• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1998.05b
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• pp.533-538
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• 1998

추출제 Cyanex 301에 대한 NaN $O_3$ 매질에서 Am과 Eu의 추출 및 상호분리 거동에 대해 고찰하였다. Cyanex 301에 대한 Am과 Eu의 추출거동은 매우 유사하여 상호 분리할 수 없었으나 Cyanex 301을 8M NaOH로 비누화 처리하여 NaN $O_3$ 용액 매질에서 Eu에 대한 미량의 Am의 분배계수를 측정한 결과 Am에 대한 선택적 추출성이 높게 나타났다. Cyanex 301의 비누화을, 수용상의 pH 및 Eu 농도가 높아질수록 Am과 Eu의 상호 분리계수인 S $F_{AM}$Eu/는 930까지 증가되었으나 Cyanex 301에 옥탄올을 첨가할 경우에는 S $F_{Am}$ Eu/는 32.3까지 감소하였으며, Am과 Eu의 추출에 미치는 NaN $O_3$ 농도 영향은 없는 것으로 나타났다. Cyanex 301에 추출된 Am과 Eu은 pH가 4인 lM NaN $O_3$ 용액으로는 97.7% 그리고 0.05M DTPA/1.5M Lactic acid에 의해서 99% 이상 역추출되었다.

• Korean Aquaculture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.52-57
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• 2007

Chum salmon의 알이 부화하는 동안 물곰팡이의 감염으로부터 보호하기 위해 알을 10 mg/L 염소농도의 하이포아염소산나트륨(NaOCl) 용액에 매일 15분간 수정란에서부터 발안기까지 처리하였다. 감염된 알의 수 및 발안기 알의 수는 부화 23일째 관찰하였다. 전체의 알에서 감염된 알의 비율은 대조구(11.3;59.3%)보다 NaOCl 처리한 실험구(1.8; 33.4%)에서 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(P<0.01). 전체 알에 대한 발안란의 비율은 대조구(66.1:97.5%)보다 NaOCl처리한 실험구(85.9:98.6%)에서 유의적으로 우수한 경향을 보였다(P<0.01). NaOCl의 항균 활성은 알의 생존율을 향상시킨다. 따라서 NaOCl는 chum salmon의 난에 대한 물곰팡이의 감염에 대하여 아주 유용한 항균물질이라고 판단된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.200-203
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• 1994

Recent trend of ginseng (p. ginseng) trade in Japan was analyzed. From 1984 white ginseng import increased continuously to 240% while export of red ginseng decreased to 29%. Red ginseng import increased until 1990 and decreased thereafter, resulting in 12% of total import ginseng in 1993 from 47% in 1990. During five years (1989∼1993) white ginseng import from Korea decreased from 44% to 14% of total white ginseng imported while import from China increased. Red ginseng import from China ranged 97 to l00% of total red ginseng and little change was shown during five years. Price of Korean ginseng was higher than that of China by 2.2 times for white and 6.6 times for red. The continuous decrease of Chinese ginseng price might affect import trend. Export price of red ginseng increased continuously and was higher than that of Korean red ginseng (1.95 times) and much higher than import price (20 times in 1993).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.248-253
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• 2017

This study was conducted to analyze the anti-oxidant activity of green juice containing barley sprouts. The specimens used in the experiments were supplied byCSJ company located in Jincheon-gun, Chungbuk province. Polyphenol and flavonoid was detected in Huttuynia cordata Thunb fermentation sprout juiceat $1.075{\pm}0.174mg/mL$ and $2.736{\pm}0.187\;quercetin\;mg/mL$, in organic dandelion at $1.048{\pm}0.173mg/mL$ and $2.685{\pm}0.245\;quercetin\;mg/mL$, kan andRakat $1.013{\pm}0.083mg/mL$ and $3.624{\pm}0.237\;quercetin\;mg/mL$, broccoli blending juice at $1.494{\pm}0.255mg/mL$ and $3.826{\pm}0.286\;quercetin\;mg/mL$, and barley sprouts at $1.043{\pm}0.220mg/mL$ and $1.990{\pm}0.223\;quercetin\;mg/mL$, respectively.Antioxidant activity testing revealed the electron donating ability of Huttuynia cordata Thunb fermentation sprout juice for DPPH was 81.97%. Moreover, the free radical scavenging ability measured by ABTS assay showed that the activity was increased in the order of broccoli blending juice, Huttuynia cordata Thunb fermentation sprout juice, organic dandelion, 'kan andRak', barley sprout, and thatthe effects were similar to those of ascorbic acid at $100{\mu}g/mL$. Statistical processing is using SPSS 24, analysis of distributed layout and Duncan's multiple range (p<0.05). Therefore, the use of functional assistance material of products in the future indicates that it is worth a healthy functional drink.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1131-1142
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• 2016

This study was conducted to compare the antioxidant, anticytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory properties of Euphorbia maculata ethanol extract with those of E. supina ethanol extract. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical and superoxide scavenging activities of E. maculata at $50{\mu}g/mL$ were $38.3{\pm}3.7$ and $21.5{\pm}1.2%$, respectively, whereas those of E. supina at the same concentration were $109.4{\pm}0.9$ and $59.5{\pm}4.8%$, respectively. Oxygen radical absorbance capacities of E. maculata and E. supina at $10{\mu}g/mL$ were $14.70{\pm}0.63$ and $26.17{\pm}1.36nmol/mL$ Trolox, respectively. Cupric reducing antioxidant capacities of E. maculata and E. supina at $10{\mu}g/mL$ were $10.22{\pm}0.97$ and $62.99{\pm}5.28nmol/mL$ Trolox, respectively. Total phenolic contents of E. maculata and E. supina at $50{\mu}g/mL$ were $29.03{\pm}0.14$ and $87.89{\pm}0.20nmol/mL$ gallic acid, respectively. E. maculata and E. supina were reported to prevent supercoiled DNA breakage induced by peroxyl and hydroxyl radicals in a concentration-dependent manner, where protection against the supercoiled DNA breakage provided by E. supina was greater than that provided by E. maculata. E. maculata and E. supina at $100{\mu}g/mL$ inhibited tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced cytotoxicity in HepG2 cells by $49.4{\pm}4.3$ and $87.3{\pm}4.5%$, respectively. E. maculata and E. supina at $500{\mu}g/mL$ inhibited lipopolysaccharide-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 cells by $63.1{\pm}7.0$ and $85.2{\pm}1.6%$, respectively. The antioxidant capacities including DPPH radical scavenging, superoxide scavenging, oxygen radical absorbance, and cupric reducing antioxidant activity were found to be highly correlated with total phenolic content (0.896 < r < 0.983, p < 0.01) and anticytotoxic activities (0.915 < r < 0.960, p < 0.01). However, the superoxide scavenging activity was not significantly correlated (r = 0.604, p > 0.05) with the anti-inflammatory activity. Thus, these findings demonstrated that the radical scavenging, anticytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory capacities of E. supina were more potent than those of E. maculata. Further studies are needed to elucidate the properties of polyphenolic constituents in E. supina responsible for these effects and the underlying mechanisms.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.1491-1496
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• 2007

As an oriental medicinal plant, wild grape (WG, Vitis coignetiae) has been known to contain abundant nutrients compared to grape (Vitis vinifera L.) and as a source of stilbenes, a kind of polyphenol. This study was performed to investigate the antioxidative activity of WG extracts by measuring electron donating ability (EDA), nitrite scavenging ability (NSA), super oxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity and total polyphenol content (TPC). The extracts were obtained using microwave-assisted extraction (microwave power: 90 W, extraction time: 5 min, extractant: water, 50 and 100% ethanol). EDAs, SOD-like activities and TPCs were the highest at 50% ethanol extracts while conversely lowest at 100% ethanol extracts. EDAs of 50% and 100% ethanol extracts at 1.6 g/dL concentration, $97.70{\pm}0.55\;and\;98.05{\pm}0.36%$, were higher than those of 0.1 and 1% L-ascorbic acids, $101.44{\pm}0.98%\;and\;99.43{\pm}0.78%$, respectively. At the concentration of 1.6 g/dL, 50% ethanol extract showed lower NSA (pH 1.2) than water extract unlike EDA, TPC and SOD-like activity. Regarding TPCs of WG extracts, the activities were the highest at 50% ethanol extracts (1.6 g/dL: $38.76{\pm}0.23$ mM gallic acid equiv.) followed by water and 100% ethanol extracts. The results suggest the usefulness of developing functional foods using antioxidative active compounds of WG with high polyphenol contents.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.521-537
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• 2016

Laboratory-scale experiments were carried out to investigate the adsorption equilibrium, the adsorption kinetics and facilitated transport of two cationic dyes (Methylene Blue (MB) and Rhodamine B (RB)) on Polymer Inclusion Membrane (D2EHPA-PIM). Different adsorption isotherms (Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin models) as well as kinetics models indicated that the adsorption process is spontaneous and exothermic. Under the optimal conditions, the adsorption removal efficiencies reach about 93% and 97% for MB and RB respectively. Different extraction values by D2EHPA-PIM were obtained for the two cationic dyes: MB is weakly extracted at pH 2.0 (E% = 18.7%) whilst E% = 82.4% was observed for RB at the same pH. This difference was exploited in a mixture containg both the 2 cationic dyes for the selective extraction of RB at pH 2. Desorption of both dyes was achieved from the membrane by using acidic aqueous solutions and desorption ratio up to 90% was obtained. The formulas of the extracted complexes by the PIMs were, determined by the method of slopes. The dyes transport was elucidated using mass transfer analysis where in it found relatively high values of the initial flux ($J_0$) as 41.57 and $18.74{\mu}mol.m^2.s^{-1}$ for MB and RB respectively.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.249-254
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acid tolerance, bile acid tolerance, and fermentation activity of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Kimchi in the presence of hydrolysates of whey protein concentrate. Kimchi isolates DK109, DK119, DK121, DK128, DK211, DK212, and DK215, which were identified as Lactobacillus sp., and L. casei DK128 showed the highest acid and bile acid tolerance. To produce whey hydrolysates, enzymes were added to a 10% (w/v) whey protein concentrate (WPC) solution at 1:50 (w/v, protein). The viabilities of the DK strains were determined in the presence of low pH and bile salts. Then, yogurt was produced via fermentation with L. casei DK128, an isolate from Kimchi, in the presence of the following additives: CPP, WPC, and WPC hydrolysates (WPCH) generated by alcalase (A) or neutrase (N). The produced yogurts were subjected to various analyses, including viable cell counts (CFU/mL), pH, titratable activity, and sensory testing. After 8 h of fermentation, the pH and titratable activity values of all test samples were 4.2 and 0.9, respectively. The viable counts of LAB were $3.49{\times}10^8$, $5.72{\times}10^8$, $7.01{\times}10^8$, and $6.97{\times}10^8$, for the Control, CPP, A, and N samples, respectively. These results suggest that whey proteins have potential as dietary supplements in functional foods and that WPCH could be used in yogurt as a low-cost alternative to CPP.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.163-170
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• 2021

Bacterial infections in the female reproductive tract negatively affect ovarian function, follicular development, and embryo development, leading to the eventual failure of fertilization. Moreover, bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) can interfere with the immune system and reproductive system of the host animal. Therefore, this study examined the effect of LPS on the in vitro maturation (IVM) of pig oocytes. Oocytes were matured in TCM199 medium in the presence of varying concentrations of LPS (0 - 50 ㎍·mL^-1). The maturation rate, cortical granules (CGs) migration, and chromosome alignment were subsequently evaluated during the meiotic development of the oocytes. We observed a dose-dependent and significant decrease in the metaphase II (MII) rate with increasing concentrations of LPS (97.6% control [0 ㎍·mL^-1 LPS] vs. 10.4-74.9% LPS [1 - 50 ㎍·mL^-1], p < 0.05). In addition, compared to the control oocytes without LPS, higher levels of abnormal CGs distribution (18.1 - 50.0% LPS vs. 0% control), chromosome/spindle alignment (20.3 - 56.7% LPS vs. 0% control), and intracellular ROS generation were observed in oocytes matured with LPS (p < 0.05). Nitrite levels were also increased in the maturation medium derived from the oocytes matured with LPS (p < 0.05). These results indicate that LPS induces oxidative stress during IVM and affects oocyte maturation, including CGs migration and chromosome alignment of pig oocytes.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.85 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2022

Background: The use of low-dose inhaled corticosteroid-formoterol as reliever monotherapy has recently been recommended in the asthma treatment guidelines. However, the efficacy of this treatment strategy has not yet been determined during the stepping-down period in moderate asthma. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of reducing treatment to as-needed budesonide-formoterol (BFM) in moderate asthma with complete remission. Methods: We randomly assigned 31 patients (8 males and 23 females with a mean age of 57.2 years) with complete remission of asthma by inhaled BFM (160/4.5 ㎍) twice daily to receive BFM (160/4.5 ㎍) as needed (16 patients), or budesonide (BUD) (200 ㎍) twice daily (15 patients). The study was an open-label study done for 48 weeks, with the primary outcome as the cumulative percentages of patients with treatment failure (asthma exacerbation or loss of asthma control or lack of satisfaction after using medications) in the two groups. Results: Six patients (42%) using as-needed BFM had treatment failure, as compared with three patients (21.4%) using BUD maintenance (hazards ratio for as-needed BFM, 1.77; 95% confidential interval, 0.44-7.12; p=0.41). The changes in forced expiratory volume in 1 second were -211.3 mL with as-needed BFM versus -97.8 mL with BUD maintenance (difference, 113.5 mL; p=0.75) and the change in fractional exhaled nitric oxide was significantly higher in both groups, at 8.68 parts per billion (ppb) in the as-needed BFM group and 2.5 ppb. in the BUD maintenance group (difference, 6.18 ppb; p=0.049). Conclusion: Compared with BUD maintenance, there were no significant differences in treatment failure rate in patients who received as-needed BFM during the stepping down period in moderate asthma. However, they showed reduced lung function and relapsed airway inflammation. The results are limited by imprecision, and further large RCTs are needed.