• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.124-129
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• 1999

배경: 심실 중격 결손으로 인한 좌우 단락은 폐정맥 환류의 증가로 인한 좌심방 및 좌심실의 비대를 유발할 뿐만 아니라, 폐동맥압이나 폐혈관 저항을 증가 시키므로 우심실의 후부하에 간접적인 영향을 미친다. 따라서 폐동맥 고혈압을 추정하는 하나의 지표로 사용되고 있는 우심실 수축기 시간 간격의 변화를 추적하여 우심실 부하의 변화 정도를 확인하고, 이를 심실 중격 결손 환아의 술 후 관리 지침에 반영하고자 본 연구를 시도하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1995년 1월부터 1996년 12월까지 영남대학교 의과대학 부속병원에서 다른 심기형이나 증후군을 동반하지 않은 단순형 심실중격결손으로 진단받고, 봉합술을 전후하여 어떠한 전신 질환이나 합병증을 동반하지 않은 12명을 대상으로, M-mode 및Doppler 심초음파도를 이용하여 봉합술 전, 술후 3개월 그리고 술후 6개월에서 1년 사이(평균9.5$\pm$1.8개월)의 심박수, 좌심방/대동맥 내경비(LA/Ao), 우심실 박출 전기(right ventricular pre-ejection period : RVPEP)와 우심실 박출 기간(right ventricular ejection time : RVET)을 구하여 그 비(RVPEP/RVET)의 변화를 알아 보았다. 결과:심박수는 술후 실시한 두 차례의 검사에서 유의한 감소를 보였다(137.1$\pm$13.7 vs 114.4$\pm$21.1 and 104.1$\pm$10.2, p<0.01). 좌심방/대동맥 내경비는 술후 실시한 두 차례의 검사에서 유의한 감소를 보였다(1.71$\pm$0.32 vs 1.47$\pm$0.33 and 1.390.23, p<0.05). RVPEP/RVET는 술후 두 차례의 검사에서 유의한 감소를 보였으며(0.38$\pm$0.09 vs 0.32$\pm$0.08 and 0.29$\pm$0.09, p<0.01) 각각을 심박수로 교정한 RVPEP/RVET는 술후 3개월에는 유의한 감소를 보이지 않았으나 술후 6개월에서 1년 사이에는 유의한 감소를 보였다(0.32$\pm$0.03 vs 0.30$\pm$0.05 and 0.28$\pm$0.06, p<0.05). 결론: 심실중격결손으로 인한 좌우 단락은 폐동맥압의 증가를 유발하여 우심실의 후부하에 영향을 미친다는 사실을 우심실 수축기 시간 간격의 변화를 통하여 간접적으로 확인할 수 있었으며, 우심실의 과부하 상태가 수술적 교정 직후부터 정상으로 회복되기 시작하나, 단순형 심실중격결손이라 할지라도 술후 6개월 이상까지 지속되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권5호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2005

This study was conducted to identify the soluble carbohydrates in soybean seeds using on-line HPLC-RID-ES/MS and HPLC behavior, and to deter­mine their contents for high quality soybean breeding. The monosaccharide (glucose) and three oligosaccharides (sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose) were identified in Korean soybeans by their chromatographic behavior and results of on-line HPLC-RID-MS with Electro­spray Ionization mode. On the basis of HPLC with a RID detector, the 32 Korean major soybeans contain $0.37{\pm}0.26\%$ glucose, $4.55{\pm}0.91\%$ sucrose, $1.19{\pm}0.19\%$ raffinose, and $2.72{\pm}0.37\%$ stachyose on a dry basis. In 468 soybean germplasms, the ranges of glucose, sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose were $0.03 - 0.98\%$, $2.33 - 6.96\%$, $0.08 -1.87\%$ and $0.75 - 3.18\%$, respectively. Among 500 soybean samples, oligosaccharide contents of 32 Korean major cultivated soybeans and 468 soybean germplasms were varied $5.83 - 10.06\%$ and $3.66 - 10.32\%$, respectively. The composition of glucose, sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose in soluble carbo­hydrates of 500 soybean samples were $2.07 {\pm} 1.75\%$, $58.01{\pm}5.82\%$, $10.13{\pm}2.28\%$ and $29.80{\pm}4.54\%$, respectively. Sucrose appeared to be most prevalent in soy­bean soluble carbohydrates.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.1091-1095
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• 2009

The aim of this study investigated the fluctuations of 3 characters from 3 ecotypes [early ripening (ER), middle ripening (MR), and late ripening (LR)] of 20 Korean brown rice cultivars in different storage systems [time: 12 and 24 weeks, temperature: low ($10^{\circ}C$) and room ($25^{\circ}C$)]. With increase of storage time and temperature, lipoxygenase activity, and fat acidity increased, whereas germination rate was reduced. ER cultivars exhibited the highest lipoxygenase activity of $35.49{\pm}2.46$ unit/mg protein during 24 weeks storage at $25^{\circ}C$, followed by LR ($32.73{\pm}1.33$) and MR ($32.66{\pm}1.62$) cultivars. The amounts of fat acidity also were observed by the same order (ER: $20.40{\pm}2.12$>LR: $19.68{\pm}1.86$>MR: $19.64{\pm}1.35$ mg KOH/100 g). Germination rate slightly decreased with increase of time and temperature (MR>LR>ER), but MR and LR cultivars showed the most significant changes (ER: $60.90{\pm}23.47%$, MR: $32.66{\pm}13.95%$, and LR: $32.53{\pm}5.87%$). On the basis of above results, MR cultivars were evaluated the highest quality, because high lipoxygenase activity, high fat acidity, and low germination rate have deteriorated in quality and generated off-odor. Thus, MR cultivars might be very important sources in food processing and stored dietary supplement aspects.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.335-340
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• 2011

맥문동, 차가버섯, 감초, 흑삼, 백출, 백복령, 당귀, 숙지황, 천궁, 작약의 추출물을 이용한 한방소재로 에센스와 크림을 제조하여 눈가의 주름개선 효과를 평가하였다. 평균연령 44.8세의 한국인 중년여성 6명을 대상으로 에센스 사용 후 크림 사용으로 매일 2회씩(아침, 저녁), $1cm^2$당 2mg씩, 4주간 연속 사용하도록 한 다음, 4주 경과 후 눈가 주름의 모사판을 제작하여 영상 분석하였다. 눈꼬리 주름 모사판 영상분석 결과, 에센스와 크림 사용 4주 후 주름 R1은 $3.22{\pm}0.85$에서 $2.38{\pm}0.32$, R2는 $3.08{\pm}0.83$에서 $2.22{\pm}0.32$, R3는 $2.29{\pm}0.64$에서 $2.29{\pm}0.64$, R4는 $0.44{\pm}0.14$에서 $0.44{\pm}0.14$, R5는 $0.98{\pm}0.21$에서 $0.98{\pm}0.21$로 유의하게 감소하여(P<0.05), 본 시료는 눈가주름개선에 효과 있는 것으로 평가되었다.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2004년도 제21차 정기총회 및 학술발표회
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• pp.97-98
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• 2004

한국 재래닭의 중요 산란형질에 대한 각 계통의 세대별 시산일령, 시산난중, 270일령 난중 및 산란수의 평균능력은 각각 147.1$\pm$1.9일, 32.3$\pm$0.9 g, 49.4$\pm$0.7 g 및 76.2$\pm$1.7개이었고, 세대당 평균 능력 변이는 각각 -0.75$\pm$0.01 일, 0.33$\pm$0.08 g, 0.19$\pm$0.05 g 및 0.47$\pm$0.3개였다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.4-8
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• 1976

Authors investigated the hematological examinations of 993 persons at rural region among the 1,7 41 of residents in-the part of Dang Jin (M:268, F:247) and Young Joo (M:270, F:208) in the Korea which was indicated as follows. 1. Average value and standard deviation of hematological items represents as follows: i) Hemoglobin Men Dang Jin-13.99$\pm$0.52. Man Young Joo-14.93$\pm$0.57 Women Dang Jin-12.56$\pm$0.38 women Young Joo-13.65$\pm$0.48 ii)Hematocrit Men Dang Jin-42.68$\pm$1.09 Man Young Joo-44.61$\pm$1.42 Women Dang Jin-38.16$\pm$0.93 women Young Joo-40.33$\pm$1.27 iii) Mean Corpuscular hemoglobin concentration Men Dang Jin-32.79$\pm$1.06. Man Young Joo-33.46$\pm$0.36 Women Dang Jin-32.92$\pm$0.75 women Young Joo-33.83$\pm$0.82 iv) WBC Men Dang Jin-7.130$\pm$880. Man Young Joo-7.490$\pm$910 Women Dang Jin-6.030$\pm$1.150 women Young Joo-7.320$\pm$1.040 2. The aspect of blood type at Young Joo and Dang Jin was same indicated in the order of A,O,B, and AB. 3. There are higher values of hemoglobin, hernatocrit, M.C.H.C. and WBC in men and women at Young Joo than Dang Jin.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제36호
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• pp.93-109
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 경호, 경비현장에서 이루어지는 대치상황에서 경호, 경비원의 장비 중 삼단봉을 선택하여 머리치기 동작의 운동학적 분석을 실시하였다. H대학교 경호학과 학생 출신10명을 대상으로 연구를 실시하였다. 숙련자 그룹에서 삼단봉 교육 프로그램 실시하였고, 숙련자그룹과 비숙련자 그룹으로 연구 하였다. 구간별 소요시간은 숙련자 (e2) 0.428sec 비숙련자 0.435 sec, (e3) 에서는 숙련지 0.230 sec 비숙련자 0.232 sec 소요되었으며, 비숙련자 그룹에서 소요시간이 많이 소요된 것으로 나타났다. 신체중심 이동 변위는 좌, 우 숙련자$2.16{\pm}0.95cm$, $3.78{\pm}1.42cm$, 전체적으로 $5.94{\pm}2.03cm$ 변화를 보였다. 비숙련자 $2.97{\pm}1.01cm$, $4.56{\pm}1.57cm$, 전체적으로 $7.53{\pm}2.13cm$ 변화를 보였고, 전, 후 이동에서는 숙련자$32.48{\pm}3.86cm$, $35.21{\pm}4.64cm$, 전체적으로 $69.36{\pm}5.72cm$ 변화를 보였다. 비숙련자 $34.50{\pm}6.12cm$, $37.04{\pm}3.70cm$, 전체적으로 $71.46{\pm}7.17cm$ 변화를 보였다. 그리고 상, 하 이동변위에서는 숙련자 $5.62{\pm}2.49cm$, $4.54{\pm}1.87cm$, 전체적으로 $10.11{\pm}1.57cm$ 변화를 보였다. 비숙련자 $6.33{\pm}1.78cm$, $4.86{\pm}1.85cm$, 전체적으로 $10.68{\pm}1.81cm$ 변화를 보였다. 손목관절의 각도 변화에서 손목각도이며, 숙련자e1, $114.62{\pm}7.13$, e2 $68.27{\pm}6.37$, e3 $131.64{\pm}6.27$, 비숙련자 e1, $112.62{\pm}6.13$, e2 $66.28{\pm}7.38$, e3 $137.42{\pm}4.28$ 팔꿉치 관절의 각도 변화이며, 숙련자 e1, $132.31{\pm}6.55$, e2 $117.92{\pm}8.42$, e3 $144.41{\pm}6.32$, 비숙련자 e1, $133.58{\pm}8.56$, e2 $114.45{\pm}8.21$, e3 $139.89{\pm}4.38$ 어깨관절의 각도 변화이며, 숙련자 e1, $13.55{\pm}3.85$, e2 $131.42{\pm}11.24$, e3 $78.32{\pm}6.28$, 비숙련자 e1, $9.45{\pm}1.23$, e2 $136.74{\pm}13.21$, e3 $79.75{\pm}4.24$, 각 변화를 보였다.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.71-88
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• 1996

For understanding skin temperature based on clothing design from a viewpoint of comfortable wearing, the skin temperature, physiological reactions(body temperature, blood pressure and pulse) and physilolgical response(thermal sensation, comfort sensation and perceptive sweaty sensation) were measured on condition tha t5 naked healthy male exposed to serveral environmental temperatures,( $20{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ ,$28{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ and $32{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$). As the results of this testing, the regional skin temperature was varied for 90min just after expose to those the environment but was generally stabilized for the nest 90min. It was proved the difference of the regional skin temperature at low temperature environmental($20{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$) was larger than at high temperature environmental($32{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$) and inder serveral environmental temperature,the degree of the regional skin was not equal. Except in case of the thigh, the front of all regional skin temperature turned out higher than the back of them. According to change of environmental temperature, body temperature and pulse were altered. In the pshycological response, 'thermal sensation-comfort sensation' was felt to 'slightly warm - comfortable' at $28{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$of the environmental temperature, and 'perceptive sweaty sensation', wneh it was said 'sweat' at only $32{\pm}1.0^{\circ}C$ of it.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.32-45
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• 2016

The anthropogenic aerosols originated from the pollutant emissions in the eastern part of China and dust emitted in northwestern China in Yellow sand regions are subsequently transported via eastward wind to the Korean peninsula and then these aerosols induce high $PM_{10}$ concentrations in Korean peninsula. In order to estimate air quality considering anthropogenic and dust emissions, Comprehensive Air-quality Model with extension (CAMx) was applied to simulate $PM_{10}$ concentration. The predicted $PM_{10}$ concentrations without/with dust emissions were compared with observations at ambient air quality monitoring sites in China and Korea for 2008. The predicted $PM_{10}$ concentrations with dust emissions could depict the variation of measured $PM_{10}$ especially during Yellow sand events in Korea. The comparisons also showed that predicted $PM_{10}$ concentrations without dust emissions were under-predicted while predictions of $PM_{10}$ concentrations with dust emission were in good agreement with observations. This implied that dust emissions from desert and barren soil in southern Mongolia and northern China minimized the discrepancies in the $PM_{10}$ predictions in East Asia. The effect of dust emission on annual $PM_{10}$ concentrations in Korea Peninsula for year 2008 was $5{\sim}10{\mu}g/m^3$, which were about 20% of observed annual $PM_{10}$ concentrations.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.903-909
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• 1999

Background: The current study was undertaken to investigate the results of a modification in the conventional Maze III Procedure devised by the authors. The aim of the technical modification was in improving the left atrial contractility. Material and Method: Between July 1997 and December 1998, 34 patients with chronic atrial fibrillation for more than 1 year duration underwent a modified Maze III procedure. The assessment of the left atrial function was made by various echocardiographic measurements and SA nodal recovery was evaluated by HRV Holter monitoring. Result: All 34 patients were in sinus rhythm. On echocardiography, right atrial contraction was detected in 32 patients(94.1%) and left atrial contraction in 33 patients(97.1%). The echocardiographic A wave at 1, 6, and 12 months or more were 50.5$\pm$31.5, 62.1$\pm$25.1, 66$\pm$20.6 cm/sec, respectively, and the E wave measurements at the same time points were 152$\pm$31.1, 134.4$\pm$35.2, 133$\pm$27.5 cm/sec. The corresponding A/E ratios were 0.32$\pm$0.13, 0.48$\pm$0.18, 0.5$\pm$0.15, showing a rising trend. Treadmill evaluation at 6 months showed a mean 82% increase in heart rate after excising, and the SDNN and SDANN upon HRV Holter at 1 and 3 months postoperatively were 65.3$\pm$28.1/87.8$\pm$27.2 ms, and 60.0$\pm$24.1/83.4$\pm$25.7 ms, respectively, showing a predoinant autonomic recovery in the parasympathetic system(PSDNN = 0.01, PSDANN =0.015). Conclusion: The results of our data suggest that the current modification in the conventional Maze III Procedure was efective in enhancing the postoperative left atrial contractility.