• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 1998

Experiments were carried out to find out the optimum water potential, temperature, and duration for the priming of rice seeds, Oryza sativa L. (cv. Ilpumbyeo) for better germination at sub-optimal temperatures. Seeds were primed in 0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, and -1.0 MPa PEG (polyethylene glycol) solutions at $25^{\circ}C$. The optimum water potential for seed priming, the highest water potential at which rice seeds did not germinate, was -0.6 MPa. To find out optimum priming temperature and duration rice seeds were primed in -0.6 MPa PEG solution and 0 MPa (water as a control) for various durations at 15 and $25^{\circ}C$ and the seeds were germinated at 17, 20, and $25^{\circ}C$. Considering germination rate and speed, the optimum priming time in water (0 MPa) was 4 days at 15$^{\circ}C$ and 1 day at $25^{\circ}C$, while 4 days was the optimum priming time in a -0.6 MPa PEG solution, regardless of the priming temperature. Priming reduced the actual time of germination, especially at sub-optimal temperatures. Priming did not affect germination rate in -0.6 MPa PEG solution at 15$^{\circ}C$, but overpriming reduced the final germination rate in water at 15$^{\circ}C$ and in -0.6 PEG solution at $25^{\circ}C$. Total sugars and $\alpha$-amylase activity induced during the seed priming were negatively correlated with the final germination rate and there was no noted relationship with the speed or uniformity of germination.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
• /
• 제29권3호
• /
• pp.365-369
• /
• 2012

본 연구에서 L-menthol 용액의 가용화에 미치는 에탄올의 영향을 연구하였다. L-menthol 용액은 1 mM L-menthol 수용액에 비이온 계면활성제인 PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil과 PEG-60 Hydrogenated Castor Oil을 가한 후, 에탄올의 농도를 변화시키면서 첨가하여 제조하였다. 제조한 용액의 입자크기와 표면장력을 측정하여 가용화에 미치는 에탄올의 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 에탄올의 함량이 증가할수록 입자크기와 표면장력이 감소하는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국표면공학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2011

The effect of organic additives, polyethylene glycol (PEG), on the trivalent chromium electroplating was analysed in the view point of current efficiency, solution stability and metallurgical structure. It was measured that PEG-containing trivalent chromium solution had about 10% higher current efficiency than pure solution and controlled the micro-crack density of electrodeposits. PEG exhibited profound effect on the solution stability by reducing the consumption rate of formic acid which acts as a complexant to lower the activation energy required for electrochemical reduction of trivalent chromium ions. It was also revealed that the formation of chromium carbide layer was facilitated in the presence of polyethylene glycol, which meant easier electrochemical codeposition of chromium and carbon, not single chromium deposition. Trivalent chromium layer formed from PEG-containing solution was amorphous with local nano-crystalline particles, which were prominently developed on the entire surface after non-oxidative heat treatment.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 하계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.270-273
• /
• 2000

For the well-preparation of the superconducting wire by electrophoresis, the control of the cracking on the YBCO, BSCCO superconductor deposited on Ag wire in acetone and buthanol solution with PEG(poly-ethylenglycol) was investigated with XRD and SEM analysis. After deposition, drying and heat treatment process, the cracks on the deposited surface of YBCO and BSCCO samples was clearly removed and decreased, which was perpared in suspension with addition of PEG from 1 to 3ml. However, in the case of the addition rate of PEG in acetone suspension was exceeded in 3ml, BSCCO superconductor deposited on Ag wire was slightly melted at 90$0^{\circ}C$ which was the same heat treatment condition of other samples with different additin rate of PEG. In the process of electrophoretic deposition, drying and heat treatment, PEG added into the suspension solution as a binder was very useful to prepare the crack-free thick film-wire of YBCO and BSCCO.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.197-202
• /
• 1990

한쪽 말단에 히드록시 혹은 양말단에 아미노기를 갖는 폴리에틸렌글리콜(PEG)을 이용한 에스테르 교환 혹은 아미노 치환반응을 행하여 (PEG) grafted poly γ-benzyl L-glutamate (PBLG)를 합성했다. 이들의 점도 특성은 진한 용액내에서는 농도 감소에 따라 점도가 감소하다가 어느 이상 묽어지게 되면, 농도 감소에 따라 점도는 다시 증가했다. PEG를 함유하는 폴리펩티드 중합체의 젖음성은 동종 중합체보다도 향상 됐고, 이들 중합체 필름을 아미노에탄올과 표면반응시킨 결과, 물의 접촉각이 대폭적으로 작아져 표면에 수화겔이 형성됨을 알 수 있었다.

• 접착 및 계면
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.9-14
• /
• 2007

본 연구에서는 poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), isophoron diisocyanate (IPDI), 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)propane (THMP) 등을 사용하여 polyurethane microgel을 합성하였다. Microgel이 형성될 수 있는 조건들을 측정하였으며, 전자현미경 (SEM), 입자크기 측정기 등을 이용하여 형성된 microgel의 형태 및 물성들을 알아보았다. 사용한 PEG의 양이 THMP에 비해 비교적 많을 때에만 microgel이 형성되었으며, 따라서 PEG가 microgel의 형성에 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. Microgel의 형성 과정 중에 측정한 microgel 용액의 점도는 microgel의 형성과 더불어 감소하였다. 사용한 PEG의 분자량은 2,000, 6,000, 10,000이었는데 분자량이 6,000인 것을 사용하였을 때, microgel이 가장 잘 얻어졌다. 형성된 microgel의 크기를 입자크기 측정기로 측정하였더니 130~230 nm 정도였다.

• 임산에너지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.41-45
• /
• 2001

본 연구는 목재에 폴리에틸렌글리콜(PEG)을 주입하였을 때 얻어지는 치수안정화 효과를 구명 하고자 수행하였다. 실험에 사용된 수종은 일본잎갈나무(낙엽송, Larix kaempferi)이었고, 분자량이 각각 1000, 1500, 4000, 6000인 PEG를 각각 30%, 40%, 50% 수용액으로 하여 함침 처리에 사용하였다. 치수안정성은 항팽윤율을 측정하여 평가하였다. PEG 주입에 따른 중량중가율은 PEG 처리 농도 40%가 가장 높은 값을 보였고, PEG 분자량 1500 처리가 가장 높은 값을 나타냈다. 또한, 평균 분자량 1500이상이 되면, 분자량이 커질수록 중량증가율은 감소하는 경향을 보였다. PEG 처리재의 항팽윤율(ASE)은 PEG #1000 또는 PEG #1500 처리시 접선, 방사방향 모두 가장 높은 값을 나타냈으며, PEG 분자량이 증가하면, ASE 값이 감소하는 경향을 보였다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.263-266
• /
• 1999

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. ‘KF109’) seeds were primed in polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000) solutions to determine a) what osmotic potential of the solution would be optimal for priming, i.e., critical potential level for preventing germination, and b) what temperature and duration would be the most effective in priming. The germination was completely prevented below -0.8 MPa of PEG 6000, that indicates a optimum water potential for seed priming. Seeds were primed for 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 10 and 15 days at 15, 20 and $25^{\circ}C$, respectively, under the-0.8 MPa PEG 6000 solution to find out the most effective temperature and duration for priming. The effectiveness of priming, particularly in germination speed, was observed more distinctly when the primed seeds were germinated at 15$^{\circ}C$ than 2 5$^{\circ}C$. The greatest reduction of the time to 50% germination (T/sob 50/) was when the seeds were primed at $25^{\circ}C$. The reduction rate of the $T_{50}$ was rapid when primed from 1 day to 8 days and then slowed down in the seeds primed for longer than 8 days. The time from 10 to 90% germination ( $T_{10-90}$ increased in the primed seeds for longer than 8 days which showed the reversed effect of synchronous germination. However, $T_{50}$ was reduced continuously in the seeds even primed over 8 days. Thus, the optimum condition for tobacco seeds priming with PEG 6000 solution was -0.8 MPa in osmotic potential of the solution at $25^{\circ}C$ for 8 days.ays.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.244-251
• /
• 2017

Purpose: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of combined oral and enema therapy using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350 with electrolyte solution for disimpaction in hospitalized children. Methods: We retrospectively studied 28 children having functional constipation who received inpatient treatment between 2008 and 2016. The amount of oral PEG 3350 electrolyte solution administered was 50-70 mL/kg/d (PEG 3350, 3-4.1 g/kg/d), and an enema solution was administered 1-2 times a day as a single dose of 15-25 mL/kg (PEG 3350, 0.975-1.625 g/kg/d). A colon transit time (CTT) test based on the Metcalf protocol was performed in some patients. Results: Administration of oral and enema doses of PEG 3350 electrolyte solution showed $2.1{\pm}0.3$ times and $2.9{\pm}0.4$ times, respectively. After disimpaction, the frequency of defecation increased from $2.2{\pm}0.3$ per week to once a day ($1.1{\pm}0.1$ per day). The number of patients who complained of abdominal pain was reduced from 15 (53.6%) to 4 (14.3%). Before hospitalization, nine patients underwent a CTT test, and 5 of 9 patients (55.6%) were classified as belonging to a group showing abnormalities. And in some patients, mild adverse effects were noted. We examined electrolytes and osmolality before and after disimpaction in 16 of 28 patients, and no abnormalities were noted. Conclusion: In terms of therapeutic efficacy and safety, combined oral and enema therapy using high-dose PEG 3350 with electrolytes is considered superior to conventional oral monotherapy or combined oral and enema therapy on an outpatient basis.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.503-506
• /
• 2000

YBCO superconducting thick films were prepared on Ag wire by electrophoresis in acetone and ethanol with chemically modified suspension. The addition of organic compounds, such as PEG, EG into suspension solution for improving critical current density was investigated. Surface state, deposition condition, pore distribution and cracks were investigated by using SEM photographs. Controlling preparation conditions were studied for reducing these defects. As a results, in acetone solution, the surface crack of samples was decreased with increasing PEG. On the contrary, the surface crack of sample was increasing with increasing the amount of EG. In ethanol solution without I$_2$, which was generally used for an electrolyte, the deposition time was longer than this of acetone. For that reason the sample deposition in ethanol time was needed with enough stirring time for suspending YBCO powder and deposition time.