• 대한임상독성학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2022

Purpose: This study sought to compare the characteristics of patients with pathogen-positive and negative cultures, and to investigate factors predicting pathogen-positive culture results in patients of acute poisoning with suspected aspiration. Methods: Consecutive patients with acute poisoning admitted to an intensive care unit between January 2016 and December 2018 were retrospectively studied. Respiratory specimens were collected from the enrolled patients at the time of the suspected aspiration. We compared the characteristics of patients with pathogen-positive and negative culture results and analyzed the causative pathogens. Results: Among the 526 patients, 325 showed no clinical features that could be attributed to aspiration, and 201 patients had clinical features suggestive of aspiration. Of these, 113 patients had pathogen-positive culture, 61 were negative, and the specimens of 27 patients contained poor-quality sputum. In univariate analysis, patients with a positive culture showed a longer time to culture from ingestion (p=0.01), faster heart rate (p=0.01), and higher partial pressure of arterial oxygen to the fraction of inspired oxygen (PaO₂/FiO₂) (p=0.02) than patients with negative culture. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that PaO₂/FiO₂ (adjusted odd ratio, 1.005; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.002-1.008; p=0.005) was a significant risk factor for pathogen-positive culture. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of PaO₂/FiO₂ was 0.591 (95% CI, 0.510-0.669, p=0.05). Gram-negative pathogens (GNPs) were predominant and at least one GNP was observed in 84 (73.3%) patients among those with pathogen positive culture. Conclusion: We failed to find any clinical factors associated with positive culture results. Antibiotics that cover GNPs could be considered when deciding the initial antibiotic regimen at the time of suspected aspiration.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.175-182
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• 2013

목적: 말기암환자의 영성은 호스피스완화의료에서 중요하게 고려되어야 할 영역이지만 아직 이에 대한 연구자료가 부족하다. 따라서 이번 연구에서는 호스피스 병동에 입원해 있는 말기 암환자들을 대상으로 영적 안녕과 통증, 불안 및 우울과의 연관성에 대하여 살펴보았다. 방법: 서울소재 일개 대학병원에 입원해 있는 환자를 대상으로 연구자와 연구간호사가 연구에 동의한 50명의 환자에게 자기 기입식 설문지를 배부하는 방법으로 설문을 시행하였다. 영적 안녕지수의 측정은 Functional Assessment of Chronic-Illness Therapy-Spirituality (FACIT-Sp)의 영적 상태 12문항을 이용하였으며 병원 우울불안지수는 Hospital anxiety and depression scale (HADS), 통증지수의 측정은 BPI-K를 이용하였다. 수집된 자료는 Spearmans' rank test, T-test, univariate and multivariate regression analysis를 이용하여 분석하였다. 결과: 영적 안녕은 평균 통증 강도(r=-0.283, P<0.05), 불안 하부척도(HADS-A)(r=-0.613, P<0.05), 우울 하부척도(HADS-D)(r=-0.526, P<0.05)와 상관관계를 보였다. 다른 변수들의 영향을 보정한 뒤에도 영적 안녕은 종교유무(OR=9.193, 95% CI=4.158~14.229, P<0.001)와 불안하부척도(OR=-1.03, 95% CI=-1.657~-0.403, P=0.002)와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 결론: 말기암환자의 영적 안녕감은 통증, 우울, 불안 점수와 유의한 상관관계를 가졌으며 종교가 있고 우울지수가 낮은 경우 영적 안녕감의 증가와 유의한 상관관계를 가졌다. 추후 전향적 연구를 통한 영적 말기암환자의 영적 중재 및 영적 지지에 대한 노력이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한환경공학회지
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• 제37권9호
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• pp.526-532
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• 2015

유기성폐수 처리공정에서 악취발생농도가 높을 것으로 예상되는 양돈분뇨 처리공정에 pellet과 stone을 충진한 생물 반응기를 도입하고 대조시설로서 생물반응기를 도입하지 않는 활성슬러지법 공정과 비교하여 반응조 운전상태, 처리수질, 악취발생농도를 측정하였다. 거품발생, 처리수 투시도 등에서 생물반응기를 도입한 반응조가 훨씬 안정적인 모습을 보였으며 BOD 제거효율도 우수하였다. 반면, 총질소(T-N), 총인(T-P) 제거효율은 두 개의 반응조가 큰 차이를 보이지 않아 방류수 수질기준을 만족시키기 위해서는 별도의 고도처리를 하여야 할 것으로 나타났다. 악취는 암모니아성 질소, 암모니아 농도, 복합악취를 기준으로 살펴본 결과 생물반응기를 도입한 공정이 활성슬러지 공정보다 적게는 4배에서 최대 24배 이상 낮게 나타나 악취원인물질 발생이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 황화수소, 메틸머캅탄, 디메틸설파이드, 디메틸디설파이드 농도는 각각의 반응조 모두 검출되지 않거나 5 ppb에 불과하였으며 두 반응조의 차이 또한 크지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 생물반응기 공정에서는 주로 Bacillus sp./ Pseudomonas sp. 종이 주를 이루고 활성슬러지 공정에서는 Bacterium sp. Chryseobacterium sp. 종이 주를 이루었다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.27-32
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• 2009

이 연구는 산성광산배수(AMD, Acid Mine Drainage)를 대상으로 트리폴리인산나트륨의 적용을 평가한다. 경북에 위치한 문경 석탄탄광으로부터 발생한 AMD와 트리폴리인산나트륨의 회분식 반응실험에서 얻어진 결과에 근거하면, AMD를 처리하기 위한 트리폴리인산나트륨의 최적주입량은 $4.7{\times}10^{-3}mole$이었다. $Ca^{2+}$의 경우 농도가 $16.4mg/{\ell}$에서 처리 후 $5.6mg/{\ell}$로 감소하여 제거율은 65.9%이고, $Fe^{3+}$의 경우 농도가 $3.7mg/{\ell}$에서 처리 후 $0.02mg/{\ell}$로 감소하여 제거율은 99.5%이다. 그러나 $SO{_4}^{2-}$의 경우 농도가 $526.8mg/{\ell}$에서 $566.5mg/{\ell}$ 범위로 증가나 감소경향이 나타나지 않았다. 트리폴리인산나트륨을 사용한 결과, AMD 내 $Na^+$의 농도는 $549.8mg/{\ell}{\sim}599.3mg/{\ell}$이고 정인산염은 $6.82mg/{\ell}{\sim}7.60mg/{\ell}$였다. 트리폴리인산나트륨과 AMD의 반응에서 발생한 침전물을 SEM, XRF, XRD로 분석한 결과 침전물의 형태는 인회석${\gg}{\beta}$-인산삼칼슘>산화철$(Fe(OH)_3)$인 것으로 판단된다. 결과적으로 트리폴리인산염의 사용은 AMD에서 $Fe^{3+}$, $Ca^{2+}$ 제거와 pH 완충에 있어서 우수한 것으로 나타났다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.99-104
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• 1999

제주도내 25개 지점의 토양시료로부터 총 703 주의 방선균을 분리하였다. 네 종류의 배지 중 soil extract를 함유한 arginine glycerol salts agar가 다양한 방선균을 분리하는데 가장 적합하였으며, 목장초지 토양이 다른 지역의 토양에 비해서 방선균의 다양성과 밀도면에서 가장 좋은 분리원이었다 순수분리된 526개의 균주를 대상으로 Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus 및 Pseudomonas solanacearum을 검정균으로 하여, 항균성 물질 생산여부를 검정한 결과, 생산균주의 발생빈도는 분리 및 배양에 사용한 배지의 종류에 따라서 $0{\sim}32.8%$로 많은 차이를 보였다. 세 종류의 검정균에 대하여 동시에 항균활성을 나타내는 10개 균주 중에서 pH 안정성과 열 안정성이 비교적 높은 물질을 생산하는 BL106Ba균주를 선택하여 등정한 결과, Streptomyces속에 속하며 S. albosporeus와 가장 유사한 것으로 추정되었다. B1106Ba의 배양액을 양이온 교환수지(AG MP-50)통과와 3차의 분자량 분획(Sephadex G-10)으로 정제하여 얻은 백색의 결정은 그람 음성균 및 양성균에 대해서는 강한 항균활성을 나타내었으나, 효모에 대해서는 약한 활성을 나타내었다. 이 결정 물질을 TLC와 HPLC로 분석한 결과 네 종류의 서로 다른 항균성 화합물이 혼합되어 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.279-287
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• 2017

The aim of this study is to verify the difference in the level of happiness and preparation for old age according to the general characteristics of senior welfare center attendees. The subjects of the study were 148 attendees of OO senior welfare center in Seoul and a survey was conducted from July 4 to October 7, 2016. The method of analysis was by using the SPSSWIN 18.0 program, a 5% level of significance was verified in a frequency analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that first, from investigating the difference in the level of preparation for old age according to general characteristics, there was a significant difference according to age, occupation, monthly income, and physical condition but there was no significant difference according to gender and level of education. Second, as a result of observing the difference in the level of happiness according to general characteristics, although there was a significant difference according to occupation and monthly income, the difference level according to gender, age, level of education, health condition was less than a 5% level of significance. Third, from observing the correlation between the level of happiness and preparation of old age, it was found that happiness was positively correlated to preparation for old age in the following order: physical preparation for old age ((r=.576, p<.001), economic preparation for old age (r=.570, p<.001), psychological preparation for old age (r=.526, p<.001), social preparation for old age (r=.525, p<.001). It is forecasted that this study will be used as base line data for improvement of happiness and preparation for old age for the elderly according to general characteristics.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.17-23
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• 2017

Purpose: To examine the correlation of depression with Internet use and body image perception, and to analyze the risk factors of depression in a total of 920 students in Seoul, Korea. Methods: Students were recruited by contacting school principals and teachers and were encouraged to fill out a self-report questionnaire designed specifically for this study in July of 2008. Results: Female participants had an increased risk for depression than did male participants (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.790; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.330-2.410, P<0.001). Older students were more susceptible to depression (aOR, 1.246; 95% CI, 1.115-1.392, P<0.001). Longer daily Internet use and more frequent Internet use were analyzed as risk factors for depression. No physical activity was a risk factor for depression (aOR, 0.392; 95% CI, 1.264-4.526, P=0.014). Dissatisfaction with one's body image increased the risk for depression (aOR, 1.373; 95% CI, 1.169-1.613; P<0.001). Obesity and perception of body image showed no significant relationship with increased risk for depression. Conclusion: Prevalence of depression was 13.8% in adolescents in Seoul, Korea, in July 2008. Female sex, age, daily Internet use duration, weekly Internet use frequency, physical activity, and dissatisfaction with one's body image independently increased risk of depression.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.521-526
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• 1993

Two percent of monocalcuim phosphate (MCP) was added to control diet consisted of fish meal (18%), soybean meal (36%) and wheat flour (37%) in order to examine the effects on phosphorus (P) discharge and growth of carp (Cyprinus carpio). Growth trial, during which digestibility measurements were made over 7 days, was conducted for 4 weeks using a recirculated rearing system with a settling column for feces collection. Fishes (initial body weight of about 200 g) were fed five times a day upto satiation with tank controlled at $24-26^{\circ}C$. Fishes fed the diet containing 2% MCP (MCP-2) showed about two-fold improvement on both growth rate and feed utilization, compared to those of fishes fed the control diet; weight gain (129 g vs 62 g), feed conversion ratio (1.20 vs 2.46), protein efficiency ratio (2.09 vs 1.07) and daily growth index (3.70 vs 1.93). However, feed intakes were maintained at the same level (150 g/fish) between the two treatments. Dry matter digestibilities of two diets were relatively low, which were 58 and 60% for respective control and MCP-2 diets due to low digestibility of total carbohydrates. However, the digestibilities of both dietary protein (85%) and lipid (90%) of diets were relatively high. While all the P fed were observed to be discharged from fish fed control diet, the discharge from fish fed the MCP-2 diet was decreased up to less than the half (34.9 g/kg wt. gain) of the control. These present results revealed that the supplementation of dietary P requirement by MCP can not only promote growth performances but also reduce the level of P loading to water which is the primary water pollution indicator.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.266-276
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• 2004

Purpose: This study purposed to supply basic data for nursing intervention plan for middle-aged women healthcare and for finding solutions to nursing problems through understanding middle-aged women's depression, and to examine whether middle-aged women's depression is related with self-concept, self-efficacy, physical condition and social support. Method: The subjects were 200 middle-aged women aged between 35 and 60 and living in Daejon city and K city in Chungcheongnam-do, and the questionnaire survey was conducted from the 15th of August to the 18th of September in 2003 using a structured questionnaire. Collected data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA. Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression. Result: Middle- aged women's depression was found to be in a negative correlation at a statistically significant level with self-concept (r=-.679, p=0.000), self-efficacy(r=-.489, p= 0.000), physical condition(r=-.650, p=0.000) and social support(r=-.526, p=0.000). The most significant variables of middle-aged women's depression was self-concept(46.2%). Combining with physical condition(13.2%) and self-efficacy(0.9%), the three variables together explained 60.3% of middle-aged women's depression. Conclusion: The results show that middle-aged women's depression is closely related with self-concept, self-efficacy and physical condition. Thus this study suggests that the goal of nursing intervention for middle-aged women to overcome depression should be to help them to have positive self-concept, high self-efficacy and sound physical condition.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.522-526
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• 1999

2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde-5-nitro-pyridylhydrazone(2HB-5NPH)를 합성하여 철의 분광학적 정량에 응용하였다. 이 시약은 pH 6.0-7.5 범위에서 철과 반응하여 메탄올 용액에서 매우 안정한 노란색의 1:2킬레이트를 형성한다. 철의 농도범위가 0.05∼2.0 ${\mu}gmL^{-1}$일 때 Beer's law에 적용되고 미량의 철을 분광학적으로 정량하기 위하여 Amberlite XAD-7 비이온성 킬레이트 수지로 채워진 짧은 컬럼을 사용하여 분리과정에 적용하였다. 몇가지 이온들의 방해 효과를 연구하였다. 혼합용액으로부터 철이온의 분리는 완충용액(pH 5.0)과 용리액으로서 0.25M HCl을 가지고 수행하였다.