• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.121-125
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• 2019

Chronic exposure to atrazine (ATR) raises concerns about adverse effects on reproductive functions. We tested our previously validated filtering device, the OBP-based filter, onto a biological model constituted of cultured swine granulosa cells treated for 48 h with media conditioned with 0.1 or $10{\mu}M$ ATR evaluating cell viability and steroidogenesis. The tested atrazine concentrations did not change granulosa cell viability and no filtering effects was observed following treatments with media prepared with differently filtered water. As for steroidogenesis, treatment of water with OBP-based filter containing $10{\mu}M$ atrazine completely suppressed the stimulatory effect of $10{\mu}M$ atrazine on progesterone production as well as the inhibitory effect of $0.1{\mu}M$ ATR on estradiol-$17{\beta}$ production by granulosa cells. Our data demonstrate that the impairment of steroidogenesis induced by ATR is effectively removed after water filtration in the experimental device thus suggesting potential use in biotechnological applications on living cells and/or organisms.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 1993.07a
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• pp.409-415
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• 1993

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.220-233
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to present new a model that allows the study of the bone healing process, with an emphasis on the biological behavior of different graft-to-host interfaces. A standardized "over-inlay" surgical technique combined with a differential histomorphometric analysis is presented in order to optimize the use of critical-size calvarial defects in pre-clinical testing. Methods: Critical-size defects were created into the parietal bone of 8 male Wistar rats. Deproteinized bovine bone (DBBM) blocks were inserted into the defects, so that part of the block was included within the calvarial thickness and part exceeded the calvarial height (an "over-inlay" graft). All animals were sacrificed at 1 or 3 months. Histomorphometric and immunohistochemical evaluation was carried out within distinct regions of interest (ROIs): the areas adjacent to the native bone (BA), the periosteal area (PA) and the central area (CA). Results: The animals healed without complications. Differential morphometry allowed the examination of the tissue composition within distinct regions: the BA presented consistent amounts of new bone formation (NB), which increased over time ($24.53%{\pm}1.26%$ at 1 month; $37.73%{\pm}0.39%$ at 3 months), thus suggesting that this area makes a substantial contribution toward NB. The PA was mainly composed of fibrous tissue ($71.16%{\pm}8.06%$ and $78.30%{\pm}2.67%$, respectively), while the CA showed high amounts of DBBM at both time points ($78.30%{\pm}2.67%$ and $74.68%{\pm}1.07%$, respectively), demonstrating a slow remodeling process. Blood vessels revealed a progressive migration from the interface with native bone toward the central area of the graft. Osterix-positive cells observed at 1 month within the PA suggested that the periosteum was a source of osteoprogenitor elements. Alkaline phosphatase data on matrix deposition confirmed this observation. Conclusions: The present model allowed for a standardized investigation of distinct graft-to-host interfaces both at vertically augmented and inlay-augmented sites, thus possibly limiting the number of animals required for pre-clinical investigations.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.507-516
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• 2012

We study time series models for seasonal time series data with a covariance structure that depends on time and the periodic autocorrelation at various lags $k$. In this paper, we introduce an ARMA model with periodically varying coefficients(PARMA) and analyze Arosa ozone data with a periodic correlation in the practical case study. Finally, we use a PARMA model and a seasonal ARIMA model for data analysis and show the performance of a PARMA model with a comparison to the SARIMA model.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.296-304
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• 2018

Epiduroscopy is defined as a percutaneous, minimally invasive endoscopic investigation of the epidural space. Periduroscopy is currently used mainly as a diagnostic tool to directly visualize epidural adhesions in patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS), and as a therapeutic action in patients with low back pain by accurately administering drugs, releasing inflammation, washing the epidural space, and mechanically releasing the scars displayed. Considering epiduroscopy a minimally invasive technique should not lead to underestimating its potential complications. The purpose of this review is to summarize and explain the mechanisms of the side effects strictly related to the technique itself, leaving aside complications considered typical for any kind of extradural procedure (e.g. adverse reactions due to the administration of drugs or bleeding) and not fitting the usual concept of epiduroscopy for which the data on its real usefulness are still lacking. The most frequent complications and side effects of epiduroscopy can be summarized as non-persistent post-procedural low back and/or leg discomfort/pain, transient neurological symptoms (headache, hearing impairment, paresthesia), dural puncture with or without post dural puncture headache (PDPH), post-procedural visual impairment with retinal hemorrhage, encephalopathy resulting in rhabdomyolysis due to a dural tear, intradural cyst, as well as neurogenic bladder and seizures. We also report for first time, to our knowledge, a case of symptomatic pneumocephalus after epiduroscopy, and try to explain the reason for this event and the precautions to avoid this complication.

• Plant Resources
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.118-122
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• 2000

Many ascomycetes were collected at Mt.Unjang, Pyonsan penisula national park, Mt.Moak Chonbuk provincial park, Daea-ri hebarium and Mt.Whaam from August 1996 to October 1999. They were identified. According to the resulting, Lanzia echinophila, Discina parma, Hypomyces auranticus, Helotium versicolor, Cordyceps militaris f. albino, Isaria sinclairii are newly to Korea. They were designed Korean common names by author.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.589-608
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• 2013

A model is proposed to analyse the along-wind dynamic response of upwind turbines with horizontal axis under service wind conditions. The model takes into account the dynamic coupling effect between rotor blades and supporting tower. The wind speed field is decomposed into a mean component, accounting for the well-known wind shear effect, and a fluctuating component, treated through a spectral approach. Accordingly, the so-called rotationally sampled spectra are introduced for the blades to account for the effect of their rotating motion. Wind forces acting on the rotor blades are calculated according to the blade element momentum model. The tower shadow effect is also included in the present model. Two examples of a large and medium size wind turbines are modelled, and their dynamic response is analysed and compared with the results of a conventional static analysis.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.195-209
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• 2003

Spatial-Stochastic Neural Networks Model(SSNNM) is used to estimate long-term streamflow in the parallel reservoir groups. SSNNM employs two kinds of backpropagation algorithms, based on LMBP and BFGS-QNBP separately. SSNNM has three layers, input, hidden, and output layer, in the structure and network configuration consists of 8-8-2 nodes one by one. Nodes in input layer are composed of streamflow, precipitation, pan evaporation, and temperature with the monthly average values collected from Andong and Imha reservoir. But some temporal differences apparently exist in their time series. For the SSNNM training procedure, the training sets in input layer are generated by the PARMA(1,1) stochastic model and they covers insufficient time series. Generated data series are used to train SSNNM and the model parameters, optimal connection weights and biases, are estimated during training procedure. They are applied to evaluate model validation using observed data sets. In this study, the new approaches give outstanding results by the comparison of statistical analysis and hydrographs in the model validation. SSNNM will help to manage and control water distribution and give basic data to develop long-term coupled operation system in parallel reservoir groups of the Upper Nakdong River.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.132-143
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• 2023

Objective: The aim was to study the influence of cooling milk at 9℃ at the farm versus keeping it at 20℃ on Parmigiano Reggiano cheese lipolysis. Methods: A total of six cheesemaking trials (3 in winter and 3 in summer) were performed. In each trial, milk was divided continuously into two identical aliquots, one of which was kept at 9℃ (MC9) and the other at 20℃ (MC20). For each trial and milk temperature, vat milk (V-milk) and the resulting 21 month ripened cheese were analysed. Results: Fat and dry matter and fat/casein ratio were lower in MC9 V-milk (p≤0.05) than in MC20. Total bacteria, mesophilic lactic acid and psychrotrophic and lipolytic bacteria showed significant differences (p≤0.05) between the two V-milks. Regarding cheese, fat content resulted lower and crude protein higher (p≤0.05) both in outer (OZ) and in inner zone (IZ) of the MC9 cheese wheels. Concerning total fatty acids, the MC9 OZ had a lower concentration of butyric, capric (p≤0.05) and medium chain fatty acids (p≤0.05), while the MC9 IZ had lower content of butyric (p≤0.05), caproic (p≤0.01) and short chain fatty acids (p≤0.05). The levels of short chain and medium chain free fatty acids (p≤0.05) were lower and that of long chain fatty acids (p≤0.05) was higher in MC9 OZ cheese. The principal component analysis of total and free fatty acids resulted in a clear separation among samples by seasons, whereas slight differences were observed between the two different milk temperatures. Conclusion: Storing milk at 9℃ at the herd affects the chemical composition of Parmigiano Reggiano, with repercussion on lipolysis. However, the changes are not very relevant, and since the cheese can present a high variability among the different cheese factories, such changes should be considered within the "normal variations" of Parmigiano Reggiano chemical characteristics.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2B
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• pp.199-213
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• 2008

The goal of this research is to develop and apply the integrational operation method (IOM) for the modeling of the monthly pan evaporation (PE) and the alfalfa reference evapotranspiration ($ET_r$). Since the observed data of the alfalfa $ET_r$ using lysimeter have not been measured for a long time in Republic of Korea, Penman-Monteith (PM) method is used to estimate the observed alfalfa $ET_r$. The IOM consists of the application of the stochastic and neural networks models, respectively. The stochastic model is applied to generate the training dataset for the monthly PE and the alfalfa $ET_r$, and the neural networks models are applied to calculate the observed test dataset reasonably. Among the considered six training patterns, 1,000/PARMA(1,1)/GRNNM-GA training pattern can evaluate the suggested climatic variables very well and also construct the reliable data for the monthly PE and the alfalfa $ET_r$. Uncertainty analysis is used to eliminate the climatic variables of input nodes from 1,000/PARMA(1,1)/GRNNM-GA training pattern. The sensitive and insensitive climatic variables are chosen from the uncertainty analysis of the input nodes. Finally, it can be to model the monthly PE and the alfalfa $ET_r$ simultaneously with the least cost and endeavor using the IOM.