• 제목/요약/키워드: PM loss

검색결과 1,281건 처리시간 0.027초

비소세포 폐암에서 FHIT 유전자의 발현소실의 임상적의의 및 세포고사 및 세포분열주기에 미치는 영향 (Loss of FHIT Expression in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer; The Clinical Significance and Effects on Apoptosis and Cell Proliferation Cycle)

  • 김학렬;양세훈;정은택
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제54권6호
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    • pp.610-620
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    • 2003
  • 연구배경 : 폐암에서 가장 흔한 염색체 결손부위인 3p14.2 결손에 따른 FHIT 자체 기능 즉 암억제 기능의 소실이 폐암의 형성과정에 중요한 기능이 있으리라 생각된다. 흡연 여부, 병리조직학적, TNM 병기 진행에 따른 FHIT 소실여부를 확인하고, 또 흡연및 생존률과의 관계, FHIT의 기능 특히 암 세포의 세포고사, 세포분열에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 방 법 : 원발성 비소세포 폐암으로 근치적 절제술을 시행 받은 83례의 paraffin 보관 병리 조직을 절편하여 면역조직화학염색법으로 FHIT의 소실 여부를 확인한 후, 여러 임상적 인자들과의 관계를 파악하고, 유식세포 분석법에 의해, sub-G1 peak로서 세포고사의 정도를, S-phase fraction과 G1-phase fraction으로서 세포분열주기에 미치는 영향을 확인하였다. 결 과 : 전체 83례 중 36례(43%)에서 FHIT가 소실되었고, FHIT 소실율이 편평상피암 52%, 선암 22%; TNM I병기 30%, II병기 48%, III 병기 69%; 흡연경험자 54%, 비흡연자 22%로서, 선암보다는 편평상피암에서, TNM 병기가 진행할수록, 흡연의 경험이 있을수록 FHIT 소실율이 높았다. FHIT 소실군과 발현군의 중간 생존기간은 24개월, 25개월, 2년 생존율은 44%, 51%로서 FHIT 소실여부에 따른 생존율의 차이는 없었다. 세포고사율은 FHIT 소실군과 발현군에서 각각 50.72(${\pm}13.93$)%, 59.38(${\pm}14.33$)%로서 유의한 차이가 있었으며, FHIT 소실군과 발현군에서의 S-phase fraction은 각각 13.93(${\pm}7.35$)%, 15.65(${\pm}6.59$)% G1-phase fraction은 각각 51.50(${\pm}23.15$)%, 54.16(${\pm}20.25$)%로서 각 군간의 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결 론 : FHIT는 인체의 비소세포 폐암의 43%에서 소실되었고, 흡연의 경험이 있을수록, 선암보다는 편평상피암일수록, TNM 병기가 진행할수록 유의하게 FHIT 소실이 높았고, FHIT 소실여부에 따른 생존율의 차이는 없었다. FHIT 소실군에서 발현군보다 세포고사율이 유의하게 낮았으며, S 및 $G_1$ phase fraction의 차이는 없었다.

만성기관지염과 폐기종 환자에서 체중감소와 혈중 Leptin 및 TNF-α와의 관계에 대한 연구 (The Study for the Relationship of Weight Loss with Plasma Leptin and TNF-α Level in Patients with Chronic Bronchitis and Emphysema)

  • 백종해;박지영;박혜정;백석환;신경철;정진홍;이관호
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제54권2호
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    • pp.199-209
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    • 2003
  • 연구배경 : 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자의 체중감소는 질환의 자연경과로 조직의 산소소모량을 최소로 유지하기 위한 일종의 신체적응과정으로 이해하였다. 그러나 만성폐쇄성폐질환 환자의 체중감소가 에너지대사량 증가와 관계 있고, 체중감소가 심한 환자들은 폐기능의 감소정도와 상관없이 이환율과 사망률이 증가한다는 연구결과가 보고된 후, 영양학적인 부분에 대하여 관심을 가지게 되었다. 저자들은 만성폐쇄성폐질환자 중 만성기관지염 환자와 폐기종 환자의 폐기능과 체성분을 측정하여 혈중 leptin농도 및 $TNF-{\alpha}$ system 과의 관계를 비교하여, 체중감소와의 관계를 알아보았다. 방 법 : 미국흉부학회의 진단기준에 따라 1초간 노력성 호기량이 예측치의 80% 미만이고, 노력성 폐활량에 대한 1초간 노력성 호기량의 비 ($FEV_1$/FVC)가 70% 미만인 41명의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. Kco가 60미만인 경우를 폐기종으로, 80이상인 경우를 만성기관지염으로 분류하였으며, 체성분 분석, 및 혈중 leptin농도, 그리고 $TNF-{\alpha}$ system의 활성도를 측정하였다. 결 과 : 만성기관지염 환자 및 폐기종 환자의 혈중 leptin농도는 각각 $1378.1{\pm}428.3pg/ml/kg$, $947.0{\pm}441.0pg/ml/kg$로 만성기관지염 환자가 유의하게 높았으며, 이들 값을 체지방량으로 교정하였을 때도 $180.9{\pm}57.7pg/ml/kg$, $108.5{\pm}39.4pg/ml/kg$로 만성기관지염 환자가 유의하게 높았다 (p<0.05). 혈중 $TNF-{\alpha}$ system 은 $TNF-{\alpha}$, sTNF-R75는 양 군에서 차이가 없었으나, sTNF-R55는 폐기종 환자군에서 $920.4{\pm}116.4pg/ml$로 만성기관지염 환자보다 유의하게 높았다 (p<0.05). 혈중 leptin농도는 체지방량 및 체질량지수와 상관관계가 있었으며, sTNF-R55는 체지방량이나 체질량지수와 관계가 없었다. 또한 sTNF-R55의 활성도는 혈중 leptin농도와도 무관하였다. 결 론 : 만성기관지염에 비하여 체중감소가 심한 폐기종의 체중감소에는 혈중 leptin보다는 $TNF-{\alpha}$ system이 관계할 것으로 생각되며, $TNF-{\alpha}$ system은 혈중 leptin와는 무관하게 작용할 것으로 생각한다. 그러나 앞으로 이에 대하여 더 많은 환자를 대상으로 한 연구가 있어야 하겠으며, 만성폐쇄성폐질환자의 체중변화에 영향을 줄 수 있는 영양섭취, 운동량, 안정시 에너지소모량 및 다른 사이토카인 등과의 관계에 대한 연구도 이루어져야 할 것이다.

호남지역의 양축농가에 있어서 UR에 대처한 가축의 생산성 향상에 관한 연구 (Project to increase productivity of livestock in Honam area against UR)

  • 이주묵;권오덕;채준석;김명철;김흥섭;이성재;이후식;노수일;김길수
    • 대한수의학회지
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    • 제34권1호
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    • pp.195-212
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    • 1994
  • For the purpose to increase productivities of livestock the present investigations were undertaken in order to clarify the clinical and suclinical status of Korean native cattle, dairy cattle(holstein) and Korean native goat. Blood, feces and urine samples were collected from 247 Korean native cattle(222 adult and 25 calf), 224 dairy cattle(211 adult and 13 calf) and 142 Korean native goat rearing at Chonbuk area and analyzed for clinical, serum chemical, hematological and urinary findings. In addition, we were examined the infection rate of theileriosis, internal parasite and ring worm. The mean value for each component was calculated by statistical analysis using Excel computer program. From these investigations the following results were obtained. The mean values for RBC, PCV and etc in 433 adult cow(Korean native cattle and dairy cattle) were similar with other reports. But the mean values for MCHC of all species were lower than normal. Adult Korean native cattle and adult dairy cattle which showed hematologically normal levels were only 9.01% and 9.48%, respectively. Abnormally high values for PCV, RBC and Hb were recorded in 7.66% of adult Korean native cattle, 20% of korean native calf, 15.38% of dairy calf and 13.36% of Korean native goat. Adult Korean native cattle and adult dairy cattle which showed hematologically anemia were 4.95% and 19.43% respectively, but Korean native calf and dairy calf showed normal. Adult Korean native cattle, adult dairy cattle, Korean native calf and dairy calf which showed normal serum protein level 84.0%, 90.8%, 50% and 44.4%, respectively. In present investigations, 50% of Korean native calf and 55.6% of dairy calf were decreased serum protein values under range. These abnormally decreased serum protein values mean the shortage of antibody, and these have a possibility to occurs to pneumonia and diarrhea. From these results, the economical loss caused by pneumonia was calculated as 124,038,833 won in the KNC and 742,703,430 won in the dairy calf rearing in Chonbuk area. Calculated economical loss caused by enteritis was 56,658,690 won in Korean native cattle, 476,775,799 won in dairy calf, and the total loss amount of 533,434,488 won in Chonbuk area. Abnormally high values$(21.7{\pm}4.0mg/dl)$ for serum calcium were recorded 49.6% in dairy cattle. The mean values for serum total cholesterol were $170.8{\pm}99.8mg/dl$ in Korean native cattle, $196.0{\pm}40.6mg/dl$ in Korean native calf, $202.9{\pm}86.0mg/dl$ in adult dairy cattle and $289.4{\pm}97.5mg/dl$ in dairy calf. The infection rate of internal parsite were as follows; adult Korean native cattle: 21.2%, Korean native calf: 8.0%, adult dairy cattle: 67.8% and Korean native goat: 81.5%. The estimated economical loss caused by internal parasites infection were 1,120,855,837 won in Korean native calf, 4,994,959,405 won in adult Korean native cattle, 3,334,751,066 won in adult holstein, and the total loss amount to 9,450,566,308 won. The infection rate of theileriosis were 1.4% in Korean native cattle and 6.6% in dairy cattle. The presumed economical loss by T. sergenti infection were 154,408,482 won in Korean native cattle and 171,577,237 won in dairy cattle rearing at Chonbuk area. The infection rate of ringworm were 0.5% in Korean native cattle, 0.9% adult dairy cattle and 7.7% in dairy calf. The presumed economical loss by dermatomycophyte were 12,061,532 won in Korean native cattle, 16,895,403 won in dairy cattle, and the total estimated loss amount to 28,955,935 won a year in Chonbuk area.

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개선된 중성염 진해공정을 이용한 모의 방사성 금속폐기물의 제염 (Decontamination of simulated radioactive metal waste by modified electrolytic Process with neutral salt electrolytes)

  • 이지훈;육완이;양호연;하종현
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.95-100
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    • 2002
  • 원자력발전소에서 주로 발생되는 금속폐기물인 탄소강을 중성염전해질인 1.7M의 황산나트륨($Na_2SO_4$)과 질산나트륨($NaNO_3$)을 이용하여 기존전해제염과 개선된 전해제염공정의 비교실험을 수행하였다. 양극은 인코넬, 음극은 티타늄으로 하여 상온에서 1시간동안 반응시켜 금속폐기물 모재의 weight loss, 두께변화. 전해질 내 침전물농도, SEM을 이용하여 제염전후의 금속폐기물 표면의 형상을 분석하였다. 실험결과 개선된 전해제염 적용시 전해질 종류별 전류밀도 변화에 따른 실험에서는 전류밀도가 $0.1{\sim}0.6A/cm^2$으로 증가함에 따라 1.7M의 황산나트륨 적용시 금속폐기물 모재의 두께변화는 $0.48{\pm}0.005{\sim}67.7{\pm}0.02{\mu}m$, 1.7M의 질산나트륨 적용시에는 $0.06{\pm}0.005{\sim}17.7{\pm}0.05{\mu}m$로 나타나 같은 전류밀도에서 황산나트륨 적용시 금속폐기물 모재의 표면 제염효율이 더욱 높은 양상을 보였다. 또한 전류밀도 $0.3A/cm^2$ 및 1.7M의 황산나트륨의 조건에서 개선된 전해제염 적용 시 $9.8{\pm}0.01{\mu}m$의 금속폐기물 두께변화를 보여 기존전해제염 적용시인 $3.7{\pm}0.03{\mu}m$의 금속폐기물 두께변화보다 2배 이상의 표면 제염효과를 보였다.

저온스팀 열처리 방식에 따른 감자의 전처리 특성 (Pretreatment Characteristics of Potatoes by Soft Steam Treatment)

  • 최찬익
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제46권5호
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    • pp.660-664
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    • 2014
  • 본 연구는 최근 매우 우수한 가열 매체로 인정받고 있는 저온스팀(soft steam) 열처리 공정의 natural convection (NC) 방식과 forced convection-boiler (FC-b) 및 forced convection-fan (FC-f) 방식을 이용하여 처리온도(60, 70, $80^{\circ}C$) 및 시간(0-60분)에 따른 감자의 전처리 특성을 비교 평가하고자 하였다. 스팀처리 방식에 따른 가열실 내부의 온도변화와 감자 내 외부의 온도변화, 감자의 cook value, ascorbic aicd 및 수분의 함량과 중량감소율의 변화를 관찰한 결과, 모든 처리조건에서 FC-b 및 FC-f의 강제대류 방식에 비해 자연대류의 NC 방식이 이들 전처리 특성에 대해 우수한 결과를 나타냄을 확인할 수 있었다. 따라서, 본 연구의 결과들은 감자의 가공 및 전처리를 위해 현재 사용되고 있는 기존의 열처리 공정에 대한 대안으로써 NC 방식 스팀처리의 높은 효율성 및 산업적 적용에 대한 가능성을 제시하고 있다.

Permanent Magnet Eddy Current Analysis of SPM Synchronous Motors according to Magnet Shapes

  • Lee, Sun-Kwon;Kang, Gyu-Hong;Kim, Byoung-Woo;Hur, Jin
    • Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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    • 제3권4호
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    • pp.398-402
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    • 2014
  • This paper presents the comparison study of permanent magnet (PM) eddy current of concentrated winding type surface permanent magnet synchronous motor (SPMSM) with different rare-earth magnet shapes. The fractional slot winding having 10 poles and 12 slots is studied. The PM eddy current is analyzed to compare for each shape by 2 dimensional (2D) finite element analysis (FEA). The eddy current and their loss of particular position of PM as well as their distributions are displayed for each model. The effect of partly enlarged air-gap made by PM shape to PM eddy current is compared.

기능적 부하 후 "Short Implant" 주변의 골 흡수에 대한 방사선학적 연구 (Study on the radiographic evaluation of marginal bone loss around short-length implant after functional loading)

  • 박영주;남정훈;노경록;연병무;유우근;이정원;안장훈;강태인;박미희
    • 대한치과의사협회지
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    • 제48권8호
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    • pp.615-620
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: The short dental implant is considered as possible solution in the alveolar bone height deficient cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical availability of short implants by measuring the marginal bone loss of short length implants and comparing with that of conventional length implants. Materials and Methods: The groups were composed of patients who had received at least one implant. The samples of this study were selected from patients who with functional loading after prosthetic treatment for 1 year follow up period. The implants with a length of 5.7 mm and 6mm were considered short. (Bicon Dental implants, USA). The experiment group was composed of $4.5{\times}6mm$, $5{\times}6mm$, $6{\times}5.7mm$ implants (total 18 implants were placed in 14 patients, 8 on maxilla, 10 on mandible). The control group was composed of $4.5{\times}8mm$, $5{\times}8mm$, $4.5{\times}11mm$, $5{\times}11mm$. All implants were selected only by implants placed on molar area. We evaluated marginal bone loss in radiographic images at baseline (implant loading) and 3, 6, 12 months after loading. Additionally, crown-to-implant ratio was evaluated, and marginal bone loss according to crown-to-implant ratio after functional loading was analyzed. Results: The short implant group had a mean marginal bone level of $-0.52{\pm}0.69mm$; the 8mm group, $-0.22{\pm}0.82mm$; and the II mm group, $-0.10{\pm}1.09mm$ after I year of functional loading. But significant differences were not detected between three groups at every follow-up period. Crown-to-implant ratio in short implant group was $1.55{\pm}0.23$; 8mm group was $1.15{\pm}0.18$; and 11mm group was $0.92{\pm}0.15$. Additionally, significant differences between three groups were founded. (P<.0001) The greatest marginal bone loss after 1 year follow-up was founded at crown-to-implant ratio 1~1.49 range in short implant. Conclusion: The marginal bone loss of short implants was comparable to that of long implants. So, the short implants can be a clinically acceptable option.

Proposal of a New Process Capability Index Based on Dollar Loss by Defects

  • Park, Seung-Wook
    • International Journal of Quality Innovation
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.41-54
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    • 2008
  • The process capability indices have been widely used to measure process capability and performance. In this paper, we proposed a new process capability index which is based on an actual dollar loss by defects. The new index is similar to the Taguchi's loss function and fully incorporates the distribution of quality attribute in a process. The strength of the index is to apply itself to non-normal or asymmetric distributions. Numerical examples were presented to show superiority of the new index against $C_p$, $C_{pk}$, and $C_{pm}$ which are the most widely used process capability indices.

In situ cavity loss measurements of a mode-locked erbium-doped fiber ring laser by thed relaxation oscillation frequency method

  • Jhon, Young-Min;Kim, Bong-Kyu;Kim, Dong-Hwan;Kim, Myong-Wook;Kim, Sang-Kuk;Choi, Sang-Sam
    • Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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    • 제4권1호
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    • pp.11-13
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    • 2000
  • We experimentally measured the cold cavity loss of a mode-locked erbium-doped fiber ring laser in situ by using the relaxation oscillation frequency method. The relaxation oscillation frequency is measured for various pumping powers and the data is fitted by the least squares method with a theoretical curve of parameters including the cavity loss. We obtained a cavity loss of 15.3$\pm$0.5 dB which was found to agree with the results of direct transmission loss measurements.

Experimental Works and Power Loss Calculations of Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Machines

  • Choi, Jang-Young;Ko, Kyoung-Jin;Jang, Seok-Myeong
    • Journal of Magnetics
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    • 제16권1호
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    • pp.64-70
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    • 2011
  • Surface-mounted permanent magnet (PM) machines were examined experimentally and theoretically, through power loss measurements and calculations. Windage, friction and copper losses were calculated using simple analytical equations and finite element (FE) analyses. Stator core losses were calculated by determining core loss coefficients through curve-fitting and magnetic behavior analysis through non-linear FE calculations. Rotor eddy current losses were calculated using FE analyses that considered the time harmonics of phase current according to load. Core, windage and friction open-circuit losses and copper loss were determined experimentally to test the validity of the analyses.