• 한국작물학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.208-214
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• 1987

수도의 수당립수의 다소에 직접적으로 관여하는 수상형질의 유전양식을 추정하고자 래경, 영남조생, 농백, 유신, 농년조생의 5품종을 사용하여 half-diallel set를 만들고 경로분석과 2면교분석을 한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 수당입수와 수상구성요소( 1차지경수. 2차지경수. 1차지경당 착입수, 2차지경당 착입수, 총 3지경상 착입수,)의 6개 형질들 중 1 차 지경당 착입수를 제외한 전형질들이 상호간에 고도의 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 2. 수당입수에 대한 직ㆍ간접효과는 2차 지경수가 가장 컸고 다음이 1 차 지경수였다. 3. 비대립유전자작용이 관여되고 있을 때 우성정도는 2차지경당 청입수만이 부분우성으로 상가적작용이 컸 고 나머지 5개 형질들은 모두 우성효과가 큰 초우성이었다. 비대립인자작용이 소법되었을 경우는 수당입수, 2차지경수, 2차지경당 착입수는 부분우성으로 상가적 효과가 컸다. 4. 유효유전자수는 수당입수는 1개의 주동유전자와 polygene, 2차지경수에는 4개. 2차지경당 착립수에는 10개정도의 다수 gene들이 관여하였다. 5. 유전력은 대부분의 형질이 광의의 유전력은 높거나 중정도 이상이었다. 협의의 유전력은 수당립수, 2차지경수는 상당히 높았으나 기타 형질들에서는 낮았다. 6. 2차지경상 착립수의 SCA를 제외한 전형질들은 GCA와 SCA가 모두 고도로 유의하였고. 통일형인 내경. 유신과 자포니카형인 농백은 높은 정의 GCA를 나타내었으며, 통일형$\times$능백조합에서 SCA가 높게 추정되었다.

• 신재생에너지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2010

This paper analyzes the factors of renewable energy consumption in Korea, China and Japan. We consider renewable energy consumption per capita as dependent variable, GDP per capita, $CO_2$ emissions per capita and real oil prices as independent variables. To analyze this model, this paper uses three econometric methods such as OLS, fixed effect model and panel GLS, utilizing data from 1990 to 2006 in Korea, China and Japan. According to the results by OLS for each country, an increase in GDP per capita or $CO_2$ emissions per capita or oil prices leads to an increase in renewable energy consumption. According to the results by fixed effect model, an increase in GDP per capita or $CO_2$ emissions per capita leads to an increase in renewable energy consumption. And real oil prices do not have a significant impacts on this model. According to the results by panel GLS, an increase in real GDP per capita as a proxy of income leads to an increase renewable energy consumption. And both $CO_2$ emissions per capita and real oil prices do not correlated closely with renewable energy consumption. Thus oil is not substituted to renewable energy in Northeast asian countries.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.358-367
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• 2018

Most organisms have adapted to a circadian rhythm that follows a roughly 24-hour cycle, which is modulated by both internal (clock-related genes) and external (environment) factors. In such organisms, the central nervous system (CNS) is influenced by the circadian rhythm of individual cells. Furthermore, the period circadian clock 2 (Per2) gene is an important component of the circadian clock, which modulates the circadian rhythm. Per2 is mainly expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus as well as other brain areas, including the midbrain and forebrain. This indicates that Per2 may affect various neurobiological activities such as sleeping, depression, and addiction. In this review, we focus on the neurobiological functions of Per2, which could help to better understand its roles in the CNS.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.120-126
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• 2003

Four different rice varieties, Sindongjinbyeo, Dongjin #1, Saegyehwabyeo, and Iksan 467, were transplanted under three different nitrogen levels and two different seedling numbers per hill to obtain basic information on panicle traits under different cultural conditions and to propose the ideal panicle structure in Japonica rice. Sindongjinbyeo and Iksan 467 were characterized by more primary rachis branches (PRBs) per panicle and more grains on PRB than other cultivars. The two varieties also had fewer secondary rachis branches (SRBs) per PRB and fewer grains on SRB per PRB. These characteristics, consequently, resulted in higher ripened grain rate, contrary to that of Dongjin #1 and Saegyehwabyeo. In the correlation coefficient analysis, PRB number per panicle and grain number on PRB per panicle were positively correlated with ripened grain rate, while SRB number per panicle, number of grains on SRB per panicle, SRB number per PRB, number of grains on SRB per PRB and grain number per panicle were negatively correlated with ripened grain rate. Therefore, the number of grains on PRB per panicle, SRB number per PRB and the number of grains on SRB per PRB were the appropriate criteria for determining and achieving higher ripened grain rate in rice. High ripened grain rate over 90% was obtainable with over 12.5 PRBs per panicle and 63 grains on PRB per panicle, and with under 1.7 SRBs per PRB, 5 grains on SRB per PRB, 130 grains per panicle, and 14 panicles per hill. The study recommended that for over 90% high ripened grain rate, the critical limiting factors should be under 2 SRBs per PRB, 6 grains per PRB, and 130 grains per panicle, irrespective of the PRB number per panicle and the number of grains on PRB.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.57-63
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• 1979

본 시험은 수도 만식재배에 있어 m^2당 재식밀도나 주상묘수를 달리 하였을때 수량구성 요소 및 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명코져 실시하였든바 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 . 재식밀도의 증가와 주당묘수의 증가는 단위면적당 수수와 영화수를 증가시켜 수량의 증대를 가져왔다. 2 재식밀도의 증가, 주당묘수의 증가는 단위면적당 엽신장과 엽신의 건물중을 높여 영화수를 증가시켰다. 3. 재식밀도의 증가는 단위면적당 엽면적과 건물중을 높여 수량을 증대시키는 요인이 되고 있다. 4. 밀양2001의 만식기는 m^2당 재식밀도는 28~33주, 주당묘수는 6본식으로 하는 것이 유리할 것으로 본다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.261-268
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• 2003

근성점 운동을 하는 IQ Per의 극심 시각 관측을 2002년 11월과 12월에 걸쳐 4일간 VR파장 영역에서 수행하였다. 이 관측으로부터 4개의 새로운 극심시각을 결정하였다. 우리의 극심시각과 여러 문헌으로부터 수집 한 극심시각을 이용하여 IQ Per의 근성점 운동을 분석하였다. 우리가 구한 항성 주기 $P_{s}$와 근성점 운동 주기 U는 Degirmenci(1997)의 것보다 약 0.035초와 0.2년 약간 길게 각각 계산되었다. 이 논문에서 새로 구한 IQ Per의 근성점 운동 변수들은 Degirmenci(1997)가 결정한 변수들과 거의 일치하고 있다. 우리의 결과는 그가 관측으로 구한 IQ Per의 내부 밀도 상수 $k_{2obs}$ = 0.0038와 약5% 이내에서 관측치와 이론치가 일치한다는 그의 결론을 지지한다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.300-307
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• 2015

잡곡의 안정적 생산체제 마련을 위한 답전윤환 최적 모델개발의 일환으로 답전윤환에 있어서 논으로부터 밭1년과 밭2년차 재배에 있어 조, 수수, 기장과 벼연속구와 논-밭-논 윤환구의 벼의 생육 및 수량특성을 조사 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 조의 4품종 평균 출수소요일은 밭1년차에는 76.3일 소요되었으나, 밭2년차는 평균 70.5일 소요되어 약 6일정도 출수소요일이 짧았다. 포기당 이삭수는 밭1년차가 평균 2.2이삭이었으나, 밭2년차는 평균 3.3이삭으로 포기당 1이삭이 증가하였다. 10a 당 수량은 밭1년차가 179 kg이었으나, 밭2년차는 220.3 kg을 나타내 약 23% 증수하였다. 2. 기장 4품종의 평균 출수소요일 67일 소요되었으나, 밭2년차 기장은 평균 64.8일 소요되어 밭1년차에 비해 밭2년차가 약 2일 일찍 출수하였다. 포기당 이삭수는 밭1년차에서 4.2이삭이었던 반면 밭2년차에서는 평균 8.3이삭으로 약 4이삭이 증가하였다. 10a 당 평균수량은 밭1년차는 130.8 kg이었으나, 밭2년차는 152.8 kg으로 16.8% 증수하였다.3. 수수의 경우 5품종 평균 출수소요일은 밭1년차 68.6일 소요되었으며 밭2년차는 평균 67.4일 소요되어 큰 차이가 없었다. 수당립수는 밭1년차는 2,619.6립 이었으며, 밭2년차는 평균 2,931.6립으로 약 12% 증가하였다. 10a 당 평균 수량은 밭1년차는 231.7 kg으나, 밭2년차 평균수량은 242.3 kg으로 4.6% 증수하였다. 4. 벼연속구와 논-밭-논 윤환구에서의 벼의 생육 및 수량 특성을 보면 출수기는 차이가 없었다. 간장은 논연속구 75.6 cm에 비해서 논-밭-논 윤환구가 82.9 cm로 7.3 cm 컷으며, 수장도 논연속구에 비해 논-밭-논 윤환구가 1 cm 컷다. 포기당 이삭수는 논연속구가 20.7이삭, 논-밭-논 윤환구는 25.0이삭으로 논연속 윤환구에 비해 윤환구가 4.3 이삭 많았다. 10a당 수량은 논연속구가 479.9 kg, 논-밭-논 윤환구는 526.8 kg으로 연속구에 비해 윤환구가 9.8% 높았다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 1976

This study was conducted for the purpose of obtaining basic information on the patterns of medical care expenditures, and identifying some determinants of medical care expenditures in the rural Korea. Nine guns were chosen from the eight provinces, excluding Cheju island. One gun in each province and two villages were selected from the each myon or ub within the selected guns. The total number of households was 1,789 and the sample size was 9,826 non-institutionalized people. Followings are the major findings of the study : 1) Medical care expenditures increase proportionally with age in terms of cost per patient, per episode of illness, per treated case, and per person. Averagely, it cost 2,756 won per patient, 2,614 won per spell of illness, 4,361 won per treated case, and 413 won per person. 2) Medical care expenditures increase proportionally with educational level of patients. College graduates spent the most, 4,726 won per patient, 5,987 won per treated case, and 670 won per person. 3) The male spent a little more than the female in terms of per patient, per episode, and per person. For example, a male spent 23 won more than a female. 4) Those who were suffering from illnesses longer than 1 year spent three times more than that had illnesses of less than 1 year duration. 5) The simple correlation coefficient between activity restriction and medical care expenditures was the highest among others, 0.491. The next was 0.294 between duration of illness and medical care expenditures. 6) Attempts are made to identify the explanatory variables in medical care expenditures. Thirty one per cent of the variances in tile expenditures can be accounted for by the selected 15 predictors. Those predictors belonged to clinical renditions, such as activity restriction, duration of illness, and nature of conditions, are proved to be the most potent independent variabes. Level of education and monthly family income are also significant in terms of beta coefficient. Further studies are called for to unreveal the determinants of medical expenditures.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.9-23
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• 1968

A survey was conducted by the staff of the College of Medicine and School of Public Health, Seoul National University in cooperation with Seoul Special City from 1 December 1967 through 28 February 1968, on such events as delivery, death, abortion and pregnancy. The survey directed to a total population of 47,811 residing in 9,157 households led us to the following findings: 1. Two year averages of crude birth rate, crude death rate and natural increase rate were 30.1, 5.6 and 24.5, respectively. 2. Of all deliveries, home and hospital deliveries constituted 61.1 per cent and 35.5 per cent, respectively. 3. Deliveries other than hospital deliveries were found to be attended more often by mother-in-laws (26.5 per cent) than by doctors or midwives(23.4 per cent). 4. About 51 per cent of all women having experiences in pregnancy during the last two years had an experience of consulting a doctor at least one time throughout whole period of pregnancy. 5. In most cases scissors were used to cut umbilical cords, of which 71.0 per cent were not sterilized and only 20.3 per cent sterilized. 6. In many cases placenta was incinerated(48.2 per cent) and on many other occasions it was thrown away into water(28.3 per cent). 7. Cement bags(37.4 per cent), gauze and absorbent cotton(29.8 per cent) were found to be most frequently used to receive new-born babies. 8. In 1966 8. 8 per cent of the women had at least one abortion induced and in 1967 the percentage was 9.2 per cent. 9. Nearly all(95.8 per cent) of the induced abortions reportedly were done at doctor's clinics. 10. Of all the abortions induced 65.3 per cent were done by specialists in obstetrics, 30.3 per cent by general practitioners and 2.7 per cent by midwives. 11. Those who experienced spontaneous abortions were 1.9 per cent of all women both in 1966 and 1967. 12. About 9.2 per cent of women investigated were found to be currently pregnant. 13. Age specific death rate turned out to be highest among those under 1 year of age. 14. Ten major causes of death in their order of frequency were: 15. Places of death can be classified into homes(75.3 per cent) and hospitals(13.2 per cent). 16. Method of disposing of corpses comprised burials(54.2 per cent) and cremations(44.6 per cent). 17. Infant, neonatal and hebdomadal mortality rates have been computed at 32.2, 18.9 and 13.7, respectively. 18. Infants were found to have died either at homes(81.5 per cent) or at hospitals(18.5 per cent). 19. Birth registrations had been done for about 18.5 per cent of the dead infants.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.308-314
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• 2011

It has been shown that circadian genes not only play an important role on circadian rhythms, but also participate in other physiological and pathological activities, such as drug dependence, cancer development and radiation injury. The Per2, an indispensable component of the circadian clock, not only modulates circadian oscillations, but also regulates organic function. In the present study, we applied mPER2-upregulated NIH3T3 cells to reveal the relationship of mPer2 and the cells damaged by ultraviolet C (UVC). NIH3T3 cells at the peak of the expression of mPer2 induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) demonstrated little damage by UVC evaluated by MTT assay, cell growth curves and cell colony-forming assay, compared with that at the nadir of the expression of mPer2. Overexpression of mPER2, accompanied p53 upregulated, also demonstrated protective effect on NIH3T3 cells damaged by UVC. These results suggest that mPer2 plays a protective effect on cells damaged by UVC, whose mechanism may be involved in upregulated p53.