• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.745-748
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• 2007

본 논문은 현재 대형 병원에서 널리 사용되고 있는 PACS의 데이터 백업, 데이터의 관리 등의 문제점을 해결하고자 지리적으로 분산된 PACS를 그리드 기술로 통합 연동하여 PACS의 효용성을 높이고 원격 이미지 파일 전송 및 협업, 원격진단과 같은 향상된 의료 정보기능을 제공하기 위하여 PACS-Grid DICOM Server, PACS-Grid 브라우저, PACS-Grid Provider를 정의하여 PACS-Grid 서비스 시스템을 설계하고 구현하였다.

• JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORLD
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• no.4 s.112
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• pp.12-18
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• 1986

• 보건세계
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• v.50 no.4 s.560
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• pp.36-39
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• 2003

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.83-91
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• 2017

Climate change has been identified as one with the greatest challenges facing nations, government, business and over future decades. Activities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by the Kyoto Protocol, the international community has been in progress. Korea also has introduced the Emission trading system to reduce greenhouse emission from the supervision of the government. Greenhouse gases emissions quantity should be internationally recognized. Mutual Recognition Arrangement should be recognized as the same greenhouse gas emission. International recognition of domestic verification body of international mutual recognition is required. Efforts are needed to secure the equivalence between the emission rights through direct cooperation with the relative nation accreditation body. Early entry into the IAF/PAC GHG MLA is essential for demonstrating equivalence between greenhouse gas emissions. Emissions trading will also require connection to the EU ETS, California, USA, and Tokyo, Japan to link Emissions trading. In the case of establishing accreditation standards and accreditation criteria, it will be necessary to distinguish between the domestic Energy Target Management System and the Emission Trading System. Independent greenhouse gases verification bodies should be established to meet the requirements of IAF and PAC. It is necessary to revise the qualification criteria for the verification of the greenhouse gas verification body according to international standards requirements. It is necessary to support the role of accreditation bodies of domestic greenhouse gas verification bodies. It is required to join international organizations of international mutual recognition of international trade and the need for pilot projects to link greenhouse gas emissions. The core link to our emission trading system is called EU-ETS, and we will need to join the IAF/PAC GHG MLA GHG. The International Mutual Recognition Agreement (IAF) is expected to allow international interoperability of GHG emissions verification between EA and the PAC. By signing a PAC GHG MLA, it will need to be prepared to prepare for the pilot project to link the emission trading system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.16-21
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• 2002

Development of information technology makes a telemedicine system feasible along with the traditional medical practice of visiting a hospital (or clinic). This telemedicine workstation would include a PACS interface and between inpatient and outpatient HIS/RIS/PACS transaction protocol. Although this system has adopted PACS, this technology has been available for severe year the integration of the system into clinical operation has had limited success due to stringent requirements of radiologists as well as the load demanded on the system.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.72-75
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• 2012

본 연구는 2011년 8월 12일부터 8월 17일까지 일개 광역시에 대학병원에서 근무하는 안과인턴, 레지던트, 전문의, 방사선사, 안경사, 간호사를 대상으로 안과 PACS의 지능형 영상진단 및 치료지원 시스템 구축을 위한 사용자 요구도 조사를 실시하였다. 구성 대상은 의사 7명(38.9%), 의료기술직 4명(22.2%) 간호사 3명(16.7%), 기타 4명(22.2%)로 나타났다. 안과 PACS 도입 시 가장 중요한 부분으로 8(44.4%)명이 편리성이라고 하였고, 안과 PACS Viewer 중요분야는 9(50.0%)명이 편리한 기능이라고 하였다. 안과 PACS Viewer 필요분야에서 가장 필요한 분야는 14(77.8%)명이 망막분야라고 하였다. 이는 망막 검사의 대부분이 영상을 이용한 진단이 활용되어 있어 나타나 결과로 볼 수 있었다. 안과 PACS Viewer의 환경 관련 문항에서 검사 환자 리스트에서 가장 중요한 것은 생년월일, 부위 ,장비명이었으며, Annotation 및 사진 편집기능에서는 길이측정, 선 및 화살표 삽입, 글자입력으로 진료 및 치료에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 부분을 가장 중요한 환경 구성으로 응답하였다. 안과 PACS의 지능형 영상진단 및 치료에 대한 지원 시스템 구성은 기존 PACS에서 이루어져 있는 Viewer 형태의 UI 구성보다는 더 세밀하고 정확한 진단을 요하는 길이, marking, 장비의 특성, Color Palette 변화, Multi Modality Image Display를 요구하고 있다. 앞으로 방사선 분야의 기존 Viewer 형태의 PACS UI 구성보다는 각 분야에 맞는 PACS UI를 구축함으로써 더 정확하고 지능화된 영상 진단 및 치료 지원을 할 수 있어야 하겠다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.32 no.10
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• pp.731-739
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• 2023

In this study, lab-scale phosphorus coagulation/precipitation experiments were performed using three types of polyaluminum chloride (PAC) with different Al contents (10%, 12%, and 17%). The PO₄-P removal efficiencies at various operating conditions, such as initial PO₄-P concentration, initial pH, and Al/P molar ratio, were evaluated, and correlations among the operating factors affecting phosphorus coagulation/precipitation with PAC were derived to optimize the process efficiency. When the initial PO₄-P concentration was 0.065 and 0.161 mmol P/L under an initial pH of 8-10, the optimal PAC dose was 0.126-0.378 and 0.189-0.667 mmol Al/L, respectively. Under these conditions, the Al/P molar ratio was 2.16-6.18 and 1.28-4.30, respectively, and the PO₄-P removal efficiency was in the range of 40.2-92.5%. When the Al/P molar ratio was 2 or less under an initial pH condition of 6-8, the PO₄-P removal efficiency was approximately ≤40% owing to insufficient Al³⁺ ions. However, when the Al/P molar ratio is 3-5, the PO₄-P removal efficiency improved to approximately 80-90%. Thus, the optimal Al/P molar ratio to achieve a PO₄-P removal efficiency of over 90% was determined to be approximately 4 in the PO₄-P coagulation/precipitation process using PAC.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.143-156
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• 2008

Grid-based PACS can provide an advanced medical information services such as remote image file transfer, collaboration, remote diagnosis, and virtual hospital. In this paper, we have implemented Grid-PACS which guarantees both storage safety and extendability for virtual large scale storage system. The experimental results showed that the virtual storage system provided more efficient and faster data transfer than the conventional PACS. The proposed Grid data management system can be utilized to improve the effectiveness of the PACS data management and transmission between medical institutions.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38B no.11
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• pp.870-878
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• 2013

The objective of this paper is to develop mobile-based PACS(Picture Archiving Communication System: mPACS) for diagnostic medical image service available via Android-based mobile smartphone. The proposed mPACS provides an integrated platform for mobile application of diagnostic medical images stored in hospital PACS, and allows the smartphone to store, retrieve, manipulate and transfer the diagnostic medical images. Then, the mPACS platform includes the following features for use in the Android framework (i. e., diagnostic medical image processing) : transfer protocols between PACS, mPACS and smartphone, image format converter, JPEG and JPEG2000 coders, text and avatar search, and etc. This mPACS is shown to be useful and effective in providing a solution for mobile-based diagnostic medical image service.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2009

Purpose: Recently, most hospitals are introducing the PACS system and use of the system continues to expand. But small-scaled PACS called MicroPACS has already been in use through open source programs. The aim of this study is to prove utility of operating a MicroPACS, as a substitute back-up device for conventional storage media like CDs and DVDs, in addition to the full-PACS already in use. This study contains the way of setting up a MicroPACS with open source programs and assessment of its storage capability, stability, compatibility and performance of operations such as "retrieve", "query". Materials and Methods: 1. To start with, we searched open source software to correspond with the following standards to establish MicroPACS, (1) It must be available in Windows Operating System. (2) It must be free ware. (3) It must be compatible with PET/CT scanner. (4) It must be easy to use. (5) It must not be limited of storage capacity. (6) It must have DICOM supporting. 2. (1) To evaluate availability of data storage, we compared the time spent to back up data in the open source software with the optical discs (CDs and DVD-RAMs), and we also compared the time needed to retrieve data with the system and with optical discs respectively. (2) To estimate work efficiency, we measured the time spent to find data in CDs, DVD-RAMs and MicroPACS. 7 technologists participated in this study. 3. In order to evaluate stability of the software, we examined whether there is a data loss during the system is maintained for a year. Comparison object; How many errors occurred in randomly selected data of 500 CDs. Result: 1. We chose the Conquest DICOM Server among 11 open source software used MySQL as a database management system. 2. (1) Comparison of back up and retrieval time (min) showed the result of the following: DVD-RAM (5.13,2.26)/Conquest DICOM Server (1.49,1.19) by GE DSTE (p<0.001), CD (6.12,3.61)/Conquest (0.82,2.23) by GE DLS (p<0.001), CD (5.88,3.25)/Conquest (1.05,2.06) by SIEMENS. (2) The wasted time (sec) to find some data is as follows: CD ($156{\pm}46$), DVD-RAM ($115{\pm}21$) and Conquest DICOM Server ($13{\pm}6$). 3. There was no data loss (0%) for a year and it was stored 12741 PET/CT studies in 1.81 TB memory. In case of CDs, On the other hand, 14 errors among 500 CDs (2.8%) is generated. Conclusions: We found that MicroPACS could be set up with the open source software and its performance was excellent. The system built with open source proved more efficient and more robust than back-up process using CDs or DVD-RAMs. We believe that the operation of the MicroPACS would be effective data storage device as long as its operators develop and systematize it.