• 한국연소학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.39-51
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• 1997

A review of probability density function(PDF) methodology and direct numerical simulation for the purpose of modeling turbulent combustion are presented in this study where particular attention is focused on the modeling problem of turbulent molecular mixing term appearing in PDF transport equation. Existing mixing models results were compared to those evaluated by direct numerical simulation in a turbulent premixed medium with finite rate chemistry in which the initial scalar field is composed of pockets of partially burnt gases to simulate autoignition. Two traditional mixing models, the least mean square estimations(LMSE) and Curl#s model are examined to see their prediction capability as well as their modeling approach. Test calculations report that the stochastically based Curl#s approach, though qualitatively demonstrates some unphysical behaviors, predicts scalar evolutions which are found to be in good agreement with statistical data of direct numerical simulation.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2010

The Direct Quadrature Method of Moments (DQMOM) has been presented for the solution of population balance equation in the wide range of the multi-phase flows. This method has the inherently interesting features which can be easily applied to the multi-inner variable equation. In addition, DQMOM is capable of easily coupling the gas phase with the discrete phases while it requires the relatively low computational cost. Soot inception, subsequent aggregation, surface growth and oxidation are described through a population balance model solved with the DQMOM for soot formation. This approach is also able to represent the evolution of the soot particle size distribution. The turbulence-chemistry interaction is represented by the laminar flamelet model together with the presumed PDF approach and the spherical harmonic P-1 approximation is adopted to account for the radiative heat transfer.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 6th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.166-168
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• 2015

Line of Balance (LOB) method is suitable to schedule construction projects composed of repetitive activities. Since existing LOB based repetitive project scheduling methods are deterministic, they do not lend themselves to handle uncertainties involved in repetitive construction process. Indeed, existing LOB scheduling dose not handle variability of project performance indicators. In order to bridge the gap between reality and estimation, this study provides a stochastic LOB based scheduling method that allows schedulers for effectively dealing with the uncertainties of a construction project performance. The proposed method retrieves an appropriate probability distribution function (PDF) concerning project completion times, and determines favorable start times of activities. A case study is demonstrated to verify and validate the capability of the proposed method in a repetitive construction project planning.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.1479-1489
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• 2004

The effect of fluctuation of Equivalence Ratio (ER) in a turbulent reactive field has been studied in order to check the global combustion characteristics induced by the local fluctuation. When the flow is premixed on a large scale, closer examination on a small scale reveals that local fluctuations of ER exist in an imperfectly premixed mixture, and that these fluctuations must be considered to correctly estimate the mean reaction rate. The fluctuation effect is analyzed with DNS by considering the joint PDF of reactive scalar and ER, followed by modeling study where an extension of stochastic mixing models accounting for the ER fluctuation is reviewed and tested. It was found that models prediction capability as well as its potential is in favor to this case accounting the local ER fluctuation. However, the effect of local fluctuation did not show any notable changes on the mean global characteristics of combustion when statistical independence between the reactive scalar and ER field is imposed, though it greatly influenced the joint PDF distribution. The importance of taking into account the statistical dependency between ER and combustible at the initial phase is demonstrated by testing the modeled reaction rate.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2007

This paper proposes a numerical modeling approach to simulate the hybrid combustion phenomena. From the physical understandings of hybrid combustion, the computational domain was separated into three regions: the solid fuel, gas phase reactive flow, and the interface between solid and fluid. Moreover, for the accurate calculation, computational grids for these regions was generated at every time step considering the instantaneous moving interface which are governed by the balance equations using thermal pyrolysis. In the domain of reactive flow, by virtue of diffusion flame structure, turbulent combustion modeling was introduced using either mixture fraction approach or mean reaction rate approach.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2009

블라인드 등화기법은 무선 통신 시스템에 널리 쓰이고 있는 기술이다. 이 논문에서는, 블라인드 등화를 위한 기준으로서, 두 확률밀도함수의 유클리드 거리를 최소화하는 기준에서 나타나는 정보 포텐셜에 대해 연구하였고 두 정보 포텐셜 사이의 적절한 균형을 활용한 방법의 BER 성능을 평가하였다. 정보 포텐셜에는 두 가지가 있는데 송신 심볼의 확률밀도함수와 맞도록 수신단에서 무작위로 발생시킨 심볼과 등화기 출력 샘플 사이에서 두 입자간 위치에너지처럼 나타나는 정보 포텐셜과 출력 샘플간에 나타나는 정보 포텐셜로 표현된다. 이 두 포텐셜을 적절히 균형 잡아 줄 때, 큰 성능향상을 보이는데 그 성능지표로 BER 성능 평가가 가장 신뢰성이 있으므로 BER 성능 평가를 시행하였다. 그 시뮬레이션 결과에서 정보 포텐셜 균형 방식은 블라인드 등화 환경에서 탁월한 BER 성능을 나타내었다.