• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.280-285
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• 2008

ZigBee is Low Power and Low Data Rate Wireless Communication protocol. It apply to much Ubiquitous Sensor Network. ZigBee PAN is two type PAN. One is Beacon Enabled PAN, the other is Non Beacon Enabled PAN. To support Low Power in Non Beacon Enabled PAN, End-Device enter Active status at End-Device's wishing time and send a data. So, Router does not know End-Device sends a data time. To solving this problem, Router must always exist to Active status. In this case, Router receive a power supply always in Non Beacon Enabled PAN. But Router does not receive a power supply always, Router can not normal operation, such as Router use a battery. To solve this problem, Router will be support low power. In this paper, we will present Router's Low Power Algorithm. And we suggest 'PAN Time'. Device use 'PAN Time' for PAN synchronous. Router using Low Power Algorithm can be enter to inactive status. So Non Beacon Enabled PAN of Router support the low power mode Therefore Router does not receive a power supply always, Router can normal operation.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.93-97
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• 2010

Polyaniline doped with ionic liquid (1,3-dimethylimidazolium methylsulfate, I-DMS) soluble in polar solvents (NMP, DMSO, DMF, m-cresol etc.) were synthesized by nucleophilic addition. Solubilities of PAN/I-DMS powder in polar solvents were observed in the range of 3~6 wt%/vol., respectively. The electrical conductivities of PAN/I-DMS films appeared in the range of $10^{-2}{\sim}7S/cm$. Polyaniline doped with I-DMS (PAN/I-DMS) showed improved thermal stability and conductivity compared to that of HCl doped polyaniline (PAN/HCl) and dimethylsulfate (DMS) doped polyaniline (PAN/DMS) upon heat treatment at $160^{\circ}C$. These improved conductivity and solubility in organic polar solvents was explained with the interactions between the polar sulfonate group and polar solvents.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.487-490
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to research and develop conducting polymer(CP) composite electrode for supercapacitor. Electrochemical capacitor(supercapacitor) cell of CP composite electrode with 1M LiClO$_4$PC bring out good capacitor performance below 4V. The radius of semicircle of CP composite cell with PAn composite electrode adding l5wt%SP270(PAnS15) and PT composite electrode adding 50wt%SP270 (PTS50) was absolutely small. The total resistance of supercapacitor cell mainly depended on internal resistance of the electrode. The discharge capacitance of supercapacitor cell with PTS50(+)/PAnS15(-) in 1st and 20th cycles was 38F/g and 28F/g at current density of 1mA/cm$^2$. Supercapacitor cell with PTS50(+)/PAnS15(-) showed good capacitance and stability with cycling.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.7
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• pp.557-567
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• 2020

The six current models for estimating pan coefficient were applied to test the applicability of models in Seoul, South Korea. The models are Cuenca's model, Snyder's model, Pereira et al.'s model, Allen et al.'s model, Orang's model, and Raghuwanshi and Wallender's model. The estimated pan coefficients were compared with measured one. The measured pan coefficient was obtained by using measured pan evaporation and FAO Penman-Monteith reference evapotranspiration. Estimated evaporation by using estimated pan coefficients was compared with measured one. Furthermore, model for estimating pan coefficient in Seoul was developed. When applying 6 current models for 10 m, 15 m and 20 m fetch distances, pan coefficient estimates from Snyder's model were most similar to measured pan coefficients for all fetch distances. On the other hand, pan coefficient estimates from Pereira et al.'s model were most different from measured one. Therefore, model for estimating pan coefficient in Seoul was developed by modifying Snyder's model. When applying developed model, estimated monthly average evaporation was 92.1 mm for 10 m, 15 m and 20 m fetch distances and measured one was 91.9 mm, indicating that evaporation estimate from developed model is closest to measured one, compared with those of current models.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.898-902
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• 2008

Prepared are three types of composite supercapacitor electrode, such as electroactive polyaniline(PAN), PAN/multi-walled carbon nanotube(CNT), and $CNT/PAN/RuO_2$. Cyclic voltammetry was performed to investigate the supercapacitive properties of these electrodes in an electrolyte solution of 1.0M $H_2SO_4$. The $CNT/PAN/RuO_2$ electrode showed the highest specific capacitance at all scan rates(e.g., 441 and $392F\;g^{-1}$ at 100 and $1,000mV\;s^{-1}$, respectively). In cycle performance, however, the PAN/CNT electrode demonstrated the best capacitance retention (66%) at $10^4th$ cycle.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.540-543
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to research and develop solid polymer electrolyte(SPE) for Li polymer battery. The temperature dependence of conductivity, impedance spectroscopy and electrochemical properties of PAN/PVDF electrolytes as a function of a mixed ratio were reported for PAN/PVDF based polymer electrolyte films, which were prepared by thermal gellification method of preweighed PAN/PVDF, plasticizer and Li salt. The conductivity of PAN/PVDF electrolytes was $10^{-3}$S/cm. $PAN_{10}$$PVDF_{10}$$LiClO_4$$PC_{5}$$EC_{5}$ electrolyte has the better conductivity compared to others. The interfacial resistance behavior between the lithium electrode and PAN/PVDF based polymer electrolyte has also been investigated and compare with that between the lithium electrode and the PAN/PVDF based polymer electrolyte.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.1689-1695
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• 2010

Pantothenate kinase (PanK) catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of the essential and ubiquitous cofactor coenzyme A (CoA) in all organisms. Here, we report the identification, cloning, and characterization of panK-sp from Streptomyces peucetius ATCC 27952. The gene encoded a protein of 332 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 36.8 kDa and high homology with PanK from S. avermitilis and S. coelicolor A3(2). To elucidate the putative function of PanK-sp, it was cloned into pET32a(+) to construct pPKSP32, and the PanK-sp was then expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3) as a His-tag fusion protein and purified by immobilized metal affinity chromatography. The enzyme assay of PanK-sp was carried out as a coupling assay. The gradual decrease in NADH concentration with time clearly indicated the phosphorylating activity of PanK-sp. Furthermore, the ca. 1.4-fold increase of DXR and the ca. 1.5-fold increase of actinorhodin by in vivo overexpression of panK-sp, constructed in pIBR25 under the control of a strong $ermE^*$ promoter, established its positive role in secondary metabolite production from S. peucetius and S. coelicolor, respectively.

• Carbon letters
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.210-218
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• 2002

Electrostatic spinnings were performed with the solutions of PAN/DMF to be nanofiber webs. The diameter of the fibers ranged from 200 nm to 1000 nm depending on the PAN concentration and on the applied DC voltage. The nanofibers were oxidatively stabilized and subsequently carbonized up to $1000^{\circ}C$ with carbonization yield of 40%. The bulk electric conductivity of the carbonized web increased form $6.8{\times}10^{-3}S/cm$ to 1.96 S/cm while the carbonizaton temperature increased from $700^{\circ}C$ to $1000^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the Korean Radioactive Waste Society Conference
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• 2004.02a
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• pp.1-11
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• 2004

PAN-4A composite ion exchanger was more selective for Sr ion than other cations and PAN-KCoFC composite ion exchanger has much higher ion exchange capacity for Cs ion than other cations. The ion exchange capacities obtained from Dubinin-Polanyi equation were 3.93 meq/g for Sr ion and 1.50 meq/g for Cs ion using PAN-4A and PAN-KCoFC ion exchangers, respectively. The modified Dubinin-Polanyi model fit the experimental data accurately in multi-component system. The effective surface diffusivities $(D_{s, cff})$ for Sr and Cs ions of PAN-4A and PAN-KCoFC ion exchangers were slightly increased with the different particle sizes.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.194-199
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• 2000

The study on the adsorption, the surface properties and the antibacterial effects of the Ni-treated PAN based activated carbon fibers was carried out. In the adsorption study on the Ni-treated PAN based ACFs, Type I isotherms for N1-N3 and Type II-Type III isotherms for N4-N6 were obtained, respectively. Futhermore, their adsorbed volumes slowly were decreased with the increase in the mole concentration of Ni on the treated PAN based ACFs. From the BET equation, the specific surface areas of the Ni-treated PAN based ACFs were in the range of $692.58-895.24m^2/g$. The micropore volumes obtained from ${\alpha}_s$-method using common-t value were $0.19-0.56cm^3/g$. The surfaces of PAN based ACFs partially blocked by metal after the treatment were observed from the SEM micrographs. Finally, from the antibacterial effects using Shake flask method against E. coli, the percentage of the effects was 92.5-100% and the antibacterial effect was increased with the increase in mole concentration of Ni treated.