• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제9궈1호
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• pp.59-71
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• 1998

The effect of Samyonjihwangtang(SJT) on th level of brain antioxidants was examined in aged rat. Samyongjihwangtang(SJT) is assed Cervi Pantiri-chum Cornu, Ginseng Radix to Yukmijihwangtang. The experimental groups were divided into three groups and treated as follows ; normal group(NC), Vt.E administrated group(PC), SJT administrated Group(SJT). From the purified microsome of brain tissue, those were measures the amounts of oxidant materials like malonaldehyde(MDA) and H_2O_2, then activities of antioxidants enxymes like Superoxide dismutase, Catalase, NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase.The results were as follows;1. In TBA reaction to measure the amount of MDA, oxidant material of brain tissue of aged rat, both treated groups showed significant decrease.2. In the formation of Hydrogen peroxide, the treated group(SJT) showed a little decrease.3. The activity of Superoxide dismutase was increased significantly in both treated groups than normal group.4. the activity of Catalase was increased significantly in both treated groups than normal group. 5. The activity of NADPH-cytochrome P-450 reductase in the treated group(SJT) showed a little increase.According to the above results, it is suggested that Samyongjihwangtag(SJT) has some antioxidant effects on the tissue of brain.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제23권9호
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• pp.156-163
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to improve the machining of free-formed NURBS surfaces using newly defined G-codes which can directly deal with shapes defined from CAD/CAM programs on a surface basis and specialize in rough and finish cut. To this purpose, a NURBS surface interpolation system is proposed in this paper. The proposed interpolation system includes online tool-path planning, real-time interpolation and feedrate regulation considering an effective machining method and minimum machining time all suitable for unit NURBS surface machining. The corresponding algorithms are simultaneously executed in an online manner. The proposed NURBS surface interpolation system is integrated and implemented with a PC-based 3-axis CNC milling system. A graphic user interface (GUI) and a 3D tool-path viewer which interprets the G-codes for NURBS surfaces and displays whole tool-paths are also developed and included in our real-time control system. The proposed system is evaluated through actual machining in terms of size of NC data, machining time, regulation of feedrate and cutting force focused on finish cut in comparison with the existing method.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제46권5호
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• pp.545-551
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• 2017

울금은 간질환, 기관지염, 폐질환 및 심장질환에 효과적인 식물로 알려져 있으며, 항산화 및 세포보호에도 작용하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 이러한 울금을 아세톤, 에탄올, 메탄올 등으로 추출하여 울금에 함유된 총 폴리페놀 함량(TPC) 및 DPPH 라디칼 소거능, SOD 유사활성 등의 항산화력 그리고 comet assay를 이용한 DNA 손상억제 효능 및 회복능을 분석하고자 하였다. 그 결과 TPC는 울금의 메탄올 추출물($11.17{\pm}0.00g\;GAE/100g$), 아세톤 추출물($1.45{\pm}0.00g\;GAE/100g$), 에탄올 추출물($1.17{\pm}0.02g\;GAE/100g$)의 순으로 나타나 메탄올 추출물에 가장 많은 폴리페놀이 함유된 것으로 나타났다. 항산화력을 분석한 DPPH 라디칼 소거능 및 SOD 유사활성 분석 결과 역시 메탄올 추출물이 가장 강력한 활성을 보였으며, 그다음으로 에탄올, 아세톤 추출물의 순으로 나타났다. Comet assay를 이용한 DNA 손상 억제력을 분석한 결과 모든 추출물 처리구가 추출물을 처리하지 않은 positive control(PC)에 비해 유의적인 DNA 손상 억제력을 보였으며, $ED_{50}$값 분석 결과 메탄올 추출물이 $86.7{\mu}g/mL$, 아세톤 추출물이 $110.0{\mu}g/mL$, 에탄올 추출물이 $115.8{\mu}g/mL$의 순으로 나타나 메탄올 추출물의 활성이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다. 울금 추출물 처리 4, 8, 12시간 후의 DNA 손상 회복력을 분석한 결과, negative control(NC)의 경우 시간 경과에 따른 회복 능력 변화가 크지 않았으나 추출물 처리구에서는 1시간 후 증가한 DNA 손상이 시간 의존적으로 회복되는 것을 확인하였으며, 특히 12시간 후의 회복 수준은 NC와 동일한 수준임을 확인할 수 있었다. 추출물을 처리하지 않은 NC에 대한 추출물 처리구의 DNA repair half time을 분석한 결과, PC가 9.5시간으로 가장 오랜 시간이 걸린 데 반해 메탄올 추출물이 6.6시간, 아세톤 추출물이 7.1시간, 에탄올 추출물이 7.6시간으로 메탄올 추출물이 DNA 손상 회복에 가장 짧은 시간이 소요되는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해 아세톤, 에탄올, 메탄올 등의 용매를 이용한 울금 추출물의 항산화 활성, DNA 손상 억제 및 회복활성을 확인하였다. 추출용매에 따른 활성비교에서는 메탄올 추출물에서 가장 높은 활성이 나타났으므로 메탄올이 울금의 폴리페놀을 비롯한 항산화물 추출에 가장 효율적인 용매라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 그러나 본 연구에서는 항산화력을 가진 대표물질인 폴리페놀 성분만을 분석하여 폴리페놀 중 어떤 성분이 항산화력에 영향을 보인 것인지 알 수 없으므로, 차후 연구에서는 용매별 항산화물 성분 분석을 통해 항산화력 및 항유전독성 효과에 기인하는 물질이 무엇인지 근거가 뒷받침되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.684-691
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• 2008

As part of studies to develop new materials to lower blood glucose levels using crude polysaccharide, this study was attempted to analyze the characteristics of crude polysaccharide obtained from the extracts of a mixed herbal medium(OCM) where Trichloloma matsutake mycelium and Cordyceps militaris mycelium were cultured together and to look into the influence of administering these by concentration upon the blood glucose and serum lipid levels of rats with diabetes which was induced by STZ(Streptozotosin). Experimental group was divided into 6 groups: first, it was divided into normal control group(NC group) and diabetes-induced group, and diabetes-induced group was subdivided into diabetic control group(DC group), acarbose-treated group(PC group), 100 mg/kg/body weight-treated by crude polysaccharide of OCM(UE) group(UE100 group), 200 mg/kg/body weight-treated group(UE200 group), and 300 mg/kg/body weight-treated group(UE300 group). In diabetic-induced groups, after streptozotocin was melted in 0.01M citrate buffer at 50 mg/kg/body weight, when the non-fasting blood glucose level not on an empty stomach was 300 mg/dl or more in blood collected from the tail vein, it was regarded as diabetic induction and then such diabetic-induced experimental animals were used in this experiment. The yield of crude polysaccharide obtained from OCM was found to be 0.31% and the ${\beta}$-glucan content 39.40%. As a result of analyzing NO on immune function, which is known as major physiological activity of crude polysaccharide, high NO viability was shown; when 1 mg/ml LPS was treated at 1 ug/ml, it was found to be 50.77 uM, and when LPS was treated at 10 ug/m, it was found to be 53.78 uM. Also, regarding cancer cells, cell count was decreased by about 26% in proportion to sample concentration, while for normal cells, it was a little decreased in proportion to concentration, however, cell count was maintained in the range of $81.92{\sim}98.16%$ at all concentrations. In case of blood glucose level, it was decreased in all extract-treated groups compared to DC group and in the cases of ALT and AST, they were found to be lower in extract-treated groups compared to PC group and for serum lipid, it was found to be lower in UE100 group compared to PC group. Thus this study tried to utilize these results as fundamental data for development of preventive and therapeutic agents against diabetes as well as functional foods using the crude polysaccharide of mushrooms.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.87-95
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• 2022

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of associating calcium butyrate with tannin extract, compared to an antimicrobial on the growth performance, incidence of diarrhea, intestinal histology, immune-expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in piglets. Methods: Seventy-two piglets (36 barrows and 36 gilts) weaned at 28±2 d and initial body weight of 7.17±1.07 kg were allocated to 3 treatments in a randomized complete block design with 8 replicates per treatment and 3 animals per experimental unit. Treatments were composed of NC, negative control: basal diet without additives; PC, positive control: basal diet + 40 mg/kg of colistin sulfate; or BT, basal diet + calcium butyrate + tannin extract. The butyrate and tannin inclusion levels were 0.15% in the pre-starter phase and 0.075% in the starter phase. Incidence of diarrhea was monitored daily, and on d 14 and 35 of experiment, 1 animal from each experimental unit was slaughtered to collect intestinal samples. Results: No significant differences were observed for growth performance. The butyrate-and tannin-based additive resulted in reduced (p<0.05) incidence of diarrhea in piglets during d 1 to 14 and d 1 to 35 in comparison with the other treatments. Piglets that consumed the diet containing the calcium-butyrate and tannin showed a lower (p<0.05) crypt depth in the duodenum than those receiving the NC treatment at 14 d of experimentation. The BT treatment provided a lower (p<0.05) immune-expression of COX-2 at 14 d and TNF-α at 35 d in the duodenum. Conclusion: Association between calcium butyrate and tannin extract resulted in a significant decrease in the incidence of diarrhea and inflammatory process in the duodenum of piglets. Therefore, calcium-butyrate combined with tannin could be a part of an alternative program to reduce the use of antimicrobials in the diet of weaned piglets.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.1087-1094
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was investigated hypoglycemic effects of fermented red ginseng extracts. We prepared non-fermented red ginseng extracts(R), fermented with Lactobacillus plantarum(RL) extracts, Saccharomycescerevisiae(RS) extracts, and L. plantarum mixed S. cerevisiae(RLS) extracts, examined composition of ginsenosides, SOD-like activity, and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Ginsenoside Re was highest contents in all extracts, second was ginsenoside Rc and then ginsenoside Rb1. Concentration of these ginsenoside was showed higher in RS than in other extracts. SOD-like activity and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity were shown higher in fermented red ginseng extracts than non fermented extracts. And activities of mixed fermentation extracts(RLS) higher than single fermentation extracts(RL, RS). Effects of blood glucose level, serum lipid profile and metabolic variables were evaluated in streptozotocin(STZ) induced diabetic rat. Experimental group was divided into 7 groups: normal control group(hereafter NC group), diabetes control group(DC group), positive control group treated with 50 mg/kg body weight of acarbose(PC group), treated with 300 mg/kg body weight of R, RL, RS and RLS extracts groups, respectively. Blood glucose level of DC group was maintained high level in all experimental period, but treated with red ginseng extracts groups was reduced the glucose level by R group 18.00%, RL group 28.07%, RS group 29.03%, RLS group 42.42%, respectively. The concentration of total cholesterol and triglyceride of fermented red ginseng extracts treated groups (RL, RS, RLS) was lower than non- fermented extracts group(R) DC and PC groups. The activity of ALT, AST in RLS treated groups were lower than other groups.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.159-165
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• 2013

본 연구는 내측반월판 절제와 전십자인대 단열로 유발된 랫드 골관절염 모델을 이용하여 계피 (Cinnamomum cassia Blume, 육계(肉桂)) 추출물의 연골손상 방지에 대한 효과를 평가하였다. 골관절염유발 랫드 48마리를 군당 8마리씩 6군으로 음성 대조군과 골관절염 대조군, 체중당 diclofenac 2 mg 투여군, 계피 추출물 25 mg과 50 mg, 100 mg 투여군으로 각각 분류하여 수술 1주 후부터 12주동안 투여하였다. 연골 소실과 관절의 불안정성은 계피 추출물과 diclofenac 투여군이 골관절염 대조군과 비교할 때 유의하게 감소하였다(p < 0.05). 병리조직학적 평가에서 연골의 퇴행은 계피 추출물 투여량에 따라 용량 의존적으로 개선됨이 확인되었다(p < 0.01). 계피 추출물 투여군에서 관절구조 퇴행성 변화의 감소와 Safranin-O 염색 정도의 용량 의존적인 증가를 보여 연골 퇴행이 억제됨을 확인하였다. Diclofenac이 골관절염 진행에 있어 활성화된 caspase-3와 절단된 poly(ADP-ribose) 중합효소에 유도된 세포자멸사 표지율 증가에 별 다른 영향을 주지 않았지만 계피 추출물 투여군에서는 이들 세포자멸 표지자에 대한 반응세포는 유의하게 감소되었다(p < 0.05). 그러나, diclofenac과 계피 추출물 투여군은 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine의 섭취에는 영향을 주지 않았다. 이러한 결과에서 계피추출물이 항염활성과 항세포 자멸 활성을 통해 관절연골에 보호 효과가 있음을 보였다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.126-138
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• 2024

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different 3D dental resins, using a manufacturer recommended printer and a third-party printer, on cellular responses of human gingival cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three NextDent resins (Denture 3D+, C&B MFH and Crowntec) were used to produce specimens on printers NextDent 5100 (groups ND, NC and NT, respectively) and Phrozen Sonic Mini 4K (groups PD, PC and PT, respectively). Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured and biocompatibility was evaluated on days 1, 3 and 7. IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations were evaluated at 3 days using ELISA. Surface roughness was evaluated by a contact profilometer. SEM and fluorescence micrographs were analyzed at days 1 and 7. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS and mean differences were tested using ANOVA and post-hoc Tukey tests (P < .05). RESULTS. There was an increase in cellular viability after 7 days in groups PC and PT, when compared to group PD. ND group resulted in higher concentration of IL-6 when compared to PT group. SEM and fluorescence micrographs showed less adhesion and thinner morphology of fibroblasts from group PD. No significant differences were found regarding surface roughness. CONCLUSION. The use of different printers or resins did not seem to influence surface roughness. NextDent 5100 and Phrozen Sonic Mini 4K produced resins with similar cellular responses in human gingival fibroblasts. However, Denture 3D+ resin resulted in significantly lower biocompatibility, when compared to C&B MFH and Crowntec resins. Further testing is required to support its long-term use, required for complete dentures.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.522-528
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• 2000

A total of about 300 fungal isolates from forest havitats were screened for inhibitors of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection using its local lesion host, Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi nc. Ine of the isolates, 14T, showed a strong activity against TMV infection, and was identified as an Apiocrea sp. based on its morphological characterstics. Rice was an optimum culture medium for its fermentation, and two antiviral compounds, KGT 141 and KGT 142, were resolved from the rice culture through column chromatography, TLC, and HPLC. By NMR and FAB-MS, the two compounds were identified as chrysospermins B (KGT 141) and D (KGT 142), both of which are peptaibols with 19-mer amino acids possessing an acetylated N-terminus and a hydroxy-amino acid (tryptophanol) at the C-terminus. Both compounds showed inhibitory activities against TMV infection, but chrysospermin D showed the stronger activity than chrysospermin B. The former of $100{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$ and 54.7% at $10{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/ml$, respectively. Furthermore, the chrysospermins were highly cytotoxic toward cancer cell lines of PC-3 (prostrate) and K562 (leukemia), and inhibited growth of the Gram-positive bacteria tested, especially the plant pathogenic bacterium Corynebacterium lilium. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the inhibition of plant virus infection by antimicrobial peptaibols.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.418-428
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• 2017

In this study, the effects of pre-converted nitrite from Swiss chard powder (PS) on the color stability and shelf-life of cooked pork patties during refrigerated storage for 28 d were investigated. Nitrite was added at a concentration of approximately 120 ppm. Five treatments were formulated as follows: Control (120 ppm nitrite), T1 (2% PS), T2 (2% pre-converted nitrite from celery powder; PC), T3 (1% PS + 60 ppm nitrite), and NC (nitrite-free). The T1 and T3 samples had higher nitrosoheme pigment contents, which were associated with the redness of the samples (p<0.05). T1 resulted in the highest redness value (p<0.05). The redness and yellowness of the cooked pork patties increased with increasing PS levels. The pH of the samples subjected to all treatments decreased with progress of the storage period (p<0.05). The pH of the T1 and T3 samples treated with PS was lower (p<0.05) than that obtained with other treatments, as PS has a lower pH value. The treatments in which PS was added were most effective for reducing the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the residual nitrite content relative to the control. T1 resulted in the highest flavor, off-flavor, and overall acceptability scores during storage (p<0.05). The total viable bacterial count for all treatments was below 1 Log CFU/g, and E. coli and coliform bacteria were not detected during storage. Therefore, these results suggested that pre-converted nitrite from Swiss chard powder is a potential replacement for nitrite in meat products.