• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.6055-6057
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• 2012

The mismatch repair system (MMR) is a post-replicative DNA repair mechanism whose defects can lead to cancer. The MSH3 protein is an essential component of the system. We postulated that MSH3 gene polymorphisms might therefore be associated with prostate cancer (PC). We studied MSH3 codon 222 and MSH3 codon 1036 polymorphisms in a group of Iranian sporadic PC patients. A total of 60 controls and 18 patients were assessed using the polymerase chain reaction and single strand conformational polymorphism. For comparing the genotype frequencies of patients and controls the chi-square test was applied. The obtained result indicated that there was significantly association between G/A genotype of MSH3 codon 222 and G/G genotype of MSH3 codon 1036 with an increased PC risk (P=0.012 and P=0.02 respectively). Our results demonstrated that MSH3 codon 222 and MSH3 codon 1036 polymorphisms may be risk factors for sporadic prostate cancer in the Iranian population.

• 해양환경안전학회:학술대회논문집
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• 해양환경안전학회 2006년도 추계학술발표회
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• pp.175-179
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• 2006

유류오염사고 시 피해보상을 둘러싸고 가해자와 피해자간에 복잡한 사회적 문제를 유발할 수 있다는 점에서 오늘날 각국은 사고의 방지와 사고 후 보상대책에 다각적인 노력을 기울이고 있다. 본 연구는 국내 외 유류오염사고 시 피해자에 대한 충분한 보상방법이 강구되어 야 한다는 관점에서 유류오염방지법제의 개선 발전방향을 제시하고 선주책임상호 보험조합 (P&I Club) 과 국제기금 (IOPC Fund)으로부터 피해 배상 보상을 받기 위한 제도적인 연을 살펴보고, 주요 유류오염 사고의 손해배상 보상 관련 쟁점을 조사 분석하여 손해배상을 최대한 보장할 수 있는 방안을 도출하고자 한다. 그리고 기름유출 규모별 지원체계와 복구방안 유류오염손해 배상 보상청구에 있어서 개선방안 및 정책 대안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.213-221
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• 2006

본 연구는 토양 수분함량을 즉시 파악할 수 있는 Time Domain Radiometer(TDR)과 식물의 광합성 시 잎에서 반사되는 Reflectance를 통하여 식물의 상태를 파악할 수 있는 Multi-spectral radiometer(MSR)를 사용하여 난지형 잔디인 'Sea Isle 1' Seashore paspalum 과 'Floratam' St. Augustinegrass를 대상으로 토양수분함량과 Reflectance와의 상관관계를 파악하고자 시작하였다. 본 연구를 통해 토양 수분함량이 660, 694 wavelengths와 NDVI, LAI, stress index에서 높은 상관관계를 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 Sensor-based technology가 잔디의 수분요구 시점을 미리 파악할 수 있는 기술의 기초 자료로서 활용될 수 있으며 여러 다른 Sensor-based technology를 이용한 연구로 확대될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2015년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.23-23
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• 2015

Plasmodiophora brassicae is a major disease threat for Brassica oil and vegetable crop production worldwide. The causal agent is a Plasmodiophorid, which are obligate biotrophic plant-pathogenic protists in the Rhizarian kingdom. Although the Plasmodiophorids include other important agricultural pathogens such as Polymyxa betae, Spongospora subterranea, their biology remains poorly understood due to their intracellular biotrophic life style. I will present the assembled and annotated genome of P. brassicae, with insights into developmental stage-specific. We provide the first genomic data for pathogenic Rhizaria. The exploitation of the life stage specific transcripts will shed light in the understanding of the life cycle at a molecular basis, which will in the long run help to understand and control club root disease. Our data also fill an important gap for the understanding of the eukaryotic tree of life, since this is only the third genome of the eukaryotic kingdom of Rhizaria.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.73-87
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• 1993

As a result of accepting the '71 FUND Convention and enforcing the Oil Pollution Compensation Act 1992, we observed some benefits and costa. This paper analyses those benefits and costs and suggests se-veral key policy recommendations for the estasblishment of an effective oil pollution compensation regime in Korea. This paper identifies the said benefits and costs as follows : First, by establishing the oil pollu-tion compensation system as same as the international level, most of small and medium size of oil pollution damage which are caused by coastal tankers will be compensated by FUND. Second, most of oil pollution damage which are not covered by '69 CLC will be compensated by FUND. Third, some parts of FUND Contribution Fee and CRISTAL Contribution Fee to be charged by major oil companies will be doubled. However the limit of international oil pollution compensation system and the loophole outside the Oil Pol-lution Compensation Act 1992 suggest followings : 1) Radical risk management and insurance manage-ment of ocean going tanker owners, 2) Establishment of oil pollution claim settlement system, 3) Enforce-ment of crew and ship management for coastal tanker and 4) Establishment of Korean P & I Club.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.169-179
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• 2017

본 연구는 학교 과학교육 현장을 실행공동체적 관점에서 살펴보고 학교 차원의 전략적 실행공동체의 형성 가능성을 탐색하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 전국의 14개 과학중점학교 학생 1600여명을 대상으로 SCaCoP 검사를 실시하여 과학교실 내의 실행공동체적 특징을 점검하고, 학교 교육과정의 과학교육활동 중 학생들에게 긍정적 영향을 미친 활동과 그 영향을 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 과학중점학교의 교육과정이 두드러지게 운영되는 과학중점과정은, 학교 내의 자연과정 및 인문과정에 비해, SCaCoP의 5개 모든 요인(학습책임감, 호혜적 인간관계, 개방적 참여, 실행, 공동의 관심사)에서 실행공동체적 특성이 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 과학중점과정 학생들은 긍정적으로 인식하는 활동으로 구성원간의 상호작용과 협력이 필수적인 공동체 활동인 '실험', '체험활동', '동아리', '과제연구', 'R&E' 등을 들었다. 셋째, 학생들은 과학중점학교의 활동이 '자기주도적 학습', '학습성과 공유', '동료와의 협력' 등에 긍정적이라고 인식할 뿐만 아니라 '교과 외 과학지식 습득', '교과 내 과학개념 이해', '과학 관련 태도 형성' 등 일반적인 과학교육의 목표들에 대해서도 긍정적이라고 응답하여 실행공동체를 활성화 하는 데 효과적인 교육활동들이 과학교육적 측면에서도 긍정적인 효과를 얻고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 이러한 과학중점학교의 특징들은 우리나라의 학교 교육 맥락에서 전략적 실행공동체의 형성과 이를 통한 과학교육 혁신의 가능성을 잘 예시한다고 하겠다.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2005

골프장의 문제해충들 중 등얼룩풍뎅이(Exonala orientalis) 3령충의 방제를 위하여 21계통의 한국산 곤충병원성 선충{Heterorhabditis bacteriophora 함양 계통과 Heterorhabditis sp. 202, 206, 217, Heterorhabditis sp. KCTC 0991BP 계 통, Steinernema carpocapsae 포천, S. longicaudum 공주, S. longicaudum 논산, Steinernema sp. 7, 24, 62, 55, 60, 64, 206, 207, 209, 210, 219, 227 계통}을 이용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 등얼룩풍뎅이 유충 한 마리당 200마리의 선충을 처리하였을 때, 14일 후 치사율은 Heterorhabditis sp. 202 계통이 $55\%$, Heterorhahditis sp. 205 계통과 H. bacteriophora 함양 계통이 각각 $50\%$의 치사율을 나타내어 Heterorhabditis속 선충들의 병원성이 $32.5\%$이하의 치사율을 나타낸 Steinernema속 선충에 비하여 높았다. 등얼룩풍뎅이 3령충 내에서 증식된 선충수는 Heterorhabditis sp. 202 계통이 273,064마리, S. carpocapasae 포천 계통이 273,043마리, Heterorhabditis sp. 217 계통이 248,887마리로 이들 선충들의 증식수가 일반적으로 많았다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.6905-6911
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• 2013

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the top cancer among women worldwide and the most frequent malignancy among Iranian women over the past few decades. The increasing trend and high mortality rate of BC in the developing world necessitates studies concentrating on its characteristics in countries in Asia. The current study focused on clinical and histopathological features of BC among Iranian females. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study involved 714 Iranian patients with histopathologically proven BC undergoing resection of primary tumours and axillary clearance. Demographic, clinical and histopathological data were obtained and studied between ten year age groups (${\leq}40$ years, 41-50 years, 51-60 years, 61-70 years, and ${\leq}71$ years) in four chronologic phases from 1994-2009. Results: Mean age of patients was $49.4{\pm}13.1$ years. Most of cases (33.2%) were in 41-50 group. Mean size of primary tumors was $3.94{\pm}2.47$ cm and 87.1% of cases had infiltrative ductal carcinoma. Modified radical mastectomy was the most common method of surgery carried out (48.8%). Some 57.1% of tumors were in pT2 and tumor size decreased significantly during the period (p<0.05). The most common BC stage was llla (27%). Lower BC stages (0 and 1) constituted 13.9% of the diagnosed tumors. Our series of patients aged ${\leq}40$ had larger tumors (mean $4.73{\pm}3.02$ cm) compared to older age groups (p=0.003). Lower stages (0 and I) were more frequent among the oldest patients while nearly 50% of patients aged ${\leq}40$ had tumor stage III. We also observed a significant decreasing trend in the mean LN count (p<0.05) and blood vessel invasion (p=0.023) from younger to older age groups. Conclusions: More aggressive disease for younger age groups, earlier peak incidence age and high rate of advanced BC at the time of diagnosis among Iranian women, were the main findings of this study.

• 무역학회지
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.157-179
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• 2020

This study presented the results of meta-analysis through topic modeling among the papers published in the Journal of the International Trade Association for the purpose of presenting academic research trends in the field of trade insurance and future research directions. Among the total 2,010 papers included in the Journal of the Korea International Trade Association, the analyzed paper covers the subject of trade-related insurance. According to detailed topics, 33 marine insurance (42.31%), 16 export insurance (20.51%), 11 hull insurance (14.10%), and 18 others (23.08%), and 4 other products liability insurance. According to the empirical analysis results, Topic 1 was classified as marine insurance, airworthiness, notice obligation, and collateral, and Topic 2 was derived as a representative topic for loading insurance, emergency risk, and immunity as export insurance. And Topic 3 was classified as vessel, sinking and container in relation to ship insurance, and Topic 4 was analyzed as an important topic such as manufacture and British marine insurance. Through the analysis results, we selected the representative topic used for the trade insurance topic and looked at the status of major research. Trade insurance is an area that requires the development of more theoretical and practical research subjects as an optimal risk management means in international trade transactions. To this end, first, support from the Korea International Trade Association is needed to establish a continuous research subject sharing system for the development of research subjects in the field of trade insurance. Second, academic journal operation management must be continuously managed in which academic research papers can be submitted and published.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.717-722
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• 2013

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between tumor size and axillary lymph node involvement (ALNI) in patients with invasive lesions, to find the best candidates for a full axillary dissection. Additionally, we evaluated the association between tumor size and invasive behavior. The study was based on data from 789 patients with histopathologically proven invasive breast cancer diagnosed in Shohada University hospital in Tehran, Iran (1993-2009). Cinical and histopathological characteristics of tumors were collected. Patients were divided into 6 groups according to primary tumor size: group I ($0.1-{\leq}1cm$), II ($1.1-{\leq}2cm$), III ($2.1-{\leq}3cm$), IV ($3.1-{\leq}4cm$), V ($4.1-{\leq}5cm$) and VI (>5cm). The mean(${\pm}SD$) size of primary tumor at the time of diagnosis was $3.59{\pm}2.69$ cm that gradually declined during the course of study. There was a significant correlation between tumor size and ALNI (p<0.001). A significant positive correlation between primary tumor size and involvement of surrounding tissue was also found (p<0.001). The mean number of LNI in group VI was significantly higher than other groups (p<0.05). We observed more involvement of lymph nodes, blood vessels, skin and areola-nipple tissue with increase in tumor size. We found 15.3% overall incidence of ALNI in tumors ${\leq}2cm$, indicating the need for more investigation to omit full axillary lymph node dissection with an acceptable risk for tumors below this diameter. While in patients with tumors ${\geq}2cm$, 84.3% of them had nodal metastases, so the best management for this group would be a full ALND. Tumor size is a significant predictor of ALNM and involvement of surrounding tissue, so that an exact estimation of the size of primary tumor is necessary prior to surgery to make the best decision for management of patients with invasive breast cancer.