting cells and PNA positive reaction of surface mucus cells were increased in the MA and PA groups. 4. The distribution of apoptotic cells, mast cells, MIP-2, Hsp70, NF-kB p50, COX-2, IL-l2B and ICAM-1 were decreased in the MA and PA groups. Conclusions : Pyungjintang had excellent effects on indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal lesions in mice.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.531-539
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• 1996

The lectin-binding patterns in the testis of the sexually matured Jindo dog were investigated to study the distribution of glycoconjugates in the seminiferous tubule under light and transmission electron microscopy. Positive reactions to Wheat germ agglutinin(WGA) and Dolichos biflorus agglutinin (DBA) were observed in the Sertoli cell and in the residual body of spermatid with a stronger reaction in the Sertoli cell to the lectins than in the residual body. Strong reactions to Soybean agglutinin(SBA) and Peanut agglutinin(PNA) were observed in the acrosome vesicles of the Golgi- and cap-phase spermatid, while a moderate reaction was observed in the acrosome-phase, maturation-phase spermatid and the residual body. The acrosome area of the spermatid reacted intensively to Griffonia simplicifolia agglutinin( GS-I) when the cell was in the acrosome-phase and maturation-phase, and the same reaction to the GS-I was observed in the residual body. However, the seminiferous tubule did not react to Ulex europeus agglutinin I(UEA-I). The gold-labelling of the Sertoli cells with DBA resulted in positive reactions of the Sertoli cell column and processes when observed under the electron microscopy, while the Golgi-, cap- and acrosome-phase spermatids reacted positively to SBA in the peripheral low-dense area of the acrosome vesicle of spermatid. Based on these results, we concluded that differences in the lectin-binding pattern of the seminiferous tubules were recognized in the Jindo dog compared to other animals.