• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.541-545
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• 1997

This paper presents a modified geometric active contour model or edge detection and segmentation of computed tomography(CT) scan images. The method is based on the level setup approach developed by Osher and Sethian and the modeling of propagation fronts with curvature dependent speeds by Malladi. Based on above algorithms, the geometric active contour is obtained through a particular level set of hypersurface lowing along its gradient force and curvature force. This technique retains the attractive feature which is topological and geometric flexibility of the contour in recovering objects with complex shapes and unknown topologies. But there are limitations in this algorithm which are being not able to separate the object with weak difference from neighbor object. So we use speed limitation filter to overcome those problems. We apply a 2D model to various synthetic cases and the three cases of real CT scan images in order to segment objects with complicated shapes and topologies. From the results, the presented model confirms that it attracts very naturally and efficiently to the desired feature of CT scan images.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.18-22
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• 1993

An assay system by using antibody was adopted to screen the endoinulinase producingfungi due to its high specificity toward endoinulinase, To determine whether the affinity-purified rabbit serum, which were generated against the purified endoinulinase, can react only with the endoinulinase, rocket immunoelectrophoresis was performed. The results showed that the serum specifically reacts with endoinulinase but not with exoinulinase and other proteins in the culture media. Using this polyclonal antibody, a strain from 62 fungal colonies was selected and it secreted an endoinulinase in the culture media to the amount comparable to that of Aspergillus ficuum A Tee 16882 known as a high endoinulinase producer.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.37-38
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• 2013

The fine powder obtained from the manufacturing process of recycled coarse aggregate contains unhydareted cement particles on their surface. It is believed that the alkalinity of the powder (11.0-12.5) is enough to active the slag-based composites. In this paper, the obtained powder was sieved and divided into two sizes, i.e., 0.08 mm and 0.3 mm, and added to the slag-based mortar. Results showed that the fine powder had an effect on the slump and the compressive strength of slag-based composites. With the different pH values of the powder, it could be seen that the distance between the two level powders. And found the peak 28 days compressive strength as the replacement ratio of the recycled aggregate powder changed. The findings from this study provide an indication that with achieved compressive strength, the fine powder can be used in a light weight concrete.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.1347-1348
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• 2007

In this paper, ITO gate electrode surface was modified using $O_2$ plasma and organic gate insulating layers were deposited on the ITO surface using plasma polymerization technique. In order to investigate the influence of the plasma coupling method and plasma conditions on the plasma polymerized methyl methacrylate (ppMMA) thin film properties, inductively coupled (ICP) and capacitively coupled plasma (CCP) were used to generate the plasma and the plasma parameters were varied. The ppMMAs were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and a Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Dielectric constants of the ppMMA thin films were investigated using a impedance analyzer (HP4192A, LF Impedance Analyzer). Current-Voltage (I-V) characteristics of the organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) were investigated using a source measurement unit (SMU: Keithley 2612). Proposed method can be applied to dry-process to fabricate OTFTs during overall fabricating steps.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2011

Constructs with seven latent evaluation indicators and 18 observable survey questions were developed by food and nutrition experts to calculate a food safety recognition and practice index for children. The purpose of this study was to suggest statistical approaches to test construction validity on the constructs, obtain weights of the evaluation indicators, and develop questionnaires to calculate a children's food recognition and practice index. Survey data of 2,400 elementary fifth grade students were used as empirical results. Test validity was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis and confirmed to be highly significant by confirmatory factor analysis [i.e., linear structural relations (LISREL) analysis]. Standardized path coefficients of the LISREL analysis were suggested based on weights, and the weights were compared using the AHP and Delphi methods.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.5-8
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• 2008

On highly-textured IBAD-MgO templates, we have tried to find proper buffer layers among various candidate materials, including $LaMnO_3$ (LMO), $La_2Zr_2O_7$ (LAO), $LaAlO_3$ (LAO), $LaGaO_3$ (LGO), $NdGaO_3$ (NGO), and $BaZrO_3$ (BZO). All buffer layers were deposited on the IBAD-MgO templates by KrF pulsed laser deposition(PLD). LAO layer showed an armorphous phase. LZO, LGO, and NGO layers showed polycrystalline growth. Only LMO and BZO layers exhibited c-axis oriented biaxially textured films. Optimally processed LMO buffer layer at deposition temperature of $750^{\circ}C$ and $PO_2$ of 100mTorr exhibited ${\triangle}{\phi}$ value of ${\sim}-5.2^{\circ}$ and RMS roughness of 5.6nm. Interestingly, BZO buffer layers with ${\triangle}{\phi}$ values of ${\sim}-6^{\circ}$ could be routinely produced over a wide PLD processing condition.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.1 s.246
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• pp.38-43
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• 2005

Matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) is a class of proteolytic enzymes that digest collagen type IV and other components of the basement membrane. It plays a key role in the local invasion and the formation of distant metastases by various malignant tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the activity of MMP-2 and its significance as a prognostic marker in resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Material and Method: In this study we obtained fresh-frozen samples of tumor and non-tumor tissues from 34 patients with stage I NSCLC who underwent resection without preoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy. After the extraction of total protein from tissue samples, MMP-2 activities were assessed by gelatin-substrate-zymography. The activities were divided into the higher or lower groups. Result: The MMP-2 activities were higher in tumor tissues than in non-tumor tissues. The MMP-2 activity of non-tumor tissues in recurrent group was higher than in non-recurrent group (p<0.01). Also the patients with higher MMP-2 activity of non-tumor tissues showed poor 5 year survival (p<0.01). Conclusion: This result indicates that the higher level of MMP-2 activity in the non-tumor tissue is associated with the recurrence and survival after the resection of stage I NSCLC. Therefore, MMP-2 activity in the non-tumor tissue could be used as a potential prognostic marker for the resected stage I-NSCLC.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.329-337
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• 1993

Improvement of orthognathic surgical techniques make it possible to design esthetic surgical correction for total esthetic face. In order to find the esthetic line which guide esthetic surgical correction in patients of orthognathic surgery, cephalometric soft tissue analysis of esthetic faces were performed. In esthetic Korean young adults, 25 males and 25 females who were within 1 S.D. of E-line, ANB, P/A facial height ratio, were analyzed in natural position keeping their face eye level. 1. Sn position is constant in males and females. The Sn-N'-N' Vertical plane angle is $5.3^{\circ}$ in both sexes. Sn is positioned in front of 5 mm in female 7 mm in male from the N' vertical plane. 2. The Sn-Ls line make constant angle to horizontal plane with $72.5^{\circ}$ in both sexes, which is called "upper esthetic line". The Ls-Pg' line makes constant angle to $72.4^{\circ}$ (range $72.2^{\circ}$ in female to $72.6^{\circ}$ in male), which is called "lower esthetic line". 3. When inter-esthetic line angle (the Sn-Ls line to Ls-Pg' line) has $144.9^{\circ}$, lower third face has esthetic upper and lower lip. 4. In treatment planning, Sn is first corrected in proper position, and then upper and lower esthetic line are established with the angle of 144.9. The maxilla is moved to tangent Ls to the upper esthetic line, and mandible is moved to tangent Li and Pg' to the lower esthetic line, according to the "y"-shaped esthetic lines, then lower third face showes esthetics.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.354-367
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to verify validity and reliability of a neonatal patient classification system (NeoPCS-1). Methods: An expert group of 8 nurse managers and 40 nurses from 8 Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Korea, verified content validity of the measurement using item level content validity index (I-CVI). The participants were nurses caring for 469 neonates. Data were collected from November 11 to December 14, 2011 and analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, intraclass correlation coefficient, and K-cluster analysis with PASW 18.0 program. Results: Nursing domains and activities included 8 items with 91 activities. I-CVI was above .80 in all areas. Interrater reliability was significant between two raters (r=.95, p<.001). Classification scores for participants according to patient types and nurses' intuition were significantly higher for the following patients; gestational age (${\leq}29$ weeks), body weight (<1,000 gm), and transfer from hospital. Six groups were classified using cluster analysis method based on nursing needs. Patient classification scores were significantly different for the groups. Conclusion: These results show adequate validity and reliability for the NeoPCS-1 based on nursing needs. Study is needed to refine the measurement and develop index scores to estimate number of nurses needed for adequate neonatal care.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.33-41
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• 1988

Estimation of fish freshness is very important in food industries. it was estimated from the concentration of nucleotides. ammonia, amines and volatile acids in fish meat. Changes in the K-values of 12 species of fish were observed during storage at $0^{\circ}C$. The range of differences in the K-value-increasing rate of chilled fish muscle among fish species might be wider for white-fleshed fishes than for dark- fleshed fishes. As to the 12 species of fish examined. the coefficient of correlation between them was calculated to be 0.77. The fish muscle will he contained an effective inhibitor of IMP-degrading enzymatic activity.