• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.43 no.1 s.428
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• pp.41-52
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• 2005

Information Technology has extended its scope to the medical field as well as dental field. Like medical field, network ststem for dental field requires acquisition, storage, and display of images. However, unlike the medical field, the system to integrate several information including medical images has not been developed according to industrial standard for management of digital image for medical use, so called DICOM conformance. which makes the digital environment in dental field more and more difficult and expensive for this standardization and comfortable communication in LAN and WAN. To solve this problem, the DICOM encoder and server has to be developed because the DICOM file can be easily retrieved with patient's information from the DICOM server in the system as DICOM file has the standard specification to integrate the patient's information. The information including image and other discrete data can be easily integrated in DICOM file and can be used without any difficulty for precise diagnosis and for contribution to the decision making for each treatment protocol. Therefore, the system composed of DICOM encoder and server in dental practive for DICOM file must be developed with prudent consideration of the several strategic factors: I) Enhanced diagnostic capability through the integrated information of image and clinical data. ii) Clinician-friendly interface to simulate the systemic treatment procedure in clinical practice iii) Implementation of multidisciplinary treatment protocol The development of DICOM encoder and server based on these strategic considerations will provide paperless and filmless hospital environments by the seamless integration and management of patient's history, several clinical data and clinical images through image processing for quantitative analysis. The system also allows clinicians to provide more predictable dental care for the patients.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.65-75
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• 2011

For the latest information and communication technology convergence with related technology to integrate all the systems has been developed in the form. In this era as well as the flow of the healthcare industry in recent years many studies on the development and application has been actively. Health IT in healthcare information systems that integrate information systems that have evolved rapidly in the direction to go, and in the future it is expected to do better acceleration. In this paper, state-led ubiquitous environment for building the hospital application system and IT application services are practical and Free in the integrated health information for the patient care service strengthening to integrated medical information system proposal and design do's and At the same time the establishment of integrated health information systems plans and operational challenges presented.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.10 no.12
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• pp.1403-1410
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to provide ways to utilize and create valuable medical information utilizing Medical Big Data created by field in hospital information system. The results of this study first creates new medical information of Medical Information system through medical big data analysis and integration of created data of PACS linked with many kinds of testing equipment and medical image equipment along with medical treatment information. Medical information created in this way produces various health information for treatment and prevention of disease and infectious disease. Second, it creates profit statistics information in various ways by analyzing medical big data accumulated through integration of billings and receipt, admission breakdown of patients. Profit statistics information created in this way produces various administration information to be utilized in profit anaysis and operation of medical institution. Likewise, data integration of personal health history, medical information of public institutions, medical information created in hospital information system produces valuable medical health information utilizing medical data.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.155-158
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• 2010

Digital radiographic systems allow the implementation of a fully digital picture archiving and communication system (PACS), and provide the greater dynamic range of digital detectors with possible reduction of X-ray exposure to the patient. This article reviewed the basic physical principles of digital radiographic imaging system in dental clinics generally. Digital radiography can be divided into computed radiography (CR) and direct radiography (DR). CR systems acquire digital images using phosphor storage plates (PSP) with a separate image readout process. On the other hand, DR systems convert X-rays into electrical charges by means of a direct readout process. DR systems can be further divided into direct and indirect conversion systems depending on the type of X-ray conversion. While a direct conversion requires a photoconductor that converts X-ray photons into electrical charges directly, in an indirect conversion, lightsensitive sensors such as CCD or a flat-panel detector convert visible light, proportional to the incident X-ray energy by a scintillator, into electrical charges. Indirect conversion sensors using CCD or CMOS without lens-coupling are used in intraoral radiography. CR system using PSP is mainly used in extraoral radiographic system and a linear array CCD or CR sensors, in panoramic system. Currently, the digital radiographic system is an important subject in the dental field. Most studies reported that no significant difference in diagnostic performance was found between the digital and conventional systems. To accept advances in technology and utilize benefits provided by the systems, the continuous feedback between doctors and manufacturers is essential.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.63.2-63.2
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• 2014

As a part of the "Dust, Ice, and Gas In Time" (DIGIT) key program on Herschel, we observed GSS30-IRS1, a Class I protostar located in Ophiuchus (d =125 pc), with Herschel/Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS). More than 70 lines were detected within a wavelength range from 50 ${\mu}m$ to 200 ${\mu}m$: CO lines from J = 14-13 to 41-40, several $H_2O$ lines of Eup = 100 K to 1500 K, 16 transitions of OH rotational lines, and two atomic [O I] lines at 63 and 145 ${\mu}m$. The [C II] line, known as a tracer of externally heated gas by the interstellar radiation field, is also detected at 158 ${\mu}m$. All lines, except [O I] and [C II], are detected only at the central spaxel of $9^{\prime\prime}.4{\times}9^{\prime\prime}.4$. The [O I] emission is extended along a NE-SW orientation, which is consistent with the known outflow direction, while the [C II] line is detected over all spaxels. One possible explanation of the detection of the [C II] line and no correlation of its spatial distribution with any other molecular emission is the existence of the enhanced ISRF nearby GSS30-IRS1. One interesting feature of GSS30-IRS1 is that the continuum emission is extended beyond the point-spread function (PSF), unlike the molecular line emission, indicative of significant external heating. The best-fit continuum model of GSS30-IRS1 with the physical structure including flared disk, envelope, and outflow shows that the internal luminosity is 11 $L_{\odot}$, and the region is also externally heated by a radiation field enhanced by a factor of 25 compared to the local standard interstellar field.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.273-282
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• 2004

The synthetic technology of improved polyaluminiumchloride (IPAC) similar to characteristics of PACS was established with minimum expense for modifying existing production line. The conditions for activating silicate was studied before the synthesis of IPAC, and the IPAC was synthesised with raw materials such as aluminumhydroxide and concentrated hydrochloric acid, followed by adding activated silicate and alginate. The specification of product, chemical structure, and coagulating properties were tested by using specification testing method, instrumental analytical method, and Jar tester, respectively. As a result, the product, IPAC, contained aluminium oxide content more than 17%, and no precipitation was shown at all while the IPAC solution was preserved, and the larger floc and faster coagulation were represented compared to existing PAC under the same conditions. It was suggested that these synthetic technology could be applied to the existing production line for producing PAC without approximately cost raising factor because of adding sulfuric acid-activated silicate instead of sodium sulfate.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.351-360
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• 1998

Digital gamma camera has many advantages over analog gamma camera. These include convenient quality control, easy calibration and operation, and possible image quantitation which results in improving diagnostic accuracies. The digital data can also be utilized for telemedicine and picture archiving and communication system. However, many hospitals still operate analog cameras and have difficult situation to replace them with digital cameras. We have studied a feasibility of digitalizing an analog gamma camera into a digital camera using Gamma-PF interface board. The physical characteristics that we have measured are spatial resolution, sensitivity, uniformity, and image contrast. The patient's data obtained for both analog and digital camera showed very similar image quality. The results suggest that it may be feasible to upgrade an analog camera into a digital gamma camera in clinical environments.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.12
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• pp.2586-2594
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• 2009

A digital watermarking technique used as a protection and certifying mechanism of copyrighted creations including music, still images, and videos in terms of finding any loss in data, reproduction and pursuit. This study suggests using a selected geometric invariant point through the whole processing procedure of an image and inserting and extracting based on the invariant point so that it will be robust in a geometric transformation attack. The introduced algorithm here is based on a watershed splitting method in order to make medical images strong against RST(Rotation Scale, Translation) transformation and other processing. It also helps to maintain the watermark in images that are compressed and stored for a period of time. This algorithm also proved that is has robustness against not only JPEG compression attack, but also RST attack and filtering attack.

• Journal of the Korean Recycled Construction Resources Institute
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.245-253
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• 2020

The present study is an experimental study to investigate the characteristics of strength by mixing polyaluminum chloride(PAC) with OPC-slag-FA ternary blended cement. There are three types of binders: 80% OPC + 10% slag + 10% FA, 60% OPC + 20% slag + 20% FA, and 40% OPC + 30% slag + 30% FA. PACs used 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10% of the mixing-water weight. Experimental results show that PAC improves compressive strength regardless of the amount of OPC. PAC consumes portlandite, forms Friedel's salt, and reduces the diameter of the pores, making the matrix compact, contributing to the improvement of compressive strength. However, porous FA particles had an effect of delaying hydration by absorbing PAC in the initial hydration step. Therefore, the use of FA needs to determine the substitution rate in consideration of the hydration delay effect.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.149-154
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• 2012

According to the coagulation tests for PACs with various basicities, the PACB with lower basicity showed higher coagulation efficiencies of organics and phosphorus than the PAC with higher basicity. The PACB contained higher amount of monomeric Al (III) hydrolytic species comparing with PAC. In case of the coagulation for the sewage treated water, the coagulation efficiency by the charge neutralization and sweep floc formation was higher with PACB than with PAC. Accordingly, when $Al_2O_3$ concentration was similar in the coagulant, PACB showed higher removal efficiencies of turbidity, $COD_{Mn}$, TP, and $PO_4$-P comparing with PAC, especially in the lower range of coagulant dose.